1. LEARNING AREA 6 INFORMATION SYSTEM

2. Topic 6.1 - Concepts of Information Systems
6.1.1 Definition

3. 6.1.1 Definition
Give the meaning of data, information and information systems 1 DATA IS A COLLECTION OF UNPROCESSED ITEMS, WHICH CAN INCLUDE TEXT, NUMBERS, IMAGES, AUDIO AND VIDEO.DATA ARE THE RAW, UNPROCESSED FACTS, INCLUDING TEXT, NUMBERS, IMAGES AND SOUND. 2. INFORMATION IS DATA THAT ORGANIZED AND MEANINGFUL TO A SPECIFIC USER. 3. INFORMATION SYSTEMS IS THE COLLECTION OF SOFTWARE, HARDWARE, DATA, PEOPLE AND PROCEDURE INFORMATION AND SUPPORTS USER ACTIVITY IN AN ORGANIZATION. 1. DATA MERUPAKAN KOLEKSI BAHAN MENTAH YANG MENGANDUNGI SAMADA TEKS, NOMBOR, IMEJ, AUDIA DAN VIDEO 2. INFORMASI ADALAH DATA YANG DIURUSKAN DAN BERMAKNA KEPADA PENGGUNA BERKAITAN 3. SYSTEM INFORMASI ADALAH KOLEKSI PERISIAN, PERKAKASAN, DATA MANUSIA DAN INFORMASI BERPROSEDUR DAN MENYOKONG PENGGUNAKAN MELAKUKAN AKTIVITI DI DALAM ORGANISASI

4. 6.1.1 Definition 6.1.2 Usage of Information Systems in Various Fields
GENERAL USAGE
EDUCATION
KEEP TRACK OF STUDENTS STATISTICS AND GRADES
HELP STUDENTS AND TEACHERS IN ONLINE LEARNING AND DISCUSSION.
STORE SUBJECT CONTENT.
BUSINESS
CARRY OUR ONLINE BUYING AND SELLING.
HELP PLAN THE DELIVERY OF GOODS AND SERVICES.
MAKE ROOM BOOKINGS AND FOR CHECKING THE BEST RATES.
MANAGEMENT
SEE EMPLOYEE RECORDS.
ANALYSE PRODUCTS, SERVICES AND PRODUCTS PRICES.
PROCESS CUSTOMER ORDERS, ORGANIZE PRODUCTION TIMES AND KEEP TRACK OF PRODUCT INVENTORY.
LAPANGAN
KEGUNAAN
PELAJARAN
MENYIMPAN GRED DAN STATISTIK MURID
PERNIAGAAN
MENJALANKAN OPERASI TALIAN BERKENAAN PEMBELIAAN DAN PENJUALAN.
MEMBANTU PELAN PENGHANTARAN BARANGAN DAN PERKHIDMATAN.
MENJALANKAN TEMPAHAN SECARA TALIAN
PENGURUSAN
REKOD PEKERJA.
MENGANALISA PRODUK, PERKHIDMATAN DAN
HARGA..
MEMPROSES TEMPAHAN PELANGGAN,
PENGURUSAN MASA DAN INVENTORI PRODUK

5. 6.1.3 Information System Components
List the Information Systems Components
- Data DATA
- Hardware PERKAKASAN
- Software PERISIAN
- People MANUSIA
- Procedure PROSEDUR

6. 6.1.3 Information System Components
Define each of the Information System components 1. HARDWARE IS A COMPUTER APPLIANCE SUCH AS KEYBOARD, MONITOR, UNIT SYSTEMS, MOUSE AND STORAGE THAT IS USED BY PEOPLE TO KEY IN AND DISPLAY DATA. 2. PEOPLE IS COMPUTER USER SUCH AS CLERK, MANAGER, TEACHERS AND OTHER. 3. SOFTWARE IS A PROGRAM USED IN COMPUTER INFORMATION SYSTEMS. 4. DATA IS A RAW MATERIAL OPERATION AND UNPROCESSED SUCH AS NAME, MARKS AND OTHERS. 5. PROCEDURE USER GUIDELINE OF THE FIX SYSTEMS. EXAMPLE USER MANUAL 1. PERKAKASAN PENGGUNAAN KOMPUTER MELALUI KEYBOARD, MONITOR DAN SISTEM UNIT.MOUSE DAN STORAN DIGUNAKAN PENGGUNA UNTUK MENGISI DAN MEMAPAR DATA. 2. MANUSIA ADALAH PENGGUNA KOMPUTER SEPERTI KERANI, PENGURUS, GURU DLL 3. PERISIAN ADALAH PROGRAM YANG DIGUNAKAN DALAM SISTEM MAKLUMAT DATA ADALAH BAHAN MENTAH/ASAS YANG BELUM DIPROSES.SEPERTI NAMA, MARKAH DAN SEBAGAINYA PROSEDUR PANDUAN PENGGUNA. CONTOH: MANUAL PENGGUNAAN

