1. Electric Buses in rural areas - Challenges by long distances Dr
Electric Buses in rural areas Challenges by long distances Dr. Johannes Theissen

2. The future in Transport is electric:
All are electric: Cars, Buses, Carsharing, Bikes, Trams and Trains, Police

3. Chapter 1: Introduction
Electric buses are used in the world over 100 years. The first Trolleybus service was opened in Paris at More than 800 cities worldwide used this system, nowadays are more than 300 trolleybus networks in operation. The high costs for installing trolley wires and resistance of citizens against this wires promoted the development of battery buses in the last 50 years.
Trolleybuses 1901/1933/2015

4. Chapter 1: Introduction
In Germany a test fleet of 22 buses with 1-axle trailers was delivered in 1975 for PT use in Duesseldorf and Moenchengladbach In 21st century Chinese Manufacturer created a lot of different electric buses for GHG-free public transport. Starting at EXPO 2010 more than 120 E-buses were used in Shanghai with opportuny charging at the stops. Nowadays more than 2,000 E-buses are running in Chinese cities
MAN BEV 1975, BYD BEV 2011

5. Buses are available ín different sizes:
Midi buses (e.g. Solaris, Rampini, Bredamarinibus, SOR, PVI)
12m buses: e.g. EBE Europe,
Solaris, Sileo, VDL, Ebusco, BYD, Foton
18 articulated buses (e.g. VDL, Sileo, BYD
and Dubble Decker (BYD)

6. Chapter 2: From city to region
A lot of projects were realised in the last five years in cities (e.g. London, Stockholm, Malmoe, Torino, Bonn, Braunschweig, Dresden, Amsterdam).
But this were all projects in cities with high density of traffic and passengers.
The “Ostfriesland-Project” is the first study to bring E-bus services to a rural area.

7. The region Ostfriesland – Emsland is located between the rivers Ems and Weser.
Boundaries are the Netherlands in the west and the North Sea with seven islands, called „Ostfriesische Inseln“
Emsland

8. team red Germany won the tender
Chapter 2: From city to region
The political board of VEJ (public transport agency for the region) decided to commission an feasibility study to check the possibilities for electric bus services in regional transport, also in border-crossing connections to the Netherlands
team red Germany won the tender
From November 2014 up to April 2015 we analysed the public transport net and explored the region.
In three workshops we discussed the facts and findings with transport operators and politicians

9. Chapter 2: From city to region
Founded by the INTERREG IV A program EDR (Ems-Dollart Region) a transnational study, covering also the Dutch provinces Groningen and Drenthe, was started to check possibilities for electric buses in both countries.

10. The feasibilty study was presented in April 2015
Chapter 2: From city to region
At 21st of January we presented the first results of our study and were mandated to investigate four lines in a feasibility study
The feasibilty study was presented in April 2015

11. Some results of the feasibility study (1):
Chapter 2: From city to region
Some results of the feasibility study (1):
Some rounds of buses are daily more than 600 km
2 turning points are behind the dyke in often flooded area
The region wanted a new line between Wilhelmshaven in the East and Emden in the West to connect this cities in regular service with the new EEZ in Aurich (EEZ = Energy, Education and Experience Center), this connection will be possible

12. Some results of the feasibility study (2):
Chapter 2: From city to region
Some results of the feasibility study (2):
Wind power will be available for charging (e.g. at the EEZ in Aurich)
The cross border line between Meppen (DE) and Emmen (NL) was part of study
The province of Groningen decided to prefer fuel cell buses
All private bus operators were very interested in the project

13. Some results of the feasibility study (3):
Chapter 2: From city to region
Some results of the feasibility study (3):
Notes:
Red: Meppen – Emmen
Green: Cost line Norden – Harlesiel
Blue: Leer – Aurich – Bensersiel
Yellow: EEZ line Wilhelmshaven – Aurich - Emden

14. Some results of the feasibility study (4):
Chapter 2: From city to region
Some results of the feasibility study (4):
This lines were deeper examined in study:
EEZ-Linie 480 (new) Wilhelmshaven – Jever – EEZ - Aurich ZOB - Emden
Cost line Norddeich/Norden – Esens – Bensersiel - Harlesiel
Line 460/473 Leer – Aurich – EEZ - Bensersiel
Line 922 Meppen (DE) – Emmen (NL)
Linie 163 Groningen Hoofdstation – Holwerd Haven

15. Some results of the feasibility study (5): Example line 460/473:
Chapter 2: From city to region
Some results of the feasibility study (5):
Example line 460/473:
Courses
Time of operation
Length of course 1
05:35 – 23:20
634,8 Km 2
06:35 – 20:20
456,8 Km 3
08:35 – 22:20 4
06:10 – 09:20, 13:35 – 15:25
200,0 Km

16. Some results of the feasibility study (6): Example line 460/473:
Chapter 2: From city to region
Some results of the feasibility study (6):
Example line 460/473:
- Wind energy direct to the bus
- The EEZ in Aurich
- Final stop in Bensersiel behind the dyke

17. Some results of the feasibility study (7):
Chapter 2: From city to region
Some results of the feasibility study (7):
Total costs for first step of implementation
Line
Buses
Vehicle costs
Charging infra- structure
Cables etc.
Total
480 5 € € € €
460/ 473 4 € € €
Cost line € €
922 1 € € € €
Total: 15 € € € €

18. Kostenvergleich Diesel- / Elektrobus (Quelle: BYD 2011)

19. Final results of the study :
It is possible to establish an E-Bus system in the VEJ region
Electric buses and charging infrastructure are available
The checked lines are suitable for electric buses
Service by electric buses is possible in rural areas
The costs for service by E-Bus will be cheaper than by conventional buses (life cycle costs)
Subsidies from German State and EU funds will be available

20. Next steps from idea to implementation:
The board of VEJ has to decide to implement a company to buy the buses
The net has to be optimised for e-bus services
The operators have be convinced to rent the e-buses from the VEJ

21. Some examples of E-Buses:
Electric buses from VDL, Sileo, Volvo, SOR, Ebusco, BYD and Ebus Europe

22. Some examples of E-Bus infrastructure:
High Power charging (Siemens), Inductive charging (Bombardier) and charging by cable (BYD)

23. Thank you for your attention. Dr
Thank you for your attention! Dr. Johannes Theissen phone mobil team red Deutschland GmbH CEO Dr. Bodo Schwieger Almstadtstr. 7, Berlin phone Fax: