1. Industrial Revolution Impacts British Society

2. Impact of the Industrial Revolution
The Impact of coal was the most severe environmental concern that grew out of the Industrial Revolution
Coal was necessary to fuel steam engines that powered factories, trains, and ships
However
The smoke from the fires heavily polluted the air

3. Britain Burning
Urbanized areas experienced acid rain and air pollution due to smog pollution from factories
Respiratory problems
Many died due to smog
Led to studies on the cause and effects of air pollution and marked the beginning of climate change studies

4. Environment and the Arts
Only the rich could leave the city and visit the country to get fresh air
Clean, untouched nature became popular images for artists as it was a stark contrast to the realities of daily life in the overly polluted city

5. Government and Business
During the Industrial Revolution, government was partly controlled by landowners and business owners
Main group to vote and run in elections

6. Laissez-Faire Policy A French phrase meaning “leave it alone”
Government economic policy promoted a business market that was free as possible from government interference

7. Factory Working Conditions
Factory owners wanted to make profits rather than treat employees with respect
Low wages
Unsafe machines in need of repair
No compensation for accidents
Poor air quality
Deafening noise
Long shifts 12 to 16 hours
Disciplined protesting workers

8. Child Labour in the Industrial Revolution
Children put to work and exploited
Useful because their small size and they were cheap labour
Accounted for 15% of the labour force in Britain
more than 1 million
age 7-10
Almost Slaves
Beaten
Low wages
Exposed to pollution and danger

9. Child Labour in the Industrial Revolution
Children were hired from workhouses and employed in factories
Small hands could reach into machines and pick out lose objects
Chimney cleaners hired small boys as they could fit inside the chimneys of large homes and businesses to clean out soot

10. It’s Always About Money
Why were so many children working?
No other choice as poor families needed income
Family sizes were increasing and with that so did costs
No mandatory schooling
Dads often lost due to war, accidents, or epidemics
Demand from business owners

11. Social Structures
In a class system, a person is born into a specific social group
The industrial revolution made differences between social groups more apparent than ever before

12. Upper Class
industrialization allowed individuals to rise from poverty to riches through hard work
estate owners, factory owners, and rich nobles.
fine life with servants and maids to do their housework
They usually lived in the countryside
women usually wore elegant dresses and men wore suits or other fine clothing.

13. Middle Class
 The middle class emerged from the wealth created from industry production
upper middle class
factory owners, doctors, and government employees
lower middle class
skilled workers, toolmakers, and teachers below the university level
lived in the city because they had to work in businesses.

14. Lower Working Class
consisted of labourers that worked in the factories, shops, and other businesses.
suffered the most out of all three classes.
In the coal mines, many women and children died of black lung
In textile factories, children had a high percentage of getting injured by the machines.
They had to work 14 hours a day
no insurance for death/injury

15. Lower Class Living Conditions
Servants
The Poor
Worked in homes of the upper and middle classes
Average upper class homes could have 50 or more servants while middle class had 1
Low wages but food and shelter included
Lived in slums
crowded houses in small, unsanitary streets that had no sewers
Hardest on the sick, disabled and elderly as they could not work
Included many orphaned and/or abandoned children

16. Women in the Industrial Revolution
Able to gain some financial independence with work for the first time
Paid less than men
Women in the countryside usually worked as domestic servants or on farms
Increased number of single parents due to factory accidents