1. Chapter 6: Religion

2. What are Ethnic Religions?
Ethnic Religions are religions that appeal to a specific group of people and are the smaller between Ethnic and Universalizing. Sometimes you must be of the ethnicity in order to be ah adherent.
The largest ethnic religion is Hinduism which claims 950 million adherents (14% of the world’s population).

3. What are Universalizing Religions
Universalizing religions are religions that attempt to appeal to all people and tend to be much larger than Ethnic religions. They also tend to follow an individual founder and have holidays based on events in the founder’s life.
The largest Universalizing religion is Christianity, with about 33% of the world’s population being adherents.

4. What Religions hold Jerusalem to be a Sacred Holy Site?
There are three religions that hold Jerusalem sacred, they are Christianity, Islam, and Judaism.
Muslims find it to be holy because it houses a sacred shrine known as the Dome of the Rock built on the Temple Mount. This is where Muhammad went up to Heaven and received the 5 pillars of Islam.
Christians find it to be holy because it was where Jesus Christ preached to the poor as an adult, was crucified at the end of his life, and was then resurrected by god.
Jews find it to be holy because of the Temple Mount created by King Solomon and Mount Moriah which is believed to be the place where Abraham almost sacrificed his son and spoke with god.

5. Religion Distribution in Ireland
84% of the population of Ireland are Roman Catholic, and those who aren’t Catholic tend to be clustered in the northern tip and eastern coast.
The other 16% of religions in Ireland are, No religion 7.63%, Church
of Ireland 2.81%, Islam 1.07%, and Orthodox .99% (all approximate).
The most troublesome religious boundary in western Europe lies on
Island of Éire (Ireland)
The entire island was an English colony for many centuries and was
made part of United Kingdom in 1801.
"Distribution+of+religion+in+ireland - Google Search." Distribution+of+religion+in+ireland –
Google Search. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Dec

6. Holiest cities in islam
Makkah-Kabba
Medina-Masjid Al nabwi
Jerusalem-Masjid Al aksa
"Makkah - Google Search." Makkah - Google Search. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Dec

7. Distribution of religion in United states
From the South-East to the North-West the U.S. is predominately Protestant. South-West is Catholic.
Out of the Christian religions in the U.S. 32%%% are protestant, and 23% are Cathlic.

8. Caste system
Class or distinct heredity order into which a Hindu is assigned according to religious law

9. cosmogony
Set or religions beliefs concerning the origin of the universe

10. what are the titles found in the hierarchy of the Roman Catholic Church?
Pope: Head of the church, he lives at the Vatican. The pope is infallible in defining matters of faith and morals.
Cardinal: Appointed by the pope, 178 cardinals worldwide, including 13 in the U.S., make up the College of Cardinals. As a body, it advises the pope and, on his death, elects a new pope.
Archbishop: An archbishop is a bishop of a main or metropolitan diocese, also called an archdiocese. A cardinal can concurrently hold the title. The U.S. has 45 archbishops.
Bishop: A bishop, like a priest, is ordained to this station. He is a teacher of church doctrine, a priest of sacred worship, and a minister of church government. The U.S. has 290 active bishops, 194 head dioceses.
Priest: An ordained minister who can administer most of the sacraments, including the Eucharist, baptism, and marriage. He can be with a particular religious order or committed to serving a congregation.
Deacon: A transitional deacon is a seminarian studying for the priesthood. A permanent deacon can be married and assists a priest by performing some of the sacraments.

11. What are the major branches of Islam?
Shia
The Shia Muslims believe that following the Prophet Muhammad's death, leadership should have passed directly to his cousin/son-in-law, Ali bin Abu Talib.
Sunni
Sunni Muslims agree that after the death of the Prophet Muhammad, the position of leadership was taken by many of the Prophet's companions, and that the new leader should be elected from among those capable of the job. This was done, and the Prophet Muhammad's close friend and advisor, Abu Bakr, became the first Caliph of the Islamic nation.

12. What are the major branches of Christianity?
Protestant
Protestants are distinguished by their emphasis on the doctrines of "justification by grace alone through faith, the priesthood of all believers, and the supremacy of Holy Scripture in matters of faith and order." Most Protestant churches recognize only two sacraments directly commanded by the Lord - baptism and communion - as opposed to the seven sacraments accepted by the Catholic Church.
Roman Catholic
Roman Catholic beliefs include the special authority of the pope, the ability of saints to intercede on behalf of believers, the concept of purgatory as a place of afterlife purification before entering heaven, and the doctrine of transubstantiation - that is, that the bread used in the Eucharist becomes the true body of Christ when blessed by a priest.
Eastern Orthodox
Orthodox Christians attach great importance to the Bible, the conclusions of the Seven Ecumenical Councils, and the right "orthodox" belief. However, the Eastern Churches approach religious truth differently than the Western Churches. For Orthodox Christians, truth must be experienced personally. There is less focus on the exact definition of religious truth and more on the practical and personal experience of truth in the life of the individual and the church.

13. what religion places a special emphasis on cremation after death?
Hinduism
It is believed to release an individual’s spiritual essence from its transitory physical body so it can be reborn. If it is not done or not done properly, it is thought, the soul will be disturbed and not find its way to its proper place in the afterlife and come back and haunt living relatives.