1. Latest Development of Biogas Upgrading to Biomethane
EBA Workshop, Brussels, September 3rd, 2015 Dr. Tino Weber, Viessmann Group COO, Industrial Energy Systems

2. Presentation Content 1. Viessmann Group 2. Biogas and Biogas Upgrading
3. Latest Developments in the market
4. Looking ahead
Latest Development of Raw Biogas Upgrading into Biomethane
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3. 1. The Viessmann Group
Family business with head office in Allendorf (Eder)
1917
11,500
2.2 22 49
120 56
Founded
Employees
Turnover in €/billion
Manufacturing sites in 11 countries
Sales companies, 35 sales partners in 58 countries and sales activities in a total of 85 countries
Sales offices worldwide
Export share in percent
Latest Development of Raw Biogas Upgrading into Biomethane
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4. 1.1 Comprehensive range
Products and system solutions for all application areas
Latest Development of Raw Biogas Upgrading into Biomethane
Three divisions: Heating systems, Industrial energy systems, Refrigeration systems
Comprehensive ranges for specific target groups, for the application areas of residential buildings, commerce, industry and local authorities
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5. 2. Biogas and Biogas Upgrading
Latest Development of Raw Biogas Upgrading into Biomethane
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6. 2.1 Biogas and Biogas Upgrading
From biomass to electrical power & biomethane
Conventional local power production
Grid Injection & Decentralised Utilisation
Biogas Upgrading
Biogas Production
Biogas
Off-gas +
Heat Export
Biomethane
Grid
Injection
Biomass
Slurry
CHP On site
CHP
Power
Heat
Industry & households
CNG Vehicle fuel
Natural Gas
Latest Development of Raw Biogas Upgrading into Biomethane
Disadvantages:
No Heat Concept
Low CHP-Efficiency
High CHP-emissions
Low energy utilisation
High CHP-methane loss
High CHP service cost
Advantages:
Better Heat Concept
Highest CO2-reduction potential
High energy utilisation
Lowest emissions
Highest added value
High CHP-Efficiency
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7. 2.2 Biogas and Biogas Upgrading
Upgrading technologies
Technology
Working Principles
Advantages
Disadvantages
Physical Scrubber
CO2 absorption in scrubbing liquid
Methods: Water scrubber, Polyglykol scrubber
Robust and well proven technology
Sensitive to high ambient temperatures
Chemical Scrubber
CO2 removal by chemiesorption in scrubbing liquid
Method: Amine scrubber
Very low Methane losses
Cost effective at low heat price
Very high heat demand
No removal of trace gases
Adsorption
CO2 removal by molecular sieve
Method: Pressure Swing Adsorption
Robust process, removal of trace gases and partly O2 + N2
High investment cost
for small units
Membrane
CO2 removal by molecular size
Method: Membrane
Simple process
Less complex units
High power demand, Degradation of Membrane over time
Combined process
Membrane or PSA + CO2 Liquefaction
Method: combined
Pure CO2 as additional product
Low Methane losses
High power demand
Complex systems
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8. 2.3 Examples of Upgrading Units
Different sizes and substrates
BUP 350, Sewage Gas
BUP 500, Agricultural Waste
BUP 750, Slaughterhouse Waste
Latest Development of Raw Biogas Upgrading into Biomethane
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BUP 1000, Municipal Waste
BUP 2000, Agricultural Crops
BUP 1800, Landfill Gas

