1. For weeks a six-year old boy kept telling his first-grade teacher about the baby brother or sister that was expected at his house. One day the mother allowed the boy to feel the movements of the unborn child. The six-year-old was obviously impressed, but made no comment. Furthermore, he stopped telling his teacher about the impending event. The teacher finally asked, “Tommy, whatever has become of that baby brother or sister you were expecting at home?” Tommy burst into tears and confessed, “I think Mommy ate it!”

2. Fetal
Development

3. The traveling egg…meets sperm= FERTILIZATION

4. Genetics
Chromosomes – Each cell in the body contains 46 identical chromosomes,
the only exception is the sperm and egg cells, which contain only 23

6. Fertilization
Conception – Single sperm cell penetrates the ovum and new life begins
Fraternal twins – 2 different eggs and 2 different sperm
Identical twins – Fertilized egg splits = 2 individuals

8. IDENTICAL TWINS
FRATERNAL TWINS

9. Day 1: Ovulation and Fertilization:
The birth of human life begins at fertilization.
The sperm “swims upstream” 3 inches an hour
The egg is 30,000 times larger than the sperm
Sperm & egg meet form a single cell with 46 chromosomes

15. First Trimester 7-9 Days:
Group of cells attach to uterine lining. Called an “EMBRYO”
18 Days
Heart muscle pulsates
20 Days
Nervous system : foundation laid down

17. First Trimester 25 Days (One month) Heart beats regularly
Eyes & ears visible
Digestive system forms
6 weeks
Brain waves and body movements are visible

20. First Trimester 8 weeks (2 months)
All body parts are present: large head with brain & facial features; fingers & toes appear.
Hiccups, kicks, waves
Now called a FETUS
10 weeks
All organs are functioning – stomach, liver, brain
Swallows, sucks, yawns
3 inches long

30. Second Trimester 16 weeks (3 ½ -4 months) 20-24 weeks (5 months)
Face clearer, first signs of gender appear.
Excretory system develops rapidly; skin develops
Hearing is fully developed
6 ½ inches long
Mother can start to feel kicks, movement
20-24 weeks (5 months)
Growth rate slows
Open eyes, fine hair develops
Heart beat can be heard by stethoscope
Approx. 1 pound, 10 inches

39. Second Trimester 26 weeks (6 months)
Earliest age of survival outside of mother’s uterus; 50% chance
About 1 foot long
Outside sound or pressure can increase the fetus’s heart rate
Growing and maturing

42. Third Trimester 28 weeks (6 ½ - 7 months) Fetus recognizes voices
Approx. 2 lbs 4 oz, 14 inches
Fully developed but not enough fat cells to maintain body temp; incubator if prematurely born
80% chance of survival
32 weeks (7 ½ - 8 months)
Growing and maturing
3 pounds 11 ounces

45. Third Trimester 37 weeks (8 ½ -9 months)
Birth prior to this time is considered “pre-mature”
5 pounds 9 ounces
40 weeks (9-10 months)
Full term
Average : 7 lbs 6 oz, 20 inches long

47. Nutrition in Pregnancy
Eat from the 5 food group. You need more iron, calcium, vitamins, and minerals
A pregnant woman needs extra calories a day

48. Anatomy of Pregnancy
Uterus – “womb;” hollow muscular organ that provides a home for the baby during pregnancy
Amniotic sac – “bag of water” a seal to protect the fetus from infection
Amniotic fluid- shock absorber, keeps temperature constant
Umbilical cord – life line, carries blood, oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between the fetus and placenta. About 2 feet long and contains 2 arteries and 1 vein
Placenta – picks up nutrients & oxygen from the mother’s blood & removes waste products from the baby; holds embryo to wall of uterus

49. Placenta Umbilical Cord Vagina Uterus Amniotic fluid Amniotic Sac
Cervix
Umbilical Cord
Vagina

50. Labor and Delivery
Labor: Uterine muscles contracts and relaxes causing cervix to dilate (8-12 hours)
Normal – 40 weeks after last period
Premature labor – 37 weeks or less

52. STAGE 1: 2-24 hrs
Contractions cause the cervix to DILATE or widen from 2.5 cm-10 cm
Amniotic sac breaks which releases the amniotic fluid
(water breaks)

53. STAGE 2 : ½ - 2 hrs
Continued contractions push baby out through the cervix & vagina (DELIVERY)
Umbilical cord clamped and cut
Baby’s nose and mouth suctioned to remove mucus

55. STAGE 3 : Directly after baby delivery
Placenta delivery

56. Labor and Delivery Delivery: Best position of baby is with head down
Vaginal – Thru cervix down the birth canal
Breach – Buttocks first
Cesarean Section – Incision thru the mother’s abdomen

57. Cesarean Section

58. Why C-Section??

60. Ultrasound
Diagnostic technique that uses sound waves to create pictures of internal body structures

61. Amniocentesis
Diagnostic technique that removes fetal cells from amniotic fluid. WHY??
You or your partner has a genetic condition which may be passed on to the baby.
There is a risk that the condition may be passed on to the baby.
You have had a previous child affected by a genetic condition.
You have had another type of test that is done during pregnancy (such as an ultrasound or blood test). It has shown that there is an increased risk that your baby has a genetic condition.

63. Physical Changes Skip period/spotting Tender enlarged breasts
Increased urination
Emotional
Heightened senses
Morning sickness
Cravings
Fatigue
Constipation
Uterus/abdomen expand (pushes on bladder/lungs)
Stretch marks/varicose veins
Weight gain

64. Weight Breakdown: 25-35 lbs is NORMAL!!
Blood = 3 lbs
Breast tissue = 2 lbs
Uterus = 2 lbs
Baby = 7.5 lbs
Placenta = 1.5 lbs
Amniotic Fluid = 2 lbs
Fat = 7 lbs
Retained H2o = 4 lbs