1. Introduction to Earth/Environmental Science1

2. Topic 1 – Science Lab Safety
Question: Why is it important to know lab safety symbols? 2

3. Science Lab Safety Act responsibly at all times in the laboratory.
Follow all instructions given – orally or written by my teacher. (MOST IMPORTANT)
Perform ONLY those activities assigned and approved by my teacher.
Protect my eyes, face, hands and body by wearing proper clothing and using protective equipment provided by my school.
Carry out good housekeeping practices as instructed by my teacher.
Know the location of safety and first aid equipment in the laboratory. 3

4. Science Lab Safety Notify my teacher immediately of an emergency.
NEVER work alone in the laboratory.
NEVER eat or drink in the laboratory unless instructed to do so by my teacher.
Handle living organisms or preserved specimens only when authorized by my teacher, and then always carefully and with respect.
NEVER enter or work in a supply area unless instructed to do so and supervised by my teacher. 4

5. Activity 1 – Science Lab Safety Symbols
Hand Washing
Disposal
Physical Safety
Sharp Objects
Animal Safety
Plant Safety 5

6. Plant Safety Do not eat any plants in lab
Wash your hands after handling plants
Tell your teacher of any plant allergies
Like any organism, plants should be considered possibly harmful

7. Protect Yourself Hand Safety
If a chemical spills on your skin, notify the teacher and rinse with water for 15 minutes
Wash hands after every lab
Handle glassware, sharp tools and heated containers carefully

8. Protect Yourself Hand Safety

9. Sharp Objects Always cut away from fingers and body
Sharp Objects
Always cut away from fingers and body
Always carry sharp objects with points and tips facing down and away
Never try to catch falling sharp instruments
Grasp sharp instruments only by the handles

10. Sharp Objects Notify teacher if you get cut
• When using knifes or other sharp objects always walk with the points
• When using knifes or other sharp objects always walk with the points
Sharp Objects
Notify teacher if you get cut
Broken glass and sharp objects do not go in trash cans
Teacher will clean up broken glass

11. Physical Safety Handle all equipment carefully
Do not place a cord where someone can trip over it
Push all stools in out of the way
Keep books picked up out of walking isles

12. Animal Safety Only handle living organisms with teacher permission
Always treat living organisms humanely
Wash your hands after handling animals

13. At the End of Your Lab Time…
Return all lab materials and equipment to their proper places after use.
Dispose of all chemicals AS DIRECTED BY YOUR TEACHER!
Wash and dry all equipment, your lab bench and your clean-up area.

14. Bell Ringer 1/27/2017
Complete the questions on the sheet called “Bell Ringers – Unit 1” in your composition book. Copy & Answer the question.
Create a tree map on everything you know about the branches of earth science.
Why is studying earth science important?

15. Topic 2 – Earth’s Systems
Standard 1.2 – I can identify the branches of Earth Science and explain the interconnectedness of Earth’s systems.
QUESTION: What are Earth’s major systems and how do they interact? 15

16. What is Earth Science? Earth Science
The name for the group of sciences that deals with Earth and its neighbors in space. 16

17. The Study of Earth Science
In order to understand the earth, we need about all components of it.
Structure of Earth’s systems
Earth’s history
Earth in the solar system
System – group of parts that work together as a whole
Matter and energy constantly move from one part of the Earth system to another 17

18. The sciences that make up Earth Science are called branches
The sciences that make up Earth Science are called branches. The 4 main ones are
Geology – study of the forces that have shaped Earth
Oceanography -- study of everything from chemistry of ocean water to ocean floor and marine organisms
Meteorology – study of conditions in the atmosphere, weather, climate
Astronomy – focus on solar systems, stars and galaxies and Earth’s motions in space 18

19. Branches Continued..
There are two forces that change change earth’s surface:
The Earth is constantly changing still. This is a slow process
Constructive Forces:
change Earth’s surface by building mountains and landmasses.
Destructive forces:
slowly wear away mountains and every other feature on Earth’s surface

20. Earth’s Major Spheres/Systems
Hydrosphere
All water on Earth
Oceans, rivers, streams, lakes & seas
97% of the water is salt water
3% of water is freshwater
Atmosphere
Gaseous layers above the surface of Earth
Weather and Climate on Earth
Makes life possible on Earth

21. Biosphere Beneath both the Hydrosphere and Atmosphere Three Parts Core
Geosphere/Lithosphere
Beneath both the Hydrosphere and Atmosphere
Three Parts
Core
Mantle
Crust
Biosphere
All organisms on Earth
Environments where organisms live

22. What is Environmental Science?
The study of Earth’s environment and resources and how humans impact them

23. What Environmental Science deals with?
Renewable Resources
Plants, animals, water, wind
Nonrenewable Resources
Coal, oil, natural gas
Population Growth
Environmental Problems
Pollution, global warming
Natural Hazards
Flooding, droughts, earthquakes

24. Bell Ringer 1/30/2017
Complete the following four questions on the sheet called “Bell Ringers – Unit 1” in your notebook. Copy & Answer the question.
Which branch of Earth Science studies Earth’s motions in space?
Describe the hydrosphere.
What does the branch of Meteorology study?
Give an example to show how interconnected the spheres are.