9. 3. Latest Developments
Latest Development of Raw Biogas Upgrading into Biomethane
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10. 3.1 Biomethane upgrading plants in Europe: in operation
Biogas Upgrading Plants in Europe
> 250 BUP in operation
> 200 BUP feed into gas grids
> 50 BUP utilize CNG
Largest markets:
Germany > 150 BUP
Sweden > 30 BUP
Netherlands > 25 BUP
Growing markets:
Great Britain, mix of biowaste and energy crops
France, biowaste, small to medium sized BUP
Italy, biowaste for CNG and/or grid injection
Latest Development of Raw Biogas Upgrading into Biomethane
Source: dena, July 2015
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11. 3.2 Last 10 year‘s focus of development
Higher methane recovery
 Increase profitability & reduce GHG-effect
Lower power & heat demand
 Reduction of OPEX & GHG-effect
Simplification & Standardization
 Reduction of CAPEX
New Upgrading Technologies
 Membrane & Combined Process
Downsizing Upgrading Units
Serving new markets
O2/N2 removal
 Access&Compatibility to EU-EASEE natural gas network
Integration with Power to Gas
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12. 3.3 Development of upgrading plant performance (Example : PSA since 1984)
Latest Development of Raw Biogas Upgrading into Biomethane
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13. 3.4 Development of upgrading efficiency
Upgrading technologies
Methane Recovery
Average in %
Average in %
Average in %
Average in 2016 >99%
Overall:
Power demand down by 30%
Methane recovery up by 3%
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14. 3.5 Development of power demand
Average in ,31 kWh/Nm³ biogas
Average in ,28 kWh/Nm³ biogas
Average in ,24 kWh/Nm³ biogas
Average in ,22 kWh/Nm³ biogas
Upgrading technologies
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15. 3. 6 Cost scaling of different BUP sizes (Turnkey installed incl
3.6 Cost scaling of different BUP sizes (Turnkey installed incl. all auxilliaries, average of most common BUPs)
Latest Development of Raw Biogas Upgrading into Biomethane
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16. 3.7 Specific upgrading cost (Capex & Opex 20 years operation)
Latest Development of Raw Biogas Upgrading into Biomethane
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17. 3.8 Status Quo Biogas Upgrading technologies and industry is
Well developed and broadly excepted
Reliable and safe
Has achieved substantial improvements
Much more efficient than 10 years ago
Keeps on developing further
Utilization of Biomethane was
Mainly injection into the gas grid
Some use as CNG (mainly in Sweden)
Based on sewage gas, manure, organic waste and energy crops
Medium to large size of plants (except for Switzerland)
 Average sizes 300 – 5000 Nm³/h Biogas
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18. 4. Looking ahead
Latest Development of Raw Biogas Upgrading into Biomethane
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19. 4.1 Bio-CNG and Bio-LNG Bio-CNG
Some countries & car manufacturers focus on CNG vehicle development
Interesting for vehicle fleets in cities such as taxis, busses, delivery vans
Bio-LNG
Huge potential in transport sector, especially long distance transport
Bio-LNG for ferries and seagoing ships
2nd and 3rd generation fuels
Biogas Upgrading Unit
CO2 removal to <50ppm
Pure Biomethane
to LNG liquefaction
Latest Development of Raw Biogas Upgrading into Biomethane
Biogas
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20. 4.2 Biomethane and Bio-CO2
Renewable commodities and raw materials in chemical industry
Bio-CH4 and Bio-CO2
Adding other products to the value chain
Sustainable gases for improving the sustainability of chemical products
Biogas Upgrading Unit
Biomethane
Biogas
Latest Development of Raw Biogas Upgrading into Biomethane
Liquid CO2
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Liquefaction

21. 4.3 Integration of Power to Gas
Storage solution for renewable energies
Power to Gas:
The excess power from renewables is converted into methane using electrolysis and CO2
The methane is then stored in the natural gas grid
If the demand for power increases, the stored gas can be converted back into power
Biogas
Biogas Upgrading Unit
Biomethane
Electrical power
PEM Electrolyzer H2
CO2
Bacteria
CH4
(Optional: Biogas from AD Plant)
Latest Development of Raw Biogas Upgrading into Biomethane
AD plant
Biological
Methanantion
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22. 4.4 Trends Status Quo Opportunities/Trends
Many big BUP units >500 Nm³/h
Majority of BUP based on agricultural crops
A couple of companies dominating the market
Main utilization gas grid injection
Over 200 BUP in Europe, fist established in 1990s in Sweden and Switzerland
Slowly growing availability and acceptance of CNG & LNG vehicles / transport
Opportunities/Trends
Larger amounts of units <350 Nm³/h
Majority of BUP based on biowaste, wastewater, landfill gas and syngases
Over 50 companies supplying BUPs
Main utilization fuel market
Several countries with high targets and potentials of new BUP units, especially in UK, France and Italy
Rapid development in 2. generation fuel sector, dual fuel, long distance transport
Latest Development of Raw Biogas Upgrading into Biomethane
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23. Contact Dr. Tino Weber COO Industrial Systems, Viessmann Group
Phone: +49 (0)6452 /
Fax: +49 (0)6452 /
Internet:
Mail:
Latest Development of Raw Biogas Upgrading into Biomethane
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