7. 6.1.3 Information System Components
Describe the interrelation between information system components using a diagram.
Software
PERISIAN
Procedure
PROSEDUR
Hardware
PERKAKASANN
People
MANUSIA
Data
DATA
Relationship between elements of Information Systems

8. 6.1.4 Types of Information Systems
List five types of Information Systems
EXECUTIVE INFORMATION SYSTEM (EIS) / EXECUTIVE SUPPORT SYSTEM (ESS)
MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM (MIS)
TRANSACTION PROCESSING SYSTEM (TPS)
DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM (DSS)
EXPERT SYSTEM (ES) / ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENT (AI)

9. 6.1.4 Types of Information Systems
State the usage of each type of Information System
INFORMATION SYSTEM
USAGE
EXECUTIVE INFORMATION SYSTEM
(EIS) /
EXECUTIVE SUPPORT SYSTEM
(ESS)\
SISTEM INFORMASI EKSEKUTIF
SISTEM SOKONGAN EKSEKUTIF
-AN INFORMATION SYSTEM THAT PROVIDES STRATEGIC INFORMATION TAILORED TO THE NEEDS OF TOP MANAGEMENT.
-EIS IS A HIGHLY INTERACTIVE MIS COMBINED WITH DSS AND AI THAT CAN PRESENT, SUMMARIZE, AND ANALYZE DATA FROM ORGANIZATION’S DATABASE.
-ESS IS DESIGNED TO BE EASY TO USE. SO AN EXECUTIVE WITH LITTLE SPARE TIME CAN OBTAIN INFORMATION WITHOUT EXTENSIVE TRAINING.
-EIS ADALAH SISTEM INFORMASI YANG MEMBEKALKAN INFORMASI STRATEGIK UNTUK PENGURUSAN ATASAN
-EIS SANGAT INTERAKTIF DI MANA MIS BERGBUNG DENGAN DSS DAN AI YANG BOLEH MELAKUKAN RUMUSAN DAN MENGANALISA DATA DARIPADA DATABASE PENGURUSAN
EIS DIREKA SUPAYA MUDAH DIGUNAKAN SUPAYA PIHAK PENGURUSAN TIDAK MEMBUANG MASA MEMPELAJARINYA.

10. 6.1.4 Types of Information Systems
State the usage of each type of Information System
INFORMATION SYSTEM
USAGE
MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM
(MIS)
SISTEM INFORMASI PENGURUSAN
AN INFORMATION SYSTEM THAT PRODUCES STANDARDIZED REPORTS IN SUMMARIZED STRUCTURED FORM. MIS SUMMARIZES DATA AND PRESENTS THEM IN REPORTS.
MERUPAKAN SISTEM INFORMASI YANG MEMBEKALKAN LAPORAN TERSUSUN YANG BERSTRUKTUR DARIPADA DATA RUMUSAN MIS DAN MEMPERSEMBAHKANNYA DALAM BENTUK LAPORAN
TRANSACTION PROCESSING SYSTEM
(TPS)
SISTEM PEMPROSESN TRASAKSI
AN INFORMATION THAT HELPS AN ORGANIZATION KEEP TRACK OF DAILY OPERATIONS AND RECORDS THESE EVENTS IN DATABASE. EXAMPLE SALES, PAYROLL, RESERVATIONS, SHIPPING, AND WORKER TRACKING. TPS IS SIMPLY RECORDS DATA.
MERUPAKAN INFORMASI YANG MEMBANTU PENGURUSAN MENGESAN KERJA HAIAN OPERASI DAN MEREKODNYA DALAM DATABASE. CONTOH” GAJI, PENGHANTARAN DAN PENERIMAAN BARANG DANSEBAGAINYA..

