1. Concentrated vs Dilute Solutions

3. Concentrations of Solutions
Concentration = quantity of solute
quantity of solution

4. A solution is dilute if there is a relatively small amount of solute per unit volume of solution.
A solution is concentrated if there is a relatively large amount of solute per unit volume of solution.

5. Percentage concentration
Concentrations of solutions are sometimes expressed as percentages especially on labels of consumer products.

6. Percentage concentration
When the solute is a solid: (w/v) weight/volume
c = mass of solute x 100%
volume of solution
The unit for the mass MUST be in grams.
The unit for the volume MUST be in mL.
i.e. The units must be g/mL
*solution is solute + solvent

7. Percentage concentration
When two liquids are mixed to make a solution: (v/v) volume/volume
c = volume of solute x 100%
volume of solution
Units for both volumes must be the same.
i.e. mL / mL or L / L

8. Concentrations of very small amounts
ppm (parts per million)
ppb (parts per billion)
ppt (parts per trillion)
ppm =grams (g) x 106
volume in mL

9. Used by Chemists: Molar Concentration
molar = number of moles of solute
concentration volume of solution in L
C = n
V (L)
[ ] represents concentration
Units: mol/L or M