1. Carbon in Life and Materials
Chapter 9
Carbon in Life and Materials

2. Warm Up ( )
Write down everything you know about the element Carbon.
Try to be as specific as possible.

3. Outline
Objectives
Read Ch. 9
Notes Ch. 9

4. Objectives
Students will be able to explain how carbon is important for life.
Students will be able to identify which organisms contain carbon and the benefits that carbon provides those organisms.

5. Warm Up ( )
Why can carbon form many different compounds? What is so special about this element that allows it to do so?

6. Outline
Objectives
9.2 notes

7. Objectives
Students will explain the importance of carbon in living things
Students will be able to identify the different structures of carbon molecules.

8. 9.1 Carbon based molecules have many structures
Living and nonliving things contain carbon
Carbon is the most important element for life
Organic Compound: based on carbon. Often contains CHNOPS
Inorganic Compound: typically compounds without carbon
Except diamond, graphite, cyanides, carbon dioxide, and carbonates

9. Carbon forms many different compounds
Carbon bonded with Carbon can form either single, double, or triple bonds
C-C C=C C=-C
Carbon always shares 4 pairs of electrons in 4 covalent bonds
Carbon forms only a single bond with Hydrogen

10. Carbon based molecules have different structures
Carbon chains
Straight Chained: All of the bonds occur in a straight line
C-C-C-C-C-C-C-CH-C
Branched Chain: additional carbon atoms or chains are bonded to an original straight chain
(Draw the picture of a branched chain molecule)

11. Carbon Rings
Carbon molecules shaped like a ring, typically contain 5-6 carbon atoms
Carbon rings containing more than 20 Carbon atoms do not naturally occur
There are different types of ring structures
Benzene is the most important because many structures are based off the Benzene ring
Aromatic compounds – based on the Benzene structure have a strong smell
Vanillin

12. Isomers: compounds that contain the same atoms but in different places
End up with different substances because of the different structures
Ex. Butane and Isobutane
Ex. Retinol in eyes becomes and isomer when hit with light = triggers signal to brain = sight

13. Summarize 9.1 You are to summarize chapter 9 section1.
Please include the following in your summary
What is the importance of carbon in living things
Describe how carbon can form many different compounds
Identify different structures of carbon-based molecules
Demonstrate and explain how two carbon atoms can form different numbers of bonds

14. Warm Up (3-1-16)
What is the difference between organic and inorganic molecules?

15. Outline Objectives Summarize 9.1 Sweet Crackers
Investigate organic molecules!

16. Objectives
Students will investigate which materials contain organic molecules by conducting the lab
Students will be able to explain the difference between organic and inorganic molecules

17. Summarize 9.1 You are to summarize chapter 9 section1.
Please include the following in your summary
What is the importance of carbon in living things
Describe how carbon can form many different compounds
Identify different structures of carbon-based molecules
Demonstrate and explain how two carbon atoms can form different numbers of bonds

18. Organic vs. Inorganic Molecules

19. p. 282 Carbon in Food
Prediction: Answer the question – How can you see the carbon in food?
Observations : You will need to make a table to write down your observations for the marshmallow and the carrot
Carrot
Marshmallow

20. p. 282 Carbon in Food What do you think?
Answer the what do you think questions in your composition notebooks using complete sentences.

21. Sweet Crackers!!
Why did this happen?

22. Warm Up (3-2-16)
What are the four major types of carbon-based compounds that are necessary for living things?

23. Outline
Objectives
Summarizing the Chapter – Chapter 9

24. Objectives
Students will be able to summarize the importance of carbon for living things
Students will be able to identify the four major types of carbon based molecules necessary for life.
Students will explain the characteristics of the four major types of carbon based molecules necessary for life.

25. Macromolecule posters
You are going to work in 4 groups to create a poster for a specific carbon-based compound necessary for life.
You need to include the following on your poster
Name of your carbon compound
Definition for your compound
Vocab words included in your section
Key ideas in your section
Examples of your compound
Drawings of examples of your compound
Drawings of structures of your compound (if applicable)

26. Carbohydrates

27. Lipids

28. Amino Acids

29. Nucleic Acids

30. Warm Up (3-3-16)
Explain how organic and inorganic compounds are important for life. Be specific when identifying which compounds are organic and which are inorganic.
Give a specific example of each and explain how it is important to life.

31. Outline
Objectives
9.3 Notes
9.3 Questions

32. Objectives
Students will be able to summarize the importance of carbon for living things
Students will be able to identify the four major types of carbon based molecules necessary for life.
Students will explain the characteristics of the four major types of carbon based molecules necessary for life.

