1. الخَيشُومُ والشَّفَتَانُ
Green Lane Masjid Tajweed Foundation Level Lesson 6
الخَيشُومُ والشَّفَتَانُ

2. No. of Specific or Approx مَخرَج
Recap
المَخرَجُ
No. of Specific or Approx مَخرَج
Letters
الجَوفُ
1 Approximate
Medd ي,
medd و, ـا
الحَلقُ
3 Specific
أ ﻫ
ع ح
غ خ
أدنَى
وَسَط
أَقصَى

3. No. of Specific or Approx مَخرَج
Recap
المَخرَجُ
No. of Specific or Approx مَخرَج
Letters
اللِّسَانُ
10 Specific
ق ك
ج ي ش
ط د ت
ن ر
ص س ز
ظ ث ذ
ض ل
أقصَى
وَسَط
طَرَف
حَافَة

4. (Articulation points of the letters)
مَخَارِجُ الحُرُوفِ
(Articulation points of the letters)
Main مَخرَج
No. Of Specific مَخرَج
No. of letters
The Throat
الحَلقُ 3 6
The Tongue
اللِّسَانُ 10 18
The Two lips
الشَّفَتانُ 2 4
The Nose
الخَيشُومُ 1
الغُنَّةُ
Empty space in the mouth & throat
الجَوفُ
مُدُود
Only the throat, tongue and lips are used to pronounce the actual 28 letters.
The nose and the empty space of mouth & throat is used to produce
additional sounds (e.g. the ghunnah sound)

5. الخَيشُومُ
The nasal passage
الغُنَّةُ is a sound articulated from الخَيشُوم
الغُنَّةُ is part of the letters م and ن always. Hence making it a letter as the letters م and ن would not exist without it.

6. الخَيشُومُ The nasal passage
The timing of الغُنَّةُ depends on the positions of م and ن within the word and the vowel on them.
The timing factor of م and ن makes it a characteristic of the letters م and ن

7. The nasal passage – Approx مَخرَج
الخَيشُومُ
The nasal passage – Approx مَخرَج ن م
The longest timing is giving to a نّ and مّ

8. الشِّفَتَانُ The lips ف ب And و
Edge of top incisors touching inside of lower lip
ب And و
Closing 2 lips together
Non medd و
Circling of lips
leaving a gap between them

9. No. of Specific or Approx مَخرَج
Overall المَخارِجُ
المَخرَجُ
No. of Specific or Approx مَخرَج
No. Of Letters
الجَوفُ
1 Approximate 3
الحَلقُ
3 Specific 6
اللِّسانُ
10 Specific 18
الخَيشُومُ 1
الشِّفَتانُ
2 Specific 4

10. الحَلق الخَيشوم الغُنَّةُ ب و ع م ن ز
Circle odd one out with reasons:
ط ت د
ظ ث ذ
الحَلق الخَيشوم الغُنَّةُ
ب و ع
م ن ز
One of the isti’ala letters
Is not a makhrij
Articulated from throat other from lip
Articulated from lips not tongue

11. 2) What are the differences between:
Al-jawf and al-ghunnah
Al-jawf is a makhrij whereas ghunnah is a sound accompanying letters meem and noon.
b) Al-khaishoom and ash-shifataan
Al-khaishoom has 1 approximate makhrij for 1 letter/characteristic whereas ash-shifataan has 2 specific makhaarij for 4 letters.

12. c) Medd letters yaa and wouw and non medd letters yaa and wouw.
Medd letters must be proceeded by their relevant vowel, and must be stretched 2 counts. Non medd letters are not stretched and must NOT be proceeded by their relevant vowels.

13. 3) How many specific makharij do the following have:
a) Al-khaishoom - 1 approximate
b) ash-shifataa – 2 specific
c) Al-Halq – 3 specific
d) al-jawf – 1 approximate
d) Al-Lisaan – 10 specific