11. 6.1.4 Types of Information Systems
State the usage of each type of Information System
INFORMATION SYSTEM
USAGE
DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM (DSS)
SISTEM SOKONGAN KEPUTUSAN
AN INFORMATION SYSTEM THAT ANALYZES BUSINESS DATA AND PRESENTS IT SO THAT USERS CAN MAKE BUSINESS DECISIONS MORE EASILY. DSS ANALYZES DATA
ADALAH SISTEM INFORMASI YANG MENGANALISA DATA PERNIAGAAN DAN MEMPERSEMBAHKANNYA SUPAYA KEPUTUSAN BOLEH DIBUAT..
EXPERT SYSTEM (ES) /
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENT (AI)
SISTEM PAKAR /
KEPINTARAN BUATAN
A TYPE OF APPLICATION PROGRAM THAT MAKES DECISIONS OR SOLVES PROBLEMS IN A PARTICULAR FIELD BY USING KNOWLEDGE AND ANALYTICAL RULES DEFINED BY EXPERTS IN THE FIELD.
MERUPAKAN JENIS PROGRAM APLIKASI YANG MEMBUAT KEPUTUSAN DALAM PELBAGAI LAPANGAN MENGGUNAKAN PENGETAHUAN PAKAR DALAM BIDANG BERKAITAN

12. 6.1.5 Hierarchy of Data
Define bit, byte, field, record, and file
DATABASE CONTAINS FILES, FILE CONTAINS RECORDS, RECORD CONTAINS FIELDS, FIELD CONTAINS BYTE/CHARACTERS AND BYTE CONTAINS BIT.
PANGKALAN DATA MENGANDUNGI FAIL, FAIL MENGANDUNGI REKOD, REKOD MENGANDUNGI BAHAGIAN, BAHAGIAN YANG MENGANDUNGI BAIT/KAREKTOR DAN BAIT YANG MENGANDUNGI BIT

13. 6.1.5 Hierarchy of Data
Define bit, byte, field, record, and file
BIT
COMPUTER STORE INFORMATION IN DIGITAL FORMAT, ON AND OFF CALLED LOGIC 1 AND LOGIC 0. THE SMALLEST ELEMENT IN A COMPUTER IS BIT AND HOLDS EITHER 1 OR 0.
KOMPUTER MENYIMPAN MAKLUMAT DALAM BENTUK DIGITAL, BUKA DAN TUTUP YANG DIPANGGIL LOGIK DAN LOGIK 0. ELEMEN TERKECIL IALAH BIT DAN HANYA MEMEGANG 0 DAN 1
BYTE
COMPUTER USES ONLY ONE BIT THAT CAN HAVE TWO SITUATION EITHER 1 OR 0. IT IS NOT PRACTICAL TO SAVE VAST INFORMATION. THEREFORE MORE THAN 1 BIT IS GATHERED.
ONE BYTE CONSIST OF 8 BITS, AND CAN CONSIST OF 256 VALUES. COMPUTER USES BYTE TO REPRESENT CHARACTER LIKE ‘A’ AND NUMBER ‘3’ AND SYMBOL ‘ *’.
KOMPUTER HANYA MENGGUNAKAN SATU BIT YANG MANA BOLEH ADA 2 SITUASI SAMADA 1 ATAU 0.
SATU BAIT MENANDUNGI 8 BIT DAN BOLEH MENGANDUNGI 256 NILAI. KOMPUTER MENGGUNAKAN BAIT UNTUK MEMPERSEMBAHKAN KAREKTOR SEPERTI ‘A’, ‘3’ DAN ‘SIMBOL’.

