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Genetics: A Conceptual Approach © 2009 W. H. Freeman and Company
Benjamin A. Pierce Genetics: A Conceptual Approach THIRD EDITION CHAPTER 10 DNA: The Chemical Nature of the Gene © 2009 W. H. Freeman and Company Copyright 2008 © W. H. Freeman and Company
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The remarkable stability of DNA makes the extraction and analysis of DNA from ancient remains possible, including Neanderthal bones that are more than 30,000 years old. [John Reader/Photo Researchers.]
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10.1 Many people have contributed to our understanding of the structure of DNA.
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10.2 Griffith’s experiments demonstrated transformation in bacteria.
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10.3 Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty’s experiment revealed the nature of the transforming principle.
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10.3 Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty’s experiment revealed the nature of the transforming principle.
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10.3 (part 1) Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty’s experiment revealed the nature of the transforming principle.
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10.3 (part 1) Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty’s experiment revealed the nature of the transforming principle.
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10.3 (part 2) Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty’s experiment revealed the nature of the transforming principle.
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10.3 (part 2) Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty’s experiment revealed the nature of the transforming principle.
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10. 4a (part 1) T2 is a bacteriophage that infects E. coli
10.4a (part 1) T2 is a bacteriophage that infects E. coli. (a) T2 phage. [© Lee D. Simon/Photo Researchers.]
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10. 4a (part 2) T2 is a bacteriophage that infects E. coli
10.4a (part 2) T2 is a bacteriophage that infects E. coli. (a) T2 phage.
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10. 4a (part 2) T2 is a bacteriophage that infects E. coli
10.4a (part 2) T2 is a bacteriophage that infects E. coli. (a) T2 phage.
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10.4b T2 is a bacteriophage that infects E. coli. (b) Its life cycle.
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10.4b T2 is a bacteriophage that infects E. coli. (b) Its life cycle.
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10.5 Hershey and Chase demonstrated that DNA carries the genetic information in bacteriophages.
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10.5 Hershey and Chase demonstrated that DNA carries the genetic information in bacteriophages.
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10.5 (part 1) Hershey and Chase demonstrated that DNA carries the genetic information in bacteriophages.
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10.5 (part 1) Hershey and Chase demonstrated that DNA carries the genetic information in bacteriophages.
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10.5 (part 2) Hershey and Chase demonstrated that DNA carries the genetic information in bacteriophages.
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10.5 (part 2) Hershey and Chase demonstrated that DNA carries the genetic information in bacteriophages.
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10.6 X-ray diffraction provides information about the structures of molecules. [Photograph from M. H. F. Wilkins, Department of Biophysics, King’s College, University of London.]
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10.6 X-ray diffraction provides information about the structures of molecules. [Photograph from M. H. F. Wilkins, Department of Biophysics, King’s College, University of London.]
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10.7 Watson (left) and Crick (right) provided a three-dimensional model of the structure of DNA. [A. Barrington Brown/Science Photo Library/Photo Researchers.]
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10.8 Fraenkel-Conrat and Singer’s experiment demonstrated that RNA in the tobacco mosaic virus carries the genetic information.
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10.8 Fraenkel-Conrat and Singer’s experiment demonstrated that RNA in the tobacco mosaic virus carries the genetic information.
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10.8 (part 1) Fraenkel-Conrat and Singer’s experiment demonstrated that RNA in the tobacco mosaic virus carries the genetic information.
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10.8 (part 1) Fraenkel-Conrat and Singer’s experiment demonstrated that RNA in the tobacco mosaic virus carries the genetic information.
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10.8 (part 2) Fraenkel-Conrat and Singer’s experiment demonstrated that RNA in the tobacco mosaic virus carries the genetic information.
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10.8 (part 2) Fraenkel-Conrat and Singer’s experiment demonstrated that RNA in the tobacco mosaic virus carries the genetic information.
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10.9 A nucleotide contains either a ribose sugar (in RNA) or a deoxyribose sugar (in DNA). The carbon atoms are assigned primed numbers.
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10. 10 A nucleotide contains either a purine or a pyrimidine base
10.10 A nucleotide contains either a purine or a pyrimidine base. The atoms of the rings in the bases are assigned unprimed numbers.
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10.10 (part 1) A nucleotide contains either a purine or a pyrimidine base. The atoms of the rings in the bases are assigned unprimed numbers.
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10.10 (part 2) A nucleotide contains either a purine or a pyrimidine base. The atoms of the rings in the bases are assigned unprimed numbers.
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10.11 A nucleotide contains a phosphate group.
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10.12 There are four types of DNA nucleotides.
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10.13 DNA and RNA consist of polynucleotide strands.
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10.13 DNA and RNA consist of polynucleotide strands.
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10.13 (part 1) DNA and RNA consist of polynucleotide strands.
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10.13 (part 1) DNA and RNA consist of polynucleotide strands.
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10.13 (part 2) DNA and RNA consist of polynucleotide strands.
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10.13 (part 2) DNA and RNA consist of polynucleotide strands.
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10.14a B-DNA consists of an alpha helix with approximately 10 bases per turn. (a) Space-filling model of B-DNA showing major and minor grooves.
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10.14b B-DNA consists of an alpha helix with approximately 10 bases per turn. (b) Diagrammatic representation.
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10.14b B-DNA consists of an alpha helix with approximately 10 bases per turn. (b) Diagrammatic representation.
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10. 15 DNA can assume several different secondary structures. [After J
10.15 DNA can assume several different secondary structures. [After J. M. Berg, J. L. Tymoczko, and L. Stryer, Biochemistry, 6th ed. (New York: W. H. Freeman and Company, 2002), pp. 785, 787.]
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10.16a Pathways of information transfer within the cell.
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10.16a Pathways of information transfer within the cell.
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10.16b Pathways of information transfer within the cell.
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10.16b Pathways of information transfer within the cell.
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10. 17a Both DNA and RNA can form special secondary structures
10.17a Both DNA and RNA can form special secondary structures. (a) A hairpin, consisting of a region of paired bases (which form the stem) and a region of unpaired bases between the complementary sequences (which form a loop at the end of the stem).
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10. 17b Both DNA and RNA can form special secondary structures
10.17b Both DNA and RNA can form special secondary structures. (b) A stem with no loop.
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10. 17c Both DNA and RNA can form special secondary structures
10.17c Both DNA and RNA can form special secondary structures. (c) Secondary structure of RNA component of RNase P of E. coli. RNA molecules often have complex secondary structures.
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10.18 In eukaryotic DNA, cytosine bases are often methylated to form 5-methylcytosine.
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