1. Geog 192 – Urban GIS Applications
Lecturer - Jun Liang
Department of Geography, Chapel Hill
January 12th, 2005
2018/9/17
Jun Liang, UNC

2. Jun Liang, Geography @ UNC
UNC GIS Resources
Check
Data
Software
Hardware
People
UNC Computing Environment
ONYEN, AFS, Web Space, FTP, Mass Storage Space.
2018/9/17
Jun Liang, UNC

3. Lecture 1 - Introduction
1-1 The architecture of a GIS
Data Collection, input and correction
Storage and retrieval
Manipulation and analysis
Output and reporting
Example – allocation, new hospital site selection; crime pattern simulation; power shortage diagnosis.
2018/9/17
Jun Liang, UNC

4. Jun Liang, Geography @ UNC
1-2 Intelligent GIS
Backbone of GIS – The third component in GIS’s architecture (Data manipulation and analysis.)
Objective of applying GIS to research /business /government management: better understanding, better planning (spatial decision support system).
How? Need to integrate geographical information systems technology with geographical modelling techniques.
2018/9/17
Jun Liang, UNC

5. Jun Liang, Geography @ UNC
1-3 Spatial Analysis
Various application fields VS. various spatial analysis techniques
Urban application fields:
Transportation
Crime
Market analysis
Health-care
Migration, etc.
2018/9/17
Jun Liang, UNC

6. 1-3 Spatial Analysis (Cont.)
Spatial analysis techniques:
Basic operations (overlay, buffer, neighborhood functions, etc.)
Spatial interaction modelling (Gravity model, diffusion model, etc.)
Network models.
Spatial statistics.
Simulation models (Cellular Automata.)
2018/9/17
Jun Liang, UNC

7. 1-3 Spatial Analysis (Cont.)
Make decisions – which spatial technique /techniques should I choose for my project?
Problem A (transportation)
Spatial Interaction Models
Problem B (health-care)
Network models
Problem c (market research)
Basic Spatial Operations
2018/9/17
Jun Liang, UNC

8. 1-3 Spatial Analysis (Cont.)
Integration of spatial models and GIS
Loose-couple
Tight-couple
Question:
Software Limitation.
Abilities of coding.
2018/9/17
Jun Liang, UNC

9. Jun Liang, Geography @ UNC
1-4 Spatial Data
Spatial objects:
point, line, area and surface.
Digital formats (data structures) for managing spatial objects (captured, stored, retrieved and analyzed):
- vector, raster and TIN (triangulated irregular network.)
2018/9/17
Jun Liang, UNC

10. Jun Liang, Geography @ UNC
1-4 Spatial Data (Cont.)
How do spatial objects link to their attributes (for vector data)? (ID)
They usually are not stored together, and linked through common identification number.
Example: Land-use map.
And, how you link your attribute data to a base map?
2018/9/17
Jun Liang, UNC

11. Jun Liang, Geography @ UNC
1-5 New Technologies
New techs impact GIS:
Wireless
GPS
High speed Internet
Database
Example:
Transportation with the aids of GIS and GPS
Potential product – Bus Stop Information Board
2018/9/17
Jun Liang, UNC