1. Welcome back
Lesson 1

2. Updates What is new this year… New teacher – Jane Thomas
Spelling books: for any new words that you are unfamiliar with
Track your learning both in class and at home (replace homework cards)
Slight change to the information packs (now includes information and activities)
What is the same….
Homework due in the beginning of the week: Monday
Wearing of lanyards
Sdcpsychology.weebly.com

3. A2 content Biopsychology Approaches (humanistic/psychopathology)
Schizophrenia
Research methods: every last lesson of the week
After Christmas
Gender
Forensic/Aggression
Issue and debate: every last lesson of the week

4. Homework: due in w/c 18th September
Brain scanning techniques.
You will be given one of the four brain scanning techniques.
Your task is to create a poster (example) on the technique.
The poster must include:
What the technique is (description)
How the technique is used (description)
2 strengths of the technique
2 weaknesses of the technique
Do not just use the information provided in your biopsychology pack

5. VESPA Focus on Vision Do you know what you want to achieve?
Why are you studying A-Levels?
What grades do you want to achieve in your a-Levels?
What careers are you interested in?

6. Localisation of function in the brain
Lesson 1

7. Learning aims and objectives
Localisation of the brain
Explain what is meant by localisation of function
Describe one study investigating localisation of function
Evaluate the extent to which brain functions are localised
Plasticity and functional recovery
Define what is meant by plasticity
Outline and evaluate research into plasticity of the brain
You could have an essay for these topics

8. Localisation of the brain
Localisation of the brain. Brain Models- Playdough using playdough, in pairs create a model of the brain

9. What do you already know about the brain?
How many hemispheres is the brain split in to? 2
Some of our physical and psychological functions are controlled or dominated by a particular hemisphere:
Left hemisphere.
Language processing
Right hemisphere
Recognising emotions, spatial relationships
Hemispheric lateralisation: The lateralisation of brain function is the tendency for some neural functions or cognitive processes to be more dominant in one hemisphere than the other

10. The cerebral cortex, is split in to 4 lobes
Can you name the lobes?
Frontal lobe
Parietal lobe
Occipital lobe
Temporal lobe
Can you correctly label where they are on your model?
Task: go on to 3D brain. Find out the function of each lobe and jot it on to your labels.

11. Assessment Art Gallery
Occipital
lobe
Frontal Lobe
Parietal Lobe
Temporal Lobe

12. Each lobe contain specific areas which control specific functions
Motor cortex (complex movement)
Somatosensory area (sensory information e.g. perceiving touch)
Visual area (visual perception/sent information from the eye)
Wernicke’s area (understanding speech (comprehension)
Auditory area (receives and transmits information about what the sound is and location)
Broca’s area (speech production)
Around the room – stick detailed definitions – match to area

13. Using the arrows for guidance, can you label the areas of the brain
Occipital
lobe
Frontal Lobe
Parietal Lobe
Temporal Lobe

14. Using the arrows for guidance, can you label the areas of the brain
Auditory area
Broca’s area
Motor area
Somatosensory area
Visual area
Wernicke’s area
Occipital
lobe
Frontal Lobe
Parietal Lobe
Temporal Lobe

15. Task
On your table is a more detailed description of the functions of each area. Match the description with the area. Once completed, label your brain diagram (including hemisphere, lobes and areas) and add the additional information on the function of each area.
We have seen how the brain is localised and each are has a specific function – I want to pose these questions to you

16. Is the brain localised or multifunctional throughout?
Question
Is the brain localised or multifunctional throughout?
“Clive Wearing had impaired semantic memory but his procedural memory was unaffected”
“The Case of Phineas Gage recovered as the rest of his brain compensated for the damage.”
“Lashley (1950) conducted work on rat’s brains and did not find a specific area for memory”
“Evidence from individual case studies demonstrate specific deficits such as loss of speech function”

17. Lets vote Convert these into a fraction and percentage
Localisation
Multifunctional (Holistic)
Not sure
Convert these into a fraction and percentage
What graph(s) could I use? Why?
Why might this data not be valid?
How could I improve the validity or reliability of this data?
Lets have a look at how we can support the two opposing theories.

18. Evaluation Supporting Evidence
What do we need to consider first when evaluating theory?
Supporting Evidence

19. Evaluation
Decide whether the evidence supports the brain as being localised or multifunctional

20. Individually…
Describe one study in which localisation of brain function was investigated. Include details of what the psychologists did and what was found. (3 marks) Ensure you use Point, Evidence, Link back
Extension: find someone else in the classroom who described a different study and share your descriptions.
Brain scan evidence of Localisation
Petersen et al (1988) used brain scans to demonstrate how Wenicke’s area was active during a listening task and Broca’s area was active during a reading task. These findings support a theory of localisation as the findings evidence specific areas of the brain having specific and different functions.
Neurosurgical evidence
Surgically removing or destroying areas of the brain to control behaviour was developed in the 1950s. Controversially neurosurgery is still used today to treat extreme cases of psychological disorders. Dougherty et al (2002) reported on 44 OCD patients who had undergone a cingulotomy which is a procedure that lesions the cingulate gyrus. Findings showed a third of patients significantly improved and a further 14% showed partial improvement. The success of these procedures strongly supports that the symptoms and behaviours of mental disorders are localised.

21. 5 minute essay plan
Construct a bullet point essay plan for the following
“ Discuss the extent to which brain functions are localised. Refer to evidence in you answer”
(16 marks)
Essay plan

22. Essay Plan- The Extent to which brain functions are localised
Ao1 Outline- (6 marks = 6 points)
Localisation vs holistic theory - define
Hemispheres of brain (two) and Cerebral Cortex (subdivided into 4 lobes- frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal)
Frontal= motor which controls movement
Parietal= somatosensory which represents sensory info
Occipital= visual cortex sent information from the eye
Temporal= auditory analysing speech- Broca and Wernickes areas
A03 Evaluate (potential content) (10 marks)
Remember- 3 good elaborative points are better than 5 weaker points
Supportive research- Case studies (Phineas Gage/ Clive Wearing)
Supportive research- Neurological studies (Peterson et al)
Evaluation of research- Case study methods   or lab experiments  
Challenging research- Lashey/ Phineas Gage?
Challenging theory- Plasticity
Application- Mental health disorders/ Memory