14. 6.1.5 Hierarchy of Data
Define bit, byte, field, record, and file
FIELD
COMBINATION OF ONE OR MORE CHARACTER AND IT IS THE SMALLEST UNIT THAT CAN BE RETRIEVED.
KOMBINASI SATU ATAU LEBIH KAREKTOR DAN MERUPAKAN UNIT TERKECIL
RECORD
- COLLECTION OF FIELD.
- ADALAH KOLEKSI BEBERAPA LAPANGAN
FILE
- COLLECTION OF RECORD.
- KOLEKSI BEBERAPA REKOD
DATABASE
COLLECTION OF FILE.
KOLEKSI BEBERAPA FAIL

15. 6.1.5 Hierarchy of Data 6.1.5.2 State the hierarchy of data: Database
Bit
Byte
File
Record
Database
Field

16. 6.1.5 Hierarchy of Data 6.1.5.2 State the hierarchy of data: Database
Field
Record
File
Database

17. Topic Software
6.2.1 Definition

18. 6.2.1 Definition 6.2.1.1 Define Database management Systems (DBMS)
A COLLECTION OF PROGRAMS THAT ENABLES US TO STORE, MODIFY, EXTRACT AND MANAGE INFORMATION FROM A DATABASE
DBMS ADALAH KOLEKSI-KOLEKSI PROGRAM YANG MEMBENARKAN PENGGUNA UNTUK MENYIMPAN, MENGUBAHSUAI, MENGECIL DAN MENGURUSKAN MAKLUMAT DARIPAD PANGKALAN DATA

19. 6.2.1 Definition 6.2.1.2 List the benefits of using database.
DATA REDUNDANCIES AND INCONSISTENCIES ARE REDUCED.
ACCESS IS RESTRICTED TO AUTHORIZED PEOPLE.
INFORMATION CAN BE PRESENTED IN A VARIETY OF FORMATS.
DATA FILTERING IS MUCH EASIER.
DATA MANIPULATION CAN BE DONE EASILY.
USERS MAY SHARE DATA WITH ONE ANOTHER
KETIDAKKONSISTENAN DATA BOLEH DIKURANGKAN
MENGAKSES ADALAH SUKAR DAN HANYA PADA MEREKA YANG DIBENARKAN
MAKLUMAT BOLEH DIPERSEMBAHKAN DALAM PELBAGAI CARA
MENAPIS DATA LEBIH MUDAH
MEMANIPULASI DATA LEBIH MUDAH DILAKUKAN
PENGGUNA BOLEH BERKONGSI DATA DENGAN ORANG LAIN

20. 6.2.2 Features
State the relationship between attribute (field), row (record) & relation (file)
DATA IS ORGANIZED INTO RELATED TABLES.
DATA DIURUSKAN KEPAD BEBERAPA TABLE
EACH TABLE IS MADE UP OF ROWS WHICH ARE CALLED RECORDS AND COLUMNS WHICH ARE CALLED FIELDS.
SETIAP TABLE ADA ROW UNTUK REKOD DAN COLUMN UNTUK FIELDS
EACH RECORD CONTAINS FIELDS OF INFORMATION ABOUT SOME SPECIFIC ITEM.
SETIAP REKOD MENGANDUNGI FIELDS MENGENAI MAKLUMAT SESUATU ITEM.

21. 6.2.2 Features
State the relationship between attribute (field), row (record) & relation (file)
Field
Record

22. 6.2.2 Features
Define the primary key and foreign key  PRIMARY KEY
A FIELD THAT UNIQUELY IDENTIFIES EACH RECORD IN A FILE.
BERTINDAK SRBAGAI SATU ITEM UNIK YANG MEMBEZAKAN
SETIAP REKOD DALAM FAIL
FOREIGN KEY
A PRIMARY KEY THAT EXIST IN OTHER TABLES IN ORDER TO LINK THE
RELATED TABLES TOGETHER.
PRIMARY KEY
YANG WUJUD DALAM TABLE YANG LAIN DALAM BERTINDAK SEBAGAI PENGHUBUNG DENGAN TABLE YANG LAIN

23. 6.2.2 Features 6.2.2.3 State the importance of primary key
USED FOR THE PURPOSE OF INDEXING THE TABLES IN A DATABASE WHICH
MAKES IT MORE EFFICIENT TO:
SEARCH FOR SPECIFIC RECORD
SORT THE DATA OR
LINK TABLES.
HELPS TO AVOID DUPLICATING RECORDS.
PREVENTS NULL VALUES FROM BEING ENTERED IN THE UNIQUE FIELD.
PENTING SEBAGAI
MENCARI REKOD2 SPESIFIK
MERINGKASKAN DATA
MENGHUBUNG TABLE LAIN
MEMBANTU MENGELAKKAN PERSAMAAN DATA

