1. The Northern Renaissance
Chapter 17
Section 2

2. Key Terms
Utopia
William Shakespeare
Johann Gutenberg

3. The Renaissance Spread North
Trading networks spread across northern Europe
Hanseatic League dominated trade
1200’s to 1400’s protected against pirates
Built lighthouses
Trained ship captains

4. The Renaissance Spreads North
Spread by Italian artists
Fled to northern Europe to avoid clashes between monarchs
Brought humanist ideas and new painting techniques
Northern scholars traveled to Italy
Universities established in France, Germany, Netherlands

5. A Book Revolution Johannes Gutenberg made the printing press
Used Chinese system- letters on a plate then locked into a press
Moveable type, text could be quickly printed on both sides of the paper

7. A Book Revolution Produced books faster and cheaper
First publication was a 1,282 page Bible
Within 35 years his presses were as far away as Constantinople
Printed books provide more access to new ideas
People learned to read

8. Philosophers and Writers
Desiderius Erasmus-leading Christian humanists
Priest in the Netherlands
Wrote about the need for a pure and simple Christian life
Stripped of rituals and politics of the church on earth
Advised to educate children

9. Philosophers and Writers
Fanned the flames of discontent in the Church
His works were censored in Paris and condemned by the Church
Praise of Folly his most famous work

10. Sir Thomas More Humanism introduced to England by Italians
More became friends with Erasmus
More wrote Utopia
Read across Europe
Criticizes the English government and society and a vision of a perfect society
It was a non-existent society based on reason

12. William Shakespeare Greatest English playwright
Drew inspiration from ancient works
Wide understanding of natural science and humanist topics
Used language and choice of themes
Made plays appeal to uneducated people

13. William Shakespeare
Helped spread the ideas of Renaissance to mass audiences
Shift from religious morality
Focused on lives of realistic characters
Public theatres built by 1500’s
Theatres could hold 2,000 people

15. Christine de Pisan Works focused on the roles of women
Grew up in the French court
Was widowed turned to writing
Poetry, biography of Charles IV, works to guide women to proper morality

16. Artists Adopted Italian techniques More realistic view of humanity
Albrecht Durer visited Italy
His works were oil paintings
Characterized northern Europe

17. Artists Reproduced the texture of wood
Reflection of objects in a room in a mirror
Scenes outside a window
Other tiny details

19. Artists Northern Netherlands (Flanders) developed their own style
Flemish School 1400’s
Perfected by Jan van Eyck’s work
Focused on landscapes and domestic life
Fused the everyday with religious

21. Artists
Use of symbolism
Single lit candle of light streaming in a window represented God’s presence
Hans Holbein used objects as symbols to characterize the subjects of his portraits

22. Artists 1500’s Pieter Brueghel (Flemish Artist)
Used Italian techniques
Subject matter followed northern artists
Showed scenes from everyday peasant life
Different from the mythical creatures of the Italian Artists