33. 9.2 Carbon-based molecules are life’s building blocks
Carbon-based molecules have many functions in living things
CHNOPS
Marcomolecules – very large molecules

34. Living things contain four major types of carbon-based molecules
Carbohydrates: sugars, starches, and cellulose
Contain atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Two main functions
Source of chemical energy for cells in many living things
Part of the structural materials of plants

35. Lipids: include fats and oils and are used mainly for energy and as structural materials in living things
Most are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Saturated fats – all atoms form single bonds with each other
Unsaturated fats – at least one atom forms a double bond with another

36. Proteins: marcomolecules that are made of smaller molecules called amino acid
Contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Also contain nitrogen, sulfur and other elements
Have many different functions
20 amino acids make up all the proteins of the human body
Function of the protein depends on structure
Enzyme – a catalyst for a chemical reaction in living things – increase rate of chemical reaction

37. Nucleic Acids: huge, complex carbon-based molecules that contain the information that cells use to make proteins
DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid
RNA: ribonucleic acid

38. Warm Up (3-4-16)
Identify how carbon is important to us as humans. Be specific and think of all of the different ways humans use carbon.

39. Outline
Objectives
Chapter 9 summaries
Review Chapter 9

40. Objectives
Students will be able to summarize the importance of carbon for living things
Students will be able to identify the four major types of carbon based molecules necessary for life.
Students will explain the characteristics of the four major types of carbon based molecules necessary for life.

41. 9.3 Carbon-based molecules are in many materials
Carbon-based compounds from ancient organisms are used to make new materials
Hydrocarbon – a compound made of only carbon and hydrogen
Draw the Carbon Cycle picture in your notes!! Pg. 292

42. 9.3 Notes

43. Polymers contain repeating carbon-based units
Polymers – very large carbon-based molecules made of smaller, repeating units
Monomers – small repeating units linked together one after another to form a polymer
Properties of a polymer depend on the size and structure of the polymer molecule which depends both on the type of monomers it is made of and how many monomers there are
Plastic – a polymer that can be molded or shaped

44. Polymer
Monomer
plastic

45. Chapter 9 Summaries What are the main points from each section?
What examples do you need to add?

46. Summary Questions Section 9.1 Section 9.2 Section 9.3
Why can carbon atoms form a large number of molecules with different structures such as chains, rings, and isomers?
Section 9.2
Give an example of how each of the four carbon-based macromolecules is used in the body
Section 9.3
How are polymers made?

47. Warm Up (3-7-16)
Explain what the following key concepts mean. Use details from this chapter and your notes
Carbon-based molecules have many structures.
Carbon-based molecules are life’s building blocks.
Carbon-based molecules are in many materials.

48. Outline
Objectives
Steps for refining petroleum

49. Objectives
Students will be able to summarize the importance of carbon for living things
Students will be able to identify the four major types of carbon based molecules necessary for life.
Students will explain the characteristics of the four major types of carbon based molecules necessary for life.

55. Warm Up (3-8-16)
Explain what the process is for using petroleum. Use the three steps mentioned in your book and add in personal experiences.

56. Outline
Objectives
Steps for refining petroleum

57. Objectives
Students will be able to summarize the importance of carbon for living things
Students will be able to identify the four major types of carbon based molecules necessary for life.
Students will explain the characteristics of the four major types of carbon based molecules necessary for life.

58. Chapter 9 Summative Assessment
Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper.
I want to test your knowledge and see how well you can explain the key concepts that this chapter was about and that we talked about during this chapter.

59. Chapter 9 Summative Assessment
Why can carbon atoms form a large number of molecules with different structures such as chains, rings, and isomers?
Give an example of how each of the four carbon-based macromolecules is used in the body.
Explain how polymers are made, and include an example of a polymer.

60. Chapter 9 Summative Assessment
Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper in complete sentences where necessary.
Compare and contrast a straight chain carbon molecule from a branched chain carbon molecule. Hexane is a molecule with the formula C6H14. Draw a straight chain and a branched chain of hexane.
Explain how the nucleic acid DNA is involved in making proteins. Use the terms sequence, bases, and amino acids in your response.
Explain the process of refining petroleum.

61. Warm Up (3-9-16)
Explain what motion is in your own words. Please give some examples of motion.

62. Outline Objectives Set up comp notebook
Describing location (x2) p. 313
Chapter 10 motion
10.1 reading
10.1 Section Review Questions

63. Objectives
Students will identify the connection between motion and forces
Students will be able to explain what motion is and provide examples of motion

64. Set up comp. notebooks for a new unit.

65. Explore Location p.313 How do you describe the location of an object
You will be writing all of this in your composition notebooks
Choose an object in the classroom that’s easy to see
Without pointing to, describing, or naming the object, give directions to a classmate for finding it.
What do you think
What kinds of information must you give another person when you are trying to describe a location?

66. 10.1 Section Review Questions
When you finish reading 10.1, please answer the section review questions in your composition notebooks using complete sentences