24. 6.2.2 Features
Differentiate between the primary key and foreign key
PRIMARY KEY
FOREIGN KEY
MUST CONTAIN UNIQUE VALUES
MAY HAVE DUPLICATE VALUES
USED TO UNIQUELY IDENTITY EACH RECORD IN A TABLE
USED TO LINK TO A PRIMARY KEY IN ANOTHER TABLE
MESTI ADA NILAI UNIK
BOLEH ADA NILAI YANG SAMA
MEMBEZAKAN SETIAP REKOD DALAM TABLE
DIGUNAKAN UNTUK MENGHUBUNGKAN SATU TABLE DENGAN TABLE YANG LAIN

25. 6.2.3 Database Objects
Define the following database objects/ tools: Tables, form, query, report.
TO ENABLE USERS TO RETRIEVE ALL THE RELATED INFORMATION FROM DIFFERENT TABLES.
THE PRIMARY KEY OF ONE TABLE BECOMES A FOREIGN KEY IN OTHER TABLE.
A PRIMARY KEY MAKES CREATING QUERIES, FORMS AND REPORTS EASIER.
A PRIMARY KEY IMPROVES DATA PERFORMANCE BY RELATING A SMALLER TABLE INTO MEANINGFUL DATABASE.
MEMBOLEHKAN PENGGUNA HUBUNGKAN DATA YANG SAMA PADA TABLE LAIN
PRIMARY KEY JAADI FOREIGN KEY PADA TABLE YANG LAIN
PRIMARY KEY BOLEHKAN MEMBUAT QUERY,BORANG DAN LAPORAN MUDAH
PRIMARY KEY MENAMBAHKAN DATA YANG BERHUBUNGAN MENJADI SESUATU YANG BERMAKNA

26. 6.2.3.2 Identify table, query, form and report as database objects/ tools.
A COLLECTION OF COMPUTER DATA THAT IS ORGANIZED, DEFINED AND STORED AS ROWS AND COLUMNS. IN NON-RELATIONAL SYSTEMS, A TABLE IS CALLED A FILE
KOLEKSI DATA YANG TERSUSUN, DIKENALPASTI DAN DISIMPAN SEBAGAI BARIS DAN LAJUR.
FORM
A FORM IS ESSENTIALLY A WINDOW IN WHICH YOU CAN PLACE CONTROLS THAT EITHER GIVE USERS INFORMATION OR ACCEPT INFORMATION THAT THEY ENTER. ACCESS PROVIDES A TOOLBOX THAT INCLUDES MANY STANDARD WINDOWS CONTROLS, SUCH AS LABELS, TEXT BOXES, OPTION BUTTONS, AND CHECK BOXES
LEBIH MUDAH DIKENALI SEBAGAI ANTARA MUKA PENGGUNA. PENGGUNA BIASA AKAN HANYA MENGGUNAKAN PROGRAM MELALUI BORANG INI SAHAJA.

27. 6.2.3.2 Identify table, query, form and report as database objects/ tools.
A QUERY IS ESSENTIALLY A QUESTION. FOR EXAMPLE, YOU MIGHT ASK, “WHICH RECORDS IN THE STUDENT TABLE LIVE IN IPOH?” WHEN YOU RUN A QUERY (THE EQUIVALENT OF ASKING A QUESTION), ACCESS LOOKS AT ALL THE RECORDS IN THE TABLE OR TABLES YOU HAVE SPECIFIED, FINDS THOSE THAT MATCH THE CRITERIA YOU HAVE DEFINED, AND DISPLAYS THEM IN A DATASHEET.
QUERY ADALAH PERTANYAAN. DUA ATAU LEBIH TABLE BOLEH BERHUBUNG MELALUI QUERY. NAMUN SETIAP TABLE PERLU MEMPUNYAI KUNCI PRIMER YANG SAMA.

