1. 4th 6 Weeks

2. 4 Corners Review APUSH Period 6 http://www. apushexplained
The Progressive Movement – Social Gospel, Jane Adams, WEB Du Bois, Ida B Wells, Muckrakers, 16th, 17th, 18th amendments

3. Women’s Rights Movement
Susan B Anthony

4. Domestic V Foreign Policy

5. America Builds an Empire
American Imperialism
America Builds an Empire

6. American Imperialism
Imperialism- When a more powerful country exerts influence or force on weaker, poorer countries.

7. American Imperialism
Alfred Thayer Mahan –
Naval officer who believed in the theory of seapower – the strongest countries have the strongest navies

8. American Imperialism
Alaska was purchased by the United States from Russia in 1867 for 7.2 million
This equates to only $0.02 cents per acre!

9. American Imperialism
William Seward – United States secretary of state from who negotiated the purchase of Alaska

10. American Imperialism
Seward’s Ice Box or Seward’s Folly – name that was mockingly given to the purchase of Alaska. Many people felt that it was a waste of money, that Alaska was nothing but tundra

11. American Imperialism
Why were they wrong? – Alaska is rich in natural resources Timber - gold - oil

12. American Imperialism Hawaii – annexed in 1898
Why was Hawaii important?
Economically – link between the U.S. and the Pacific
Militarily – Great natural harbor for the navy

13. American Imperialism Queen Liliʻuokalani was thrown from power by the
How did the U.S. acquire Hawaii?
Queen Liliʻuokalani was
thrown from power by the
Committee of Safety, an all white group of Hawaiians. The U.S. sends a company of marines and the queen resigned. Hawaii was annexed by William McKinley in 1898

14. American Imperialism
Cuban Revolution – Cuba was struggling for independence from Spain. Public opinion was split
Businessmen wanted American intervention to look out for their best interests
The people wanted to remain at peace

15. American Imperialism
Yellow Journalism – Pulitzer and Hearst published sensationalized stories that heightened tensions between the U.S. and Spain
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16. American Imperialism
De Lome Letter – letter written by the Spanish ambassador to the U.S. to the foreign minister of Spain that was critical of U.S. president McKinley. It was published in newspapers, eventually leading to De Lome’s resignation

17. American Imperialism
Sinking of the Maine
When a riot broke out in Havana, the U.S. sends the U.S.S. Maine to protect American interests and citizens

18. Search for Missing Bride Continues
Bride Missing! Groom’s Family Blame History of Mental Illness
Write your response:
How do these headlines differ?
Consider the wording and how a reader might respond to each article.

19. Discuss at your table What does each headline imply?
If these were articles, which would you have wanted to read first?
Which do you think would have been the most reliable story? Why?
Why might different newspapers choose to present the same event so differently?

20. Sinking of the Maine Cuba was colonized by Spain.
Cuban rebels had been fighting for independence.
Spain was thought to be brutal in repressing the rebellion.
U.S. had business interests in Cuba.
President McKinley had sent the Maine to Cuba (Why? To protect American interests? To prepare for war? To intimidate Spain? This is debated by historians. . .).
Maine explodes on Feb 15, 1898.

21. Sinking of the Maine On Feb 15th, 1898, the U. S. S
Sinking of the Maine On Feb 15th, 1898, the U.S.S. Maine exploded in Havana harbor, killing 260 sailors. Newspapers would blame the Spanish

22. Who Sunk the Maine? ”Awake United States!”
This song was rushed into print between the sinking of the Maine on Feb. 5, 1898, and the declaration of war on April 25, 1898.
Eagle soar on high, and sound the battle cry!
And how proudly sailed the warship Maine,
a Nation’s pride, without a stain!
A wreck she lies, her sailors slain.
By two-faced butchers, paid by Spain!
Eagle soar on high,
And sound the battle cry
Wave the starry flag!
In mud it shall not drag!
According to this song, who sunk the Maine? • Does this prove the Spanish blew it up?

23. Guiding Questions
New York Journal
New York Times
Sourcing 1. How long after the explosion of the Maine was this article written?
2. What does the headline of the article suggest about the newspaper’s point of view?
Close Reading 3. Upon what type of evidence does the New York Journal base its claims?
Sourcing 1. How does the date of this article compare with the date on the New York Journal and Advertiser article?
Close Reading 2. According to these headlines, what happened to the Maine?
3. What kinds of evidence does the New York Times include to support its account of the incident?

25. Discussion Do you know what happened to the Maine?
What evidence do you have for your answer? Give an example where the reporter uses solid evidence to support a claim made in the article.
Do you think these articles would have been received differently by their readers in 1898? How so?
What effect might the Journal article have had on its readers?
What effect might the Times article have had on its readers?
How significant do you think the Maine explosion was to the American people at this time? Why?

