1. The HELIOCENTRIC Model
Date ?
12/21 Winter Solstice
6/21 Summer Solstice
To an earthbound observer, where is the Sun on 12/21?
23.5 degrees south of the Equator, and to the “left”.
To an earthbound observer, where is the Sun on 6/21?
23.5 degrees north of the Equator, and to the “right”.

2. The Annual (Apparent) Path of the Sun
The Celestial Sphere and the Geocentric Model
6/21 Sun
3/21
9/22
Celestial Equator
12/21 Sun
The Annual (Apparent) Path of the Sun
(1 Degree/ Day)

3. Daily (Apparent) Motion of the Celestial Sphere
The Daily Path of the Sun and the Geocentric Model
Daily (Apparent) Motion of the Celestial Sphere
(360 Degrees/Day)
(15 Degrees / Hour)
(1 Degree / 4 Minutes)
6/21 Sun
3/21, 9/22 Sun
12/21 Sun
12/21 Sun

4. The Path of the Sun at 41 N
Horizon at 41 N

5. The Path of the Sun at 41 N
12/21
6/21
3/21 & 9/22 (Equinox) E N S W

6. ...Arctic Circle
...North Pole
6/21
Equinox
12/21
6/21
Equinox
12/21
6/21
Equinox
12/21
...Equator
...41 S

7. The Path of the Sun at 41 N N E S W
12/21
6/21
3/21 & 9/22 (Equinox)