1. SQL 101
3rd Session

2. Functions:
- Character functions
- Number functions  today
- Single Row functions

3. Character Functions:
LOWER UPPER
INITCAP LPAD
RPAD LTRIM
RTRIM TRIM
SUBSTR INSTR
LENGTH in WHERE & GROUP BY clauses
Nested functions Concatenation
REPLACE TRANSLATE
SOUNDEX

4. Number Functions:
ABS SIGN
ROUND TRUNC
FLOOR CEIL
MOD REMAINDER
Floating point numbers Arithmetic operators

5. Single-Row Functions:
NVL COALESCE
NVL2 LNNVL
NULLIF NANVL
DECODE Searched CASE
Simple CASE

6. Number functions....
ABS(value)
SIGN(value)
ROUND(value [, precision])
TRUNC(value [, precision])
SELECT 'The absolute value of -29 is '||ABS(-29)
FROM dual;
SELECT -14, SIGN(-14), SIGN(14), SIGN(0), ABS(-14)
SELECT , ROUND( , 2),
TRUNC( , 1)
FROM dual;
SELECT , ROUND( , -2),
TRUNC( , -1)

7. Round to the number 250
Round to the number
Round to ZERO
Truncate to 200

8. Number functions....
FLOOR(value)
CEIL(value)
MOD(value, divisor)
REMAINDER(value, divisor)
Floating Point Numbers
SELECT FLOOR(22.53), CEIL(22.49), TRUNC(22.5),
ROUND(22.5)
FROM dual;
SELECT MOD(23,8) FROM dual;
SELECT MOD(23,8), REMAINDER(23,8) FROM dual;
Ref:
Floating-Point Numbers
Oracle Database provides two numeric data types exclusively for floating-point numbers: BINARY_FLOAT and BINARY_DOUBLE. These types support all of the basic functionality provided by the NUMBER data type. However, while NUMBER uses decimal precision, BINARY_FLOAT and BINARY_DOUBLE use binary precision, which enables faster arithmetic calculations and usually reduces storage requirements.
BINARY_FLOAT and BINARY_DOUBLE are approximate numeric data types. They store approximate representations of decimal values, rather than exact representations. For example, the value 0.1 cannot be exactly represented by either BINARY_DOUBLE or BINARY_FLOAT. They are frequently used for scientific computations. Their behavior is similar to the data types FLOAT and DOUBLE in Java and XMLSchema.

9. + - * / Number functions.... SELECT DISTINCT(cost), cost + 10,
+ -
* /
SELECT DISTINCT(cost), cost + 10,
cost – 10, cost * 10, cost / 10
FROM course;
SELECT DISTINCT cost + (cost * .10)