1. Describe the primary function of the four types of macromolecules
Describe the basic molecular structure of the four types of macromolecules.
Describe the primary function of the four types of macromolecules

2. MACROmolecules
Objective: Compare and contrast the basic molecular structures and primary functions of the four categories of macromolecules
Essential Question: How can the four different macromolecules be distinguished or recognized?

3. Think-pair-share! What do the prefixes “macro” and “micro” mean?
What is a polymer? What is a monomer? How can the prefixes help you decipher the terms?

5. What is your favorite food?
What does it do for your body? Let’s find out!

6. Monomer and Polymers MACROmolecules are POLYMERS
MONOMER is a small molecule that is a single subunit in a much larger molecule
“MONO” = ONE
POLYMERS are LARGE MOLECULES made of MONOMERS (SMALLER MOLECULES) BONDED together.
“POLY” = MANY “MER” = molecules
POLYMERIZATION
POLYMERS
MONOMERS

7. 4 Macromolecules of Life
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acids
All four macromolecules are in living things. They are found in our food because our food comes form living things!! We need food to survive!

8. Most COMMON ELEMENTS in LIVING ORGANISMS
All macromolecules are made up of a CARBON BASE.
CARBON
HYDROGEN EC
NITROGEN
Most COMMON ELEMENTS in LIVING ORGANISMS
OXYGEN
PHOSPHOROUS
SULFUR
CHNOPS

9. Why is Carbon so unique? Each carbon is identical,
they can easily bond with other carbon atoms and carbon bonds with hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur and phosphorus
form long chains or rings.

10. Macromolecules of Life: Carbohydrates
Structure:
composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Rings, 2 hydrogen to 1 carbon
Functions:
Provide fast energy
Short-term energy storage
Structural support in cell wall of plants

11. Macromolecules of Life: Carbohydrates
Monomers of carbohydrates are
Monosaccharides: simple sugars (glucose)
Polysaccharides: complex sugars formed when simple sugars bond to form larger carbohydrates
Include starches, cellulose, glycogen

12. What do you notice? SUGAR!!!!!! Various types: Lactose Fructose
Glucose
Galactose
What do you notice?

14. Carbohydrates provide immediate energy
Carbohydrates provide immediate energy. Example: running races or playing sports

15. Examples of Carbohydrates

16. Macromolecules of Life: Lipids
Structure:
Composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Chains
Function:
Provide long-term energy storage/ waterproof covering
Phospholipids are main component of cell membrane
Used to make hormones

17. Macromolecules of Life: Lipids
Monomers:
Triglyceride= Glycerol and three (3) fatty acids

18. Macromolecules of Life: Lipids
Fatty Acids: chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms
Saturated: contain the maximum number of hydrogen atoms (all bonds between carbon are single bonds)
Unsaturated: contain fewer hydrogen atoms due to presence of double bonds between carbon atoms

19. Examples of Lipids
Examples: FATS, OILS, WAXES, STEROIDS (cholesterol)

20. Macromolecules of Life: Proteins
Structure
Composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen,
Nitrogen and sometimes sulfur
- Form Polypeptide chains
Function:
Protein Shape determines the function
Control reaction rates (enzymes)
Regulate cell processes
Transport substances in/out of cell
Form and move bones/muscles

21. Macromolecules of Life: Proteins
Monomer: amino acids
20 different amino acids combine to make proteins
Proteins differ in number and order of amino acids

22. Why do we need proteins? Muscles, ligaments, tendons, and bones
Without these particular structural proteins, we would look more like this….

23. What do you call a place of worship made out of amino acids?
Examples of Proteins
What do you call a place of worship made out of amino acids?
A cysteine chapel

24. Macromolecules of Life: Nucleic Acid
Structure:
Composed of: Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus
Double helix
Function:
Store and transmit genetic info

25. What washes up on beaches?
Nucleic Acid
Monomers called nucleotides
Made of a sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogen-containing molecules
Two types:
What washes up on beaches?
Nucleotides
DNA stores genetic information.
RNA builds proteins.

26. Check for Understanding
Identify the macromolecule that the picture represents
A) Carbohydrate
B) Protein
C) Lipid
D) Nucleic Acid

27. Check for Understanding
Identify the polymer that the picture represents (write answer on whiteboard!)
Nucleic Acid

28. Check for Understanding
Identify the macromolecule that the picture represents:
A) Lipids
B) Carbohydrates
C) Protein
D) nucleic acid

29. Check for Understanding
Identify the macromolecule that the picture represents
Lipid

30. Check for Understanding
Identify the MONOMER that the picture represents
A) nucleotides
B) fatty acid
C) amino acid
D) monosaccharide

31. Check for Understanding
Identify the MONOMER that the picture represents (write answer on whiteboard!)
Amino Acid
(the monomer of proteins)

32. Check for Understanding
Identify the polymer that the picture represents
A) Carbohydrate
B) Lipid
C) Protein
D) Nucleic Acid

33. Check for Understanding
Identify the polymer that the picture represents (write answer on whiteboard!)
Carbohydrate

34. Questions:
Create three questions, one from each level that you can answer about your notes
Write them down on the Right side of your notebook

35. Flip Book: Macromolecules
Using the materials provided, make a flip-book on the left side summarizing the important concepts for each of the 4 macromolecules discussed..
C- level 2 voice
H- use notes, textbook, and classmates before me
A- complete flipbook for all four macromolecules
M- remain seated in your assigned seat
P- complete your own flipbook and glue to Left Page
SUCCESS
Once you finish write a 3-5 sentence summary of what your learned today on the right side of your notebook

36. Summarize
Write 3-5 COMPLETE sentences summarizing what you learned today
Write on the right side of your notebook

37. Clear your desk of everything but a writing utensil
Exit Ticket
Clear your desk of everything but a writing utensil

38. 1. The diagram below shows the general structure of an amino acid
1. The diagram below shows the general structure of an amino acid. Which type of molecule is formed from amino acids? B
A. lipids
B. proteins
C. carbohydrates
D. nucleic acids

39. 2. You are analyzing a compound in the laboratory
2. You are analyzing a compound in the laboratory. You find that it is made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of two hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom. How will you classify the compound?
A. lipid
B. protein
C. carbohydrate
D. nucleic acid C

40. 3. Fats, oils and cholesterol are all types of what?
A. cell membranes
B. hormones
C. lipids
D. fatty acids C

41. 4. RNA and DNA are which type of macromolecules?
A. carbohydrate
B. lipid
C. nucleic acid
D. protein C

42. 5. A sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base form the building blocks of which organic compound? A. carbohydrates B. lipids C. Protein D. nucleic acids D