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Immigration & Urbanization.

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Presentation on theme: "Immigration & Urbanization."— Presentation transcript:

1 Immigration & Urbanization

2 A. Immigration of the Gilded Age

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4 “New Immigrants” Immigrants coming from new countries
Italy Russia Austro-Hungarian Empire Very different religions and cultural backgrounds Were seen as lower level “races” than Western European immigrants 1880’s – 19% of immigrants 1900 – 66% of immigrants 25% of the immigrants will return home

5 Why were they coming? Population of the Old World growing rapidly
American Food Exports Industrialization 60 million Europeans will be uprooted Half will come to the U.S. with “America Fever” Many came for the idea of the “land of opportunity” Some came to escape religious persecutions Jews

6 Immigration on the West Coast
Mainly Chinese immigrants Some Japanese 1870’s on Chinese families now immigrating Faced horrible discrimination Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) – 1st time a race is barred from entering the U.S.

7 Fighting Exclusion U.S. v. Wong Kim Ark(1898)
Fought for 14th amendment rights Set an important legal precedent for citizenship If you were born here you were a CITIZEN But Exclusion still legal

8 Ellis Island (1892) Main processing facility on the East Coast
Processed 70% of all immigrants Had medical inspections Sent home any undesirables (2%)

9 Angel Island West Coast Ellis Island
Would hold the Chinese appealing the Exclusion Act

10 The Immigrant Lifestyle
Ethnic Neighborhoods Tried to preserve traditional cultures Speaking native languages Established their own schools Had businesses that catered to just them Low Wages, Unskilled Labor source Used as “Scabs” Mulberry Street Bend 1900 “Little Italy” Children will lose the traditional culture and become more mainstreamed

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12 The Nativist Reaction? Anglo-Saxon Americans feared being outbred and outvoted Saw New Immigrants as scum 1882 law began restricting immigration American Protective Association (1887) In 1886 the Statue of Liberty given to the U.S Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, the wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door!

13 Immigrant Advocates Tammany Hall and other Political Machines
Helped immigrants find jobs and become citizens Settlement Houses Helped immigrants adjust to life in the United States Ex: Jane Addams’ Hull House

14 B. Urbanization of the Gilded Age

15 Urban Growth:

16 Characteristics Megapolis - Sprawling Urban Area
- Grew both up and out - 1st Skyscraper built in Chicago in 1885

17 Mass Transit - Sprawling suburbs needed to connect to city centers - Electric Trolley - Bridges

18 3. Economic and Social Opportunities
- Jobs attracted people to the cities - Urban lifestyle was very attractive - Electricity, Indoor Plumbing, Telephones - Department stores (Macy’s)

19 Pronounced Class Distinctions
- Wealthy had their own distinct neighborhoods - Poor lived in the “Slums” in buildings called tenements

20 Immigrant Family Lodgings

21 - Most tenements were overcrowded, had poor ventilation and were dangerous
- 1879, NYC passed the Dumbbell Tenement Plan to try to improve conditions

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23 Squalid Living Conditions
- No waste in the countryside - LOTS of waste in the cities - Impure water, uncollected garbage, unwashed bodies, and animal droppings littered the cities - Led to the spread of diseases like cholera and tuberculosis

24 - Jacob Riis How the Other Half Lives tried to expose the squalid living conditions
Five Cent Lodgings Bandit’s Roost

25 New Opportunities for Women
Political Machines Ethnic Neighborhoods

26 Amusement in the Cities
More Americans have more leisure time Want to find amusement Vaudeville Circus Professional Sports Baseball Games Croquet Bicycles


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