1. DNA and the Cell Cycle Unit 4 Review

2. What to Know and Be Able to Do
Unit 4 covers All of Human Knowledge including:
Graphing and Analyzing Data
DNA
Binary Fission
Cell Cycle & Mitosis
Cell Cycle & Cancer
Know vocabulary words and their definitions
Review the lessons from this unit

3. DNA – Deoxyribonucleic Acid
DNA Function
Genetic Code
DNA Structure
Double Helix
Nucleotide
Base Pairs
DNA Replication
Process
Daughter Strands

4. DNA Structure

5. DNA Structure Identify each structure indicated by the letter
A = Nucleotide
B = Nitrogen Base
C = Deoxyribose Sugar
D = Phosphate
E = Double Helix
F = H bond

6. Complementary Bases What do T, A, C, G stand for?
Identify the sequence of bases on the bottom sugar-phosphate backbone.

7. DNA Structure Identify the structure for numbers 1-6
Identify the complementary base sequence for strand II

8. DNA Replication Process by which DNA copies itself
DNA strand unwinds and unzips (H bonds)
Complementary nucleotide bases pair with original DNA bases
Result is 2 exact copies of original DNA strand
Semi-conservative since new copies are half new and half original

9. DNA Replication
Which strand represents the complementary base sequence of a DNA strand represented in the diagram above?

10. Binary Fission
Binary fission is the process by which all bacteria reproduce.
Binary fission results in the separation of a single cell into two identical daughter cells, each containing the same DNA as the parent cell.

11. Binary Fission 1. What type of cell undergoes binary fission?
prokaryote
eukaryote
plant
animal
2. Each resulting cell of binary fission is a _________ of the parent cell.
mistake
clone
spindle
mutation

12. Binary Fission
If you were offered the choice of either a million dollars or a sum of money equal to a penny that doubles every day for 64 days in a row, which would you choose? In your own words, relate your choice to the growth rate of bacterial cells.
Discuss in your own words two ways in which prokaryotic cells are different from eukaryotic cells.

13. Cell Cycle Know each stage and characteristics of each stage
Let’s review
What are the stages?
What happens at each?
Which are in interphase, which are in the mitotic phase?
Review the questions in Lesson 4.4 Cell Cycle

14. Mitosis Prophase Chromatin condenses Nuclear envelope dissolves
Centrioles migrate towards poles
Spindle fibers form

15. Mitosis
Metaphase
Chromosomes align on equator of cell

16. Mitosis Anaphase Sister Chromatids separate at centromere
Daughter chromosomes are pulled towards the poles of the cells by the microtubules
Cell has succeeded in separating identical copies of the genetic material into two distinct populations

17. Mitosis Telophase Chromosomes are done moving
A new nuclear envelope forms around each set of separated sister chromosomes
Both sets of chromosomes unfold back into chromatin
Mitosis is complete, but cell division is not yet complete.

18. Cytokinesis Separate process that begins at the same time as telophase
Animal cells form cleavage furrow as cytoplasm is divided
Plant cells form cell plate between daughter cells

19. Cancer & the Cell Cycle
Review News Alert Cancer videos and animations (Lesson 4.8)
What is cancer? Relate it to the Cell Cycle.
What are some risk factors for cancer?
What are some of the causes of cancer?