1. South Asia is called a subcontinent. What does that mean?
Warm Up
South Asia is called a subcontinent. What does that mean?

2. Pakistan and Bangladesh
South Asia Unit 8 Day 3
Chapter 25 section 2

3. Pakistan and Bangladesh

4. What is the History of the two nations?
Ancient civilization called Indus Valley
Well planned brick cities & sophisticated sanitation systems
2500 BC to 1500 BC
3 Different empires in control until the British
Mauryan, Gupta, and Mughal controlled region before Britain

5. Brought Partition- division of British India
What is partition?
1947: British rule ends
Brought Partition- division of British India
Divides land into two new countries
India (mainly Hindu)
Pakistan (mainly Muslim)
West Pakistan and East Pakistan
Violence between Hindus and Muslims
In 1971 East Pakistan wins independence and becomes Bangladesh
--1 million died in conflict, 10 million fled across national borders
--West and East Pakistan share religious bond; 1,100 mile separation and ethnic differences drove them apart

6. What kind of governments do they have?
Both have struggled since independence
Long periods of military rule; Short periods of elected gov’t
Pakistan has fought with India over Kashmir
However, both have had female prime ministers, rare in Muslim culture
Sheikh Hasina
Bangladesh, Prime minister
Nawaz Sharif
Pakistan, Prime minister

7. What are their economies like?
Very large populations
Many live in poverty
Relies heavily on agriculture
Government tries to introduce new techniques
Growing textile industries
Microcredit for poor entrepreneurs
B:156.6 million
P: million
--Main crop is rice; main export is jute (plant used for rope, carpet, and industrial sack production)
--Most farmers are following less productive, traditional farming methods
--Both countries now export cotton garments, wool carpets, and leather goods
--Small businesses who cannot afford independent loans from a bank band together to apply for a microcredit

8. What is religious life like?
Most are Muslims
Pakistan is stricter
Purdah: Seclusion of women
Bangladesh: less strict religious and moral practices
--Purdah: Women cannot have contact with men that are not relatives. Women must wear veils in public.

9. What are their cultures like?
Most live in small villages
Family and marriage are central
Poetry is VERY popular
Large readings called mushairas
Unique music: Qawwali
Soccer and cricket are popular

10. Answer the following questions using pages 573-577
1. How were the countries of Pakistan and Bangladesh formed?
2. What role does farming play in the countries?
3. What have been some problems for the countries since they were formed?
4. What role does Islam play in Pakistan and Bangladesh?
5. Describe the ethnic makeup of Pakistan?
6. How do the countries of Pakistan and Bangladesh differ in Islamic practices? Which one is strict? What are their practices towards women?
7. Why hasn’t government intervention in farming been successful?
8. Explain microcredit.
9. What is important to know about the Indus Valley Civilization?
10. Explain the region’s fondness for poetry.