28. 6.2.3.2 Identify table, query, form and report as database objects/ tools.
YOU USE REPORTS TO DISPLAY THE INFORMATION FROM YOUR TABLES IN NICELY FORMATTED, EASILY ACCESSIBLE WAYS, EITHER ON YOUR COMPUTER SCREEN OR ON PAPER. A REPORT CAN INCLUDE ITEMS OF INFORMATION SELECTED FROM MULTIPLE TABLES AND QUERIES, VALUES CALCULATED FROM INFORMATION IN THE DATABASE, AND FORMATTING ELEMENTS SUCH AS HEADERS, FOOTERS, TITLES, AND HEADINGS.
REPORT ATAU LAPORAN ADALAH HASIL YANG DIKELUARKAN SETELAH PENGGUNA BEKERJA MELALUI BORANG ATAU FORM. LAPORAN ADALAH BERBENTUK KERTAS IAITU BAHAN YANG DICETAK.

29. 6.2.3.2 Identify table, query, form and report as database objects/ tools.
RELATIONSHIP
IN ACCESS, A RELATIONSHIP IS AN ASSOCIATION BETWEEN COMMON FIELDS IN TWO TABLES, AND YOU CAN USE IT TO RELATE THE INFORMATION IN ONE TABLE TO THE INFORMATION IN ANOTHER TABLE.
FOR EXAMPLE, IN THE STUDENT DATABASE A RELATIONSHIP CAN BE ESTABLISHED BETWEEN THE STUDENT TABLE AND THE CLASS TABLE BECAUSE BOTH TABLES HAVE A CLASSID FIELD
HUBUNGAN ADALAH ANTARA DUA ATAU LEBIH TABLE. HUBUNGAN DILAKUKAN ANTARA TABLE MELALUI QUERY.

30. 6.2.4 Data manipulation 1. UPDATE KEMASKINI 2. INSERT LETAK
List the basic operations of data manipulation:
1. UPDATE KEMASKINI
2. INSERT LETAK
3. DELETE PADAM
4. RETRIEVE RETRIEVE
5. SORT MEMENDEKKAN
6. FILTER MENAPIS
7. SEARCH MENCARI

31. 6.2.4.2 State the usage of basic operations in data manipulation.
1. UPDATE
USED FOR CHANGING DATA IN A DATABASE TABLE.
MENGEMASKINI/MENGUBAH DATA DALAM TABLE
2. INSERT
USED FOR ADDING RECORDS TO A DATABASE TABLE.
MENAMBAH REKOD DALAM PANGKALAN ATA TABLE
3. DELETE
USED FOR REMOVING RECORDS FROM A DATABASE TABLE.
DIGUNAKAN UNTUK MEMADAM REKOD DALAM PANGKALAN DATA TABLE
4. RETRIEVE
USED FOR RETRIEVING RECORDS FROM A DATABASE TABLE.
DIGUNAKAN UNTUK RETRIEVE REKOD DALAM PANGKALAN DATA TABLE
5. SORT
USED FOR SORTING RECORDS IN A RECORDS IN A DATABASE TABLE.
BERHUNA UNTUK MEMENDEKKAN REKOD DALAM PANGKALAN DATA TABLE
6. FILTER
USED FOR FILTERING RECORDS FROM A DATABASE TABLE. INSTEAD OF DISPLAYING
ALL THE RECORDS IN A TABLE AND USE A FILTER TO DISPLAY ONLY THOSE RECORDS
THAT YOU WANT TO SEE OR EDIT.
MENAPIS REKOD DALAM PANGKALAN DATA TABLE.
7. SEARCH
USED FOR FINDING RECORD FROM A DATABASE TABLE AND LOCATE ONE OR MORE RECORDS TO FIND SPECIFIC DATA.
MENCARI REKOD YANG INGINI / DIPERLUKAN