26. Spanish-American War (1898) Caribbean Theater
Cuba
Battle of San Juan Hill
Significant American victory
Battle of Santiago de Cuba
Destruction of Spanish fleet
Puerto Rico
Rough Riders
Volunteers led by Theodore Roosevelt
Earned fame from Battle of San Juan Hill
Yellow Fever
75% of American forces affected
Walter Reed proves mosquito transmission

27. Puerto Rico Today
After months of efforts to restore power to hurricane-hit Puerto Rico, electricity provider AEE said Friday that 55% of households now had electricity.
That means that some 660,000 customers out of a total 1.5 million are still without power, AEE director Justo Gonzalez said. It was the government-owned utility's first statement since Hurricane Maria slammed into the U.S. territory on September 20.
The town of Ciales, one of the island's 78 municipalities, is still totally without electricity. No towns in Puerto Rico have had their power networks completely restored, Gonzalez said.

28. Spanish-American War (1898) Pacific Theater
Philippines
Battle of Manila Bay
Destruction of Spanish fleet
Emilio Aguinaldo
Led rebellion forces against Spanish rule
Declared independence

29. Spanish-American War (1898)
“A splendid little war.”
Treaty of Paris
American Acquisitions
Puerto Rico
Guam
Philippines
Cuba
American military occupation ( )
Platt Amendment (1901)
Treaties required American approval
Guantanamo Bay

31. Imperialists and Anti-Imperialists
Opponents
Mostly from Democratic Party
Anti-Imperialist League
Grover Cleveland (D)
William Jennings Bryan (D)
Senator Ben Tillman (D-SC)
Samuel Gompers (AFL)
Mark Twain
Andrew Carnegie
Jane Addams
Reasons
Undemocratic
Violated republicanism
“consent of the governed”
Prevent influx of “inferior races”
Proponents
Most from GOP
Theodore Roosevelt (R)
John Hay (R)
James G. Blaine (R)
Reasons
Economic expansion
Political security
International prestige
Humanitarian efforts
Capt. Alfred Thayer Mahan
The Influence of Sea Power upon History (1890)
Social Darwinism
Jingoism
“White Man’s Burden”
Insular Cases ( )
Supreme Court ruled constitutional guarantees granted only by Congress to U.S. territories
“Constitution does not necessarily follow the flag”

34. The Philippines Philippine-American War (1899-1902) Atrocities
Torture by both sides
Concentration camps
Casualties
12,000-20,000 Filipinos
4,165 Americans
200,000-1,000,000 Filipino civilians
Americanization
Freedom of religion
English as official language

35. China
Open Door -foreign policy that stated all nations should have equal access to trade with the Chinese
Secretary of State John Hay
Spheres of influence
Mutual economic policies among foreign powers
Boxer Rebellion ( ) in 1899 the Chinese revolted against foreign influence. A coalition of imperial powers defeats the Chinese.
Eight-Nation Alliance against Chinese nationalists
Severely weakened Qing Dynasty

36. Theodore Roosevelt (1901-1909) Big Stick Policy
The Americas
Roosevelt Corollary
Unstable economies in Venezuela and Dominican Republican enticed direct European influence
U.S. right to intervene if:
Incapable of protecting American interests
Stabilize economies to prevent European influence
Asian Policy
Treaty of Portsmouth (1904)
“Gentleman’s Agreement” (1907)
Great White Fleet ( )
Demonstrate U.S. naval power and prestige
16 U.S. Battleships completed a circumnavigation of the globe. The ships were painted white. This was a show of force to the world
Monroe Doctrine – No European influence in Western Hemisphere

37. William Howard Taft ( ) Dollar Diplomacy - The use of economic power to influence the policy of other nations
Encourage economic development infrastructure in Latin America and abroad
Administration of loans and financing
Railroad investments in China
Lodge Corollary (1912)
Henry Cabot Lodge
Forbade ANY foreign acquisition in Western Hemisphere

38. Woodrow Wilson ( ) Moral Diplomacy - The United States will not recognize any nation that is hostile to American interests or other nations.
Pursuit of non-expansionist policies and promote democratic governments
Despite military intervention in Haiti, Nicaragua, Dominican Republic, and Mexico
Mexico Revolution
Tampico Affair (1914)
Pancho Villa Expedition ( )
General John J. Pershing
Jones Acts
Democratic policies for Philippines (1916)
U.S. citizenship to Puerto Rico (1917)

40. American Imperialism
Commodore Perry – Naval officer who entered Tokyo bay in 1853 to convince the Japanese to trade with the U.S.

41. American Imperialism
Dollar Diplomacy – The use of economic power to influence the policy of other nations Missionary/Moral Diplomacy – The United States will not recognize any nation that is hostile to American interests or other nations.

42. American Imperialism
Why was Panama Canal important? – Made travel between Atlantic + Pacific Oceans much shorter
How did the U.S. acquire the Panama Canal?
Panamanians started a revolt against Colombia, Roosevelt supported the rebels in exchange for being allowed to build and operate the Panama canal