1. Questions
What was the ⅗ Compromise about
slavery
tobacco farming
representation in Congress
2,. Mercantilism
a. grew from Enlightenment and Great Awakening ideas
b. inspired most colonists to become more loyal to the king
c. placed pressure on colonists to produce cheap materials
d. was the system where colonies supplied the mother country with raw materials to make finished goods
3.. At the First Constitutional Convention, colonists
a. declared war on Great Britain
b. ended boycott on British goods
c. demanded that King George III restore their rights
d. signed the Declaration of Independence
4.. Who wrote Common Sense?
a. Thomas Paine c. John Locke
b. James Madison d. Ben Franklin
Common law is based on
a. precedents c. laws passed by Congress
b. Presidential decree d. Supreme Court decision

2. The Building Blocks of America

3. Magna Carta
In 1215, a group of English nobles rebelled against King John and forced him to sign the Magna Carta
The document protected their rights and granted them and all English people right to equal treatment under the law and a jury of one’s peers

4. The Glorious Revolution
After the Magna Carta, a group started meeting with the king to give their opinion on matters. They became known as Parliament
Grew to include common people
Proved they had more power than the monarch by throwing out King James II and putting William and Mary in charge

5. English Bill of Rights
1689
Monarch can’t raise taxes without Parliament saying so
Granted all British citizens:
Right to free elections to Parliament
Right to a fair trial
Elimination of cruel and unusual punishment

6. Common Law
Decisions are based on precedents (what had been done before) instead of written laws
Started in England and is still what we base our property, contract, and personal injury laws on

7. Enlightenment
Cultural movement in England during the 1600s that is the basis of many of our political and legal traditions
Natural Rights- people are born free, equal and independent with the rights to life, liberty and property
John Locke
Social Contract- people in a society give up part of their freedom to a government in exchange for natural rights protected by said government
Jean-Jacques Rousseau

8. Fundamental Orders Written by a group in Connecticut in 1639
America’s first written Constitution
Called for:
Assembly of elected representatives from each town to make laws
Popular election of judges and governors

9. Mayflower Compact
The pilgrims of Mayflower set up a set of rules to govern themselves and established a government
Signed by the 41 men onboard in 1620
Established a tradition of direct democracy in New England
Mostly Puritans an offshoot of the Anglican Church

10. The American Colonies

11. Colonies Group of people in one place ruled by an outside power
US colonies were started by joint-stock companies who wanted to get rich off the natural resources of the New World
In charters, King James I granted these companies land in exchange for part of the profit

12. Jamestown Investment of the Virginia Company
Original mission was to find gold
Many died of disease and starvation in the first few years
Eventually tobacco is discovered and becomes the main cash crop

13. New England Started with Plymoth
Boston is founded in 1630 and quickly becomes a major shipping center
Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire
Major Industry: Shipbuilding, timber, fishing, rum

14. Middle Colonies New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Pennsylvania
New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania were proprietary colonies, ruled by people with the land grant
Major Industries: Wheat, Iron,

15. Southern Colonies Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina
Tidewater regions of North Carolina and Virginia grow a lot of tobacco and rice
Major Industries: tobacco, rice, indigo

16. Georgia Started out a penal colony for people in debt or the poor
Protected the other colonies from attack by the Spanish in Florida

17. Indentured Servitude
System that allowed the poor to come to America and work off the cost of their ticket
A landowner would pay for the person to come over and in exchange they would get five to seven years of free labor
If they survived the period of servitude, they would get their own farm provided by the landowner

18. African Slavery Arrives
As more indentured servants are surviving, the landowners need another solution
They start bringing over African slaves to work on their plantations
The Africans do not get the rights of a colonist and don’t have to be provided with land

19. Triangular Trade
Colonists ship rum to Africa ->Africans trade the rum for slaves -> Slaves are traded in the West Indies for sugar and molasses to make more rum in the colonies

20. Colonies Pull Away

21. The Great Awakening
Period of extreme religious feelings in the colonies
Stressed the importance of personal religious experiences
Baptist and Methodist churches are formed
Harvard, William and Mary, and Princeton are established to train ministers

22. Mercantilism
Colonies produce goods and raw materials for the benefit of the mother country
Great Britain passed the Navigation Act to put this idea into practice

23. French Indian War
Series of battles fought between the French and British in America over land
Britain won and the Proclamation of 1763 was passed
Set aside all land west of the Appalachian Mountains for Native American use

24. Albany Plan of Union Ben Franklin’s idea 1754
First attempt to make a unified government over all 13 colonies

25. Quartering Act
Required colonists to house and feed British troops

26. Stamp Act of 1765 Tax on all paper goods and legal documents
Sons of Liberty are formed to protest
Nine states got together to protested and Britain repealed (got rid of) the act

27. Declaratory Acts Passed day that Stamp Acts were repealed
Said that the King and England had the right to tax and make all decisions for the colonies

28. Townshend Acts Fancy name is a writ of assistance
Allowed customs officials to search anywhere they thought could be holding smuggled goods
Tax on glass, paint, oil, lead, paper, and tea
Angered colonists and riots like the Boston Massacre broke out

29. Tea Act
Gave the British East India Company the right to ship tea into the colonies without paying many taxes
Mad colonists dumped 324 casks of tea into the Boston Harbor in protest=Boston Tea Party

30. Coercive Acts Colonists called them the Intolerable Acts
Severely restricted the colonists civil rights including the right to trial by jury
Designed to try and stop groups like the Sons of Liberty

31. First Continental Congress
September 1774
State delegates met and sent a letter to King George saying that if he didn’t immediately remove the restrictions on the colonies they would boycott British goods

32. Lexington and Concord
Because of the First Continental Congress, British troops fired on colonial militias in Massachusetts
Made many colonists question their loyalty to Great Britain

33. Thomas Paine’s Common Sense
Pamphlet released that called for independence from Britain
Published January 1776

34. Second Continental Congress
Thomas Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence is signed on July 4, 1776
List of complaints against the British government for restricting the colonies
Said that the point of a government is to protect its people and the people have the right to rebel if the government doesn’t serve their needs