1. Psychology in Everyday Life
David G. Myers and C. Nathan DeWall
Psychology in Everyday Life
Third Edition
Chapter 11
Personality
Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

2. Icebergs hide most of their bulk beneath the surface of the water
Icebergs hide most of their bulk beneath the surface of the water. Psychologists often use this image to show Freud’s idea that the mind is mostly hidden beneath the surface of our awareness. Unlike the parts of a frozen iceberg, however, the id, ego, and superego interact.
Figure Freud’s idea of the mind’s structure David G. Myers and C. Nathan DeWall: Psychology in Everyday Life, Third Edition Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

3. Table 11. 1 Freud’s Psychosexual Stages David G. Myers and C
Table Freud’s Psychosexual Stages David G. Myers and C. Nathan DeWall: Psychology in Everyday Life, Third Edition Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

4. Table 11. 2 Six Defense Mechanisms David G. Myers and C
Table Six Defense Mechanisms David G. Myers and C. Nathan DeWall: Psychology in Everyday Life, Third Edition Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

5. Spencer Grant/Science Source
In this projective test, people tell what they see in a series of symmetrical inkblots. Some who use this test are confident that the interpretation of unclear images will reveal unconscious parts of the test-taker’s personality.
Figure The Rorschach test David G. Myers and C. Nathan DeWall: Psychology in Everyday Life, Third Edition Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

6. AP Photo/Jean-Marc Bouju
Andrew Innerarity / REUTERS
Mapmakers can tell us a lot by using two axes (north–south and east–west). Two primary personality factors (extraversion–introversion and stability–instability) are similarly useful as axes for describing personality variation. Varying combinations define other, more specific traits. (From Eysenck & Eysenck, 1963.) Those who are naturally introverted, such as primatologist Jane Goodall, may be particularly gifted in field studies. Successful politicians, including former U.S. President Bill Clinton, are often natural extraverts.
Figure Two personality factors David G. Myers and C. Nathan DeWall: Psychology in Everyday Life, Third Edition Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

7. Steve Wisbauer/Getty Images
Table The “Big Five” Personality Factors David G. Myers and C. Nathan DeWall: Psychology in Everyday Life, Third Edition Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

8. Figure The biopsychosocial approach to the study of personality David G. Myers and C. Nathan DeWall: Psychology in Everyday Life, Third Edition Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

9. Table 11. 4 Comparing the Major Personality Theories David G
Table Comparing the Major Personality Theories David G. Myers and C. Nathan DeWall: Psychology in Everyday Life, Third Edition Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

10. Americans’ individualist tendencies are reflected in their choice of names for their babies. In recent years, the percentage of American babies receiving one of that year’s 10 most common names has plunged. (Adapted from Twenge et al., 2010.)
Figure A child like no other David G. Myers and C. Nathan DeWall: Psychology in Everyday Life, Third Edition Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

11. Table Value Contrasts Between Individualism and Collectivism David G. Myers and C. Nathan DeWall: Psychology in Everyday Life, Third Edition Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers