1. Immune System
“The defenders”
Pg. 40
Ch. 40

2. Parts of the Immune System

3. Lymphatic System Stores, circulates & produces WBC.
Tonsils- filter & destroy bacteria while lymph is returned via ducts.
Thymus- secretes a hormone that helps the WBC mature.
Spleen- filters dead red blood cells

4. ENEMIES & INVADERS Pathogen: any disease causing organism
Fungus
Athlete’s foot
Ringworm
Bacteria
Diphtheria
Staph
Virus
HIV
Influenza
Protist
Giardia
Dysentery

5. First Line of Defense: Non-specific Defenses: Skin, Mucus, Cilia Wound
Phagocytes move into the area and engulf the bacteria and cell debris
Bacteria enter the wound
Capillary

6. Non-Specific Defenses:
Phagocytes
Platelets
Histamines = chemical produced during allergic reactions
Inflammatory Response = red and itchy

7. Inflammatory Response: redness& swelling
histamine

8. THIRD LINE OF DEFENSE Immune response: Lymphocytes Phagocytes
antigens (invader)
antibodies (fighter proteins)
Lymphocytes
B Cells-produce antibodies
T Cells- recognize & destroy invaders
Phagocytes
consume pathogens

9. What triggers an immune response?
Pathogens
Pollen
Pet Dander
Foods (peanuts)
Anything which triggers
a response

10. What are antibodies?
Y shaped proteins that bind with specific antigens
Once your body makes an antibody for a specific antigen it keeps a memory of it forever (vaccine)

11. Antibody
Binding sites
(antigen specific)
Antigens

12. How it works… Antigen enters body Immune system identifies antigen
Plasma cells make antibodies
Antibodies mark all infected cells
Macrophages, T Killer cells destroy infected cells
A memory is stored of the antigen for future infections

13. Primary and Secondary Response
Interval between exposures
Antibody Concentration
First exposure
(flu vaccine)
Second exposure
(exposed to virus)
Time

14. Disorders of Immune System
Allergies – (cats, pollen, sea food)
Autoimmune- body recognizes itself as foreign and attacks itself
Examples: lupus, arthritis, grave’s disease
Immunodeficiency Syndromes
Body lacks immune cells, can be genetic
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) caused by HIV virus, virus attacks and Killer Helper T cells

15. So how can you boost your immune system?
Vaccinations
Diet, exercise, rest
Cleanliness
-self environment
Responsibility
-Avoid illegal drugs
-Sexual abstinence