32. 6.3.1 Phases of Systems Development
Describe the phases of systems development:
1. ANALYSIS
- SYSTEM DEVELOPERS WILL PERFORM PROBLEM ANALYSIS BY FINDING OUT THE NEEDS OF TARGET USERS.
- SYSTEM DEVELOPERS ALSO IDENTIFY THE INPUT, PROCESS AND OUTPUT FOR THE NEW SYSTEM.
- PEREKA SISTEM AKAN MELAKUKAN ANALISIS MASALAH DENGAN MENGENALPASTI KEMAHUAN PELANGGAN. PEREKA JUGA AKAN MEMASTIKAN INPUT, OUTPUT DAN PROSES UNTUK SISTEM BARU
2. DESIGN
- BASED ON THE NEEDS OF TARGET USERS, THE SYSTEM DEVELOPERS WILL DESIGN AN ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM (ERD).
- BERDASARKAN KEPERLUAN PENGGUNA DENGAN MEMBUAT DIAGRAM HUBUNGAN.
3. IMPLEMENTATION
- IMPLEMENTATION PHASE IS THE PHASE WHERE SYSTEM DEVELOPERS CREATE DATABASE USING DATABASE SOFTWARE.
- FASA INI MERUPAKAN FASA PEREKA MEREKACIPTA PANGKALAN DATA MENGGUNAKAN PERISIAN PANGKALAN DATA.

33. 6.3.1 Phases of Systems Development
Describe the phases of systems development:
4. TESTING
- THE SYSTEM WILL BE TESTED BY THE TARGET USERS IN THE TESTING PHASE. IF THERE IS ANY ERROR DETECTED, THE SYSTEM DEVELOPERS WILL FIX THE ERROR.
- SISTEM AKAN DICUBA DAN JIKA ADA RALAT, PEMBAIKAN AKAN DIBUAT.
5. DOCUMENTATION
- SYSTEM DEVELOPERS WILL PRODUCE THE DOCUMENTS FOR THE PROGRAM DURING THE DOCUMENTATION PHASE.
- PEREKA AKAN MEMPERSEMBAHKAN DOKUMEN
6. MAINTENANCE
- THE SYSTEM DEVELOPERS CONTINUE TO PROVIDE SUPPORT DURING THE MAINTENANCE PHASE. THEY MONITOR THE SYSTEM PERFORMANCE AND MAKE CHANGES WHEN NEEDED.
- PEREKA AKAN SENTIASA MEMASTIKAN SISTEM BERJALAN LANCAR WALAUPUN SISTEM TELAH DIJUAL

34. Topic 6.3 – Database Development
6.3.2 Develop a Database Project
Topic 6.3 – Database Development
6.3.2 Develop a Database Project

35. 6.3.2 Develop a Database Project
Identify a project.
(BASED ON EXAMPLE :PERSONAL MUSIC COLLECTION SYSTEM)
(CONTOH PROJEK” SISTEM KOLEKSI MUZIK PERIBADI)
THE PROBLEM IS : THE NUMBER OF CDS ARE INCREASING.
THE SOLUTION IS : TO DO A CATALOGUE
MASALAH “ JUMLAH CD SEMAKIN BERTAMBAH
PENYELESAINA MASALAH” MEMBUAT KATALOG

36. 6.3.2 Develop a Database Project
Identify the project requirements.
KEPERLUAN PROJEK
CAN STORE INFORMATION OF ALL THE CDS
EASY TO USE
FAST PERFORMANCE
BOLEH MENYIMPAN SEMUA MAKLUMAT CD
SENANG DIGUNAKAN
PRESTASI BAIK, CEPAT DAN LANCAR
Classify project requirements into two tables.
- TABLES: SINGER, SONG AND ALBUM
- TABLES: PENYANYI, LAGU DAN ALBUM

37. 6.3.2 Develop a Database Project
Design databases tables.

38. 6.3.2 Develop a Database Project
Design databases tables.
CREATE A DATABESE USING DATABASES SOTTWARE FOR EXAMPLE MICROSOFT ACCESS.
MEMBUAT PANGKALAN DATA MENGGUNAKAN PERISIAN MICROSOFT ACCESS

39. 6.3.2 Develop a Database Project
Create two tables that include the primary key for each table.

40. 6.3.2 Develop a Database Project
Build a relationship between two tables. .

41. 6.3.2 Develop a Database Project
Enter data into the table.
. ISI SEMUA MAKLUMAT MENGIKUT JENIS TABLE
Crate a form that relates to the table content.

42. 6.3.2 Develop a Database Project
Create a query to retrieve required information with one or more conditions.

43. 6.3.2 Develop a Database Project
Generate a report.

44. 6.3.2 Develop a Database Project
Gather all the documents from the above phases into a folio

45. 6.4 current and future development
6.4.1 web based application

46. 6.4.1 web based application
find out current and future development in computer information system
ASSESSMENT 13.1