1. Low Cost Fundus Camera
Sub-systems Review

2. Project Background
A fundus camera is used to photograph the retina to provide information about a patient's eye.
Diabetic retinopathy is a complication associated with diabetes, eventually leading to blindness.
Most people will only see a specialist after damage to the retina has occurred
Used exclusively in an Opthamologist's office
With proper care, patients with retinopathy can reduce their risk of blindness by 95%.
Typically very expensive and heavy
[Ask audience about having any corrective lenses] We are project 16590, the Low Cost Fundus Camera and I am Casey Petzel, the EDGE lead. A fundus camera is typically a medical imaging device to used diagnose diabetic retinopathy, a disease that can cause blindness if not caught early enough. This poses a problem because symptoms are typically noticed after the retina is damaged then where a patient would see an Ophthalmologist. These devices are normally stationary, heavy and mydriadic, a chemical dilation of the eye; something that many people like to stray away from.
After looking at current commercial products and taking aim at the goals of our customer, we have developed what we would like to correct for our fundus camera.

3. Problem Statement
Due to the need for pupil dilation, specialized camera equipment, staff, and facilities, diabetic patients often do not receive regular screenings.
By creating a low-cost, portable, and easy to use fundus camera, screening for retinopathy in diabetic patients can be performed by a general practitioner.
Our goal is to create a light, portable and affordable Fundus camera to be used by a General Practitioner, or trained individual. It is important that this does not use chemicals to dilate the retina. This camera would screen the patient for retinopathy, and should anything look peculiar, the screener would recommend going to an ophthalmologist for an official diagnosis.

4. Functional Decomposition
Image Eye
Save Picture
Stabilize
Attach Camera
Alignment IR
Set Up Mount
Capture Image
Rest Face

5. Concept Generation - Selection Criteria
Low Cost
Safe
Portable
Easy to Use
Secure
Quality
Achievable within our MSD time frame

6. Concept Selection Process - Puegh Table

7. What is the best option for a camera?
Feasibility Analysis
Our question:
What is the best option for a camera?
Considerations:
Cost
Built-in display for GUI
Availability of IR in camera
Quality of image
Need for/compatible illumination solutions
Lens attachments
Ability to mount camera solution (fatigue, wear, machining necessary)
Ease of acquisition

8. ODROID-XU4

9. ODROID-XU4

10. ODROID-XU4

11. ODROID-XU4 Processor Memory Audio USB3.0 Host USB2.0 Host Display
Samsung Exynos5422 ARM® Cortex™-A15 Quad 2.0GHz/Cortex™-A7 Quad 1.4GHz
Memory
2Gbyte LPDDR3 RAM PoP (750Mhz, 12GB/s memory bandwidth, 2x32bit bus)
Audio
HDMI Digital audio output. Optional SPDIF optical output (USB module)
USB3.0 Host
SuperSpeed USB standard A type connector x 2 port
USB2.0 Host
HighSpeed USB standard A type connector x 1 port
Display
HDMI 1.4a with a Type-A connector
Storage (Optional)
eMMC module socket : eMMC 5.0 Flash Storage (up to 64GByte)
MicroSD Card Slot (up to 64GByte)
Power
5V 4A Power
Size
82 x 58 x 22 mm approx. (weight: 60gram including cooling fan approx. 38gram without cooler)

12. ODROID-XU4 Benchmarks (CPU/ RAM)
Benchmarks Score
Raspberry Pi 2
ODROID-C1
ODROID-U3
ODROID-XU4
Dhrystone-2
1006.6
1262.8
2300.7
3994.1
Double-Precision Whetstone (x3)
1076.1
1318.8
2217.9
3074.7
Nbench Integer (x40)
840.0
1208.0
1648.0
2451.1
Nbench FP (x100)
809.0
1050.0
1860.0
2536.9
SysBench CPU (1/T * 50000)
669.3
902.2
1497.0
2891.8
Memory BandWidth (mbw 100: MiB/s)
557.1
1069.6
736.6
3243.8

13. ODROID-XU4 Benchmarks (CPU/ RAM) Cont.

14. See3cam_CU40 Camera
Takes images and video in both IR and visible light.
Sensor details:
OV4682 RGB IR
4MP
USB 3.0
10 pin GPIO header
Interchangeable/Removal Lens
5V Vin

15. See3cam_CU40 Camera

16. OV4682 RGB IR 4MP – 2688 x 1520 Contains RGB and IR pixels
Pixel Size: 2µm x 2µm
5440 x 3072 µm
10-bit RAW data output

17. OV4682 RGB IR

18. OV4682 RGB IR

19. HDMI Screen Previous screen’s ribbon ripped Cheap (<$50)
Sufficient resolution

20. HDMI Screen
Active drivers
Simple solution

21. Resistive Touch Screen
Cheaper
Pressure based
Allows covers
Allows gloves
Decreased Contrast
Low Sensitivity

22. Illumination
Fiber optic lighting?
Very expensive

23. Illumination Currently have board containing LED and IRED lighting
Infrared lighting required to align camera with pupil avoiding dilation
Axial lighting

24. Illumination FDA regulations
Beam standards developed by the International Electrotechnical Commission
Maximum exposure must be below the accepted threshold limits set out in ISO :2007
ISO = International Organization for Standardization

25. Optical System Magnification to focus on the iris for alignment
Additional magnification to capture RGB image of the retina
20- diopter lens to achieve required field of view of retina
Correct level of magnification to reach retina
Located axially with eye, along with IR/RGB camera and equivalent illumination source

26. The App Android - Lollipop 6.0 or KitKat 5.3?
Programming Language - Java!
Software Design Process - Next Phase
Software Requirements - Per-Class, Per-Core Function
How it will work

27. The App Alignment Image Capture IR Control RGB Control
Alignment Assist
Illumination Control
GUI
File Manipulation
Workflow
File Control
Feedback
Settings

28. Mechanical Systems Face Mount Assembly 2D position adjustment system
Vertical position adjustment system
Component Housing

29. Face Mount Assembly

30. Face Mount Assembly Similar design but alternative adjustment method
Complexity
Ease of use
Cost
Material? Consider…
Durability
Potential Problems?

31. Compression Clamp or Screw Assem.

32. 2D Position Adjustment
Potential Problems?

33. Vertical Position Adjustment

34. Component Housing

35. 3 Week Schedule
Task
Assigned To
Due Date
Go over design review notes, create new action items if necessary
Team
10/22/2015
FDA about specific requirements
Kelly
10/23/2015
Discuss purchase orders with Susan
10/27/2015
Design concept mechanical systems in AutoCAD
Ryan/Matt
10/30/2015
Prototype optical solutions
11/3/2015
Begin working on software
Cecelia
11/10/2015
Begin assembling with new components
TBD
Update EDGE with all new materials
Casey
11/18/2015
Detailed design review presentation completed
12/7/2015