25. Topic 3: Methods of Science
Standard 1.3 – I can understand experimental design and methods in science.
Question: What do scientist use when they perform scientific investigations? 25

26. Methods of Science
Scientific Method – an organized plan for gathering, organizing and communication of information
Scientific Inquiry – a process that uses a set of skills to answer questions or to test ideas about the natural world.
GOAL
Solve a problem
Better understand something

27. Experimental Design Problem/Question What do you want to know?
Observations
Hypothesis
Experiment
Test your hypothesis
Collect and Analyze Data
Conclusion
Accept, reject, or modify the hypothesis

28. Parts of an Experiment Variable - Vary Independent Variable
Factor that changes
Two types
Independent variable
Dependent variable
Independent Variable
Fact YOU change
AKA: Manipulated Variable
Dependent Variable
Factor that changes BECAUSE you changed something
AKA: Responding Variable

29. Constant Trial Factors that never are changed from test to test
Repeating the experiment
3 times for best result

30. Evolution of a Scientific Idea
Prediction – a statement of what will happen next in a sequence of events
Hypothesis – a possible explanation for an observation that can be tested by scientific investigation
Scientific Theory – explanation of things or events that is based on knowledge gained from many observations and investigations
Scientific Law – rule that describes a pattern in nature 30

31. Bell Ringer 1/31/2017
Complete the questions on the sheet called “Bell Ringers – Unit 1” in your composition book. Copy & Answer the question.
Create a flow map of the scientific method. See example below.
Describe: hypothesis, theory, and law.

32. Topic 4 – Measurements in Science
Standard 1.4 – I can explain how measurements are used in science and how to determine the density of an object.
Question: How do scientist determine the density of an object? 32

33. Measurement Types LENGTH Straight line distance between two points
How long something is
SI unit = meters (m)
Tools for finding
Meter stick or ruler

34. Temperature
Amount of heat given off by an object
Based on Molecular Motion
How hot or cold something is
SI unit = Kelvin (K)
Can also be measured in ºC, ºF
Tools for finding Temperature is the Thermometer

35. How much Matter is in an object SI unit: kilogram (kg)
MASS
How much Matter is in
an object
SI unit:
kilogram (kg)
Tools for Finding is a
balances or scale
Note: Mass and Weight are two different things. Mass never changes from place to place

36. VOLUME Amount of Space an object takes up Units: L, mL, cm3
Tools: graduated cylinder or ruler
Three Different Methods for finding Volume
Regular object
Irregular object
Liquid

37. Finding Volume Liquids (water) Regular Object (block)
Place the liquid in a graduated cylinder and read the level
Regular Object (block)
L * W * H
Irregular Object (rock)
Do Water Displacement
Subtract water level without object from water level with object

39. Density Mass per unit Volume Unit: g/mL or g/cm3 Formula
Density = mass ÷ volume
Density of water is 1 g/mL
Less means float
More means sink

40. Density Triangle: M
D V

41. Bell Ringer 2/1/2017 What is a scientific theory?
Complete the questions on the sheet called “Bell Ringers – Unit 1” in your composition book. Copy & Answer the question.
What is a scientific theory?
Why is a scientific law?
Describe the scientific method.
After finding out that carbon dioxide is increasing in the atmosphere, what would be a good question to experiment?
What is causing the increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?
What other greenhouse gases are increasing?
How is the increase in carbon dioxide going to affect our earth?
All of the above

42. Activity 5
Measurements Lab

43. Bell Ringer 2/2/2017
Write down your answer in your composition book under the Unit 1 bell ringer page
An important step of the scientific method is to do background research. During this step, what should you research before you begin the experiment?

44. Bell Ringer 2/3/2017
Write down your answer in your composition book under the Unit 1 bell ringer page In your notebook, make a concept map, chart, list, or summary of everything you learned in unit 1. Try to not use your notes. Time: 5 minutes