1. Issues and Debates
Lesson 9

2. Sorting out Issues and Debates once and for all
Task 1: (10 minutes)
Working in pairs and using the information you gained from the PowerPoints, fill in the issues and debates grid.

3. Sorting out Issues and Debates once and for all
Task 2: (15 minutes)
Empty out the plastic wallet, working in pairs assemble the issues and debates grid.

4. Task 3: Practice exam question
Outline the psychodynamic approach in psychology. Discuss one or more differences between the psychodynamic approach and the humanistic approach. [8 marks]

5. Psychodynamic vs. Humanistic
Difference: Which two approaches are you contrasting?
Point
One difference between the ___________________ approach and the ___________________ is …
Example (Approach 1)
The ___________________ approach suggests [Provide explanation of the difference you are going to discuss] …
Explain (Approach 2)
However, the ___________________ suggests [Explain how approach 2 is difference] …

6. Task 3: Use the grid that you have created in your pairs to individually help you structure two paragraphs.

7. Point Example (Approach 1) Explain (Approach 2)
Difference: Which two approaches are you contrasting?
Point
One difference between the psychodynamic approach and the humanist approach is the extent to which they argue that our behaviour is determined.
Example (Approach 1)
The psychodynamic approach suggests that behaviour is determined by unconscious drives (e.g. the ID) and early childhood experiences, an idea termed psychic determinism.
Explain (Approach 2)
However, the humanist approach suggests that humans control their own environment and are capable of change. Therefore the humanist approach argues that humans have free-will while the psychodynamic approach suggest that our behaviour is determined.

8. Outline the psychodynamic approach in psychology
Outline the psychodynamic approach in psychology. Discuss one or more differences between the psychodynamic approach and the humanistic approach. [8 marks]
Task 4:
on your tables, using all your individual paragraphs, write a model answer to the above title on the whiteboards.

9. Possible differences – discussion
Outline the psychodynamic approach in psychology. Discuss one or more differences between the psychodynamic approach and the humanistic approach. [8 marks]
Possible content – outline:
The concept of the unconscious and role of unconscious in behaviour
Tripartite structure of the personality – id, ego, superego
Psychosexual stages of development
Conflicts – Oedipus and Electra
Defense mechanisms
Psychodynamic approach to therapy – psychoanalysis
Possible differences – discussion
Negativity of Freud in relation to the positive outlook of humanistic psychology
Emphasis on repressed thoughts and emotions, and past experiences (Freud) versus
emphasis on subjective experience of the present and personal growth in the future
Emphasis on unconscious drives/motives versus conscious awareness and experience
Psychic determinism (Freud) versus free will and rational choice
Directive versus non-directive approach to therapy

10. Outline the psychodynamic approach in psychology
Outline the psychodynamic approach in psychology. Discuss one or more differences between the psychodynamic approach and the humanistic approach (8 marks).
Based on the tripartite structure of personality, with the id (unconscious and instant gratification) the ego (operating on reality principle) and super ego (operating on morality principle and unconscious). All behaviour stems from an interplay of these 3. Also psycho-sexual stages of development and whether or not fixation occurs in different stages. The ego can use defence mechanisms to protect itself from the unresolved conflicts with the unconscious. Main difference is the emphasis here is on psychic determinism, while humanistic approach believes as free will. Similarly Freud believed that it was experiences from childhood and the past that affected current behaviour, while humanists believe in the subjective experience of the present. Lastly Freud had a fairly negative view of human behaviour, unlike the very positive view of humanism.