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Introduction to Linguistics

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Presentation on theme: "Introduction to Linguistics"— Presentation transcript:

1 Introduction to Linguistics
Laughter and Language A short intro to linguistics Nathalie F. Martin

2 Introduction to Linguistics
LI Nathalie F. Martin Prendre le temps de me presenter

3 Linguists Don’t Necessarily Know Many Languages

4 Linguists do grammar differently

5 Linguists Study Language As It Is Spoken
What Didja Ya Say? Linguists Study Language As It Is Spoken

6 Spoken Language: Slang
Linguists have the tools to study slang!

7 Linguistics Study Communication

8 This Also Covers Non-verbal communication

9 Theoretical linguistics
Phonetics Phonology Morphology Syntax Semantics Pragmatics (Language Sounds) (Language Sounds Interaction) (Word parts) (Arrangement of Words in a Sentence) (Word & sentence Meanings) (Language in Use)

10 Phonetics (Language Sounds): Accents

11 Phonetics (Language Sounds): Pronounciation

12 Phonology: Analysis of sounds within a language

13 Morphology (Word Parts):

14 Syntax: Putting Speech Together
Arrangement of words in sentences (spoken language or written language)

15 Semantics (Word Meanings): Many words have more than one meaning

16 Pragmatics (Language in use)

17 Pragmatics (Language in use)

18 Theoretical Linguistics:
Applied Linguistics Theoretical Linguistics: Phonetic Phonology Morphology Syntax Lexicology Semantic Socio linguistic Dialectology Ethno Language policies and planning Psycho Neuro On peut voir comment les domaines de la linguistique externe pourraient se relier à d’autres matières (neurologie, droit, anthropologie, sociologie, psychologie). Linguists are largely concerned with finding and describing the generalities and varieties both within particular languages and among all language. Applied linguistics takes the result of those findings and "applies" them to other areas. The term "applied linguistics" is often used to refer to the use of linguistic research in language teaching only[citation needed], but results of linguistic research are used in many other areas as well, such as lexicography and translation. "Applied linguistics" has been argued to be something of a misnomer[who?], since applied linguists focus on making sense of and engineering solutions for real-world linguistic problems, not simply "applying" existing technical knowledge from linguistics; moreover, they commonly apply technical knowledge from multiple sources, such as sociology (e.g. conversation analysis) and anthropology. Etc.

19 Lexicographer: dictionaries Foreign language teacher
“What s‘it to me?” Branches and fields of linguistics: Language acquisition Psycholingusitics Sociolinguistics Differences between social classes, gender, age Language preservation Teaching Translation Lexicographer: dictionaries Foreign language teacher Translator Missionary Speech therapist Actor Branches and fields Anthropological linguistics, Semiotics, Philology, Discourse, Structuralism, Post-structuralism, Cognitive linguistics, Cognitive science, Comparative linguistics, Sociolinguistics, Varieties, Developmental linguistics, Discourse Analysis, Descriptive linguistics, Ecolinguistics, Embodied cognition, Endangered languages. History of linguistics, Historical linguistics, Intercultural competence, Lexicography/Lexicology, Linguistic typology, Evolutionary linguistics. Articulatory phonology, Biolinguistics, Computational linguistics, Biosemiotics, Articulatory synthesis, Machine translation, Natural language processing, Speaker recognition (authentication), Speech processing, Speech recognition, Speech synthesis, Concept Mining, Corpus linguistics, Critical discourse analysis, Cryptanalysis, Decipherment, Asemic writing, Grammar Writing. Forensic linguistics, Global language system, Glottometrics, Integrational linguistics, International Linguistic Olympiad, Language acquisition, Language attrition, Language engineering, Language geography, Metacommunicative competence, Microlinguistics, Natural Language Processing, Neurolinguistics, Orthography, Reading, Second language acquisition, Sociocultural linguistics, Stratificational linguistics, Text linguistics, Writing systems, Xenolinguistics.

20 When asked the meaning of « sinner » many of them replied:
Language Acquisition Once in Church, we asked the children in Sunday School to explain the meaning of complicated « christianees » words. When asked the meaning of « sinner » many of them replied: « More Sin » They applied the rule that is used for adjectives like « big » that becomes « bigger », « fat », that becomes « fatter ». They did not yet realize that « sin » is a noun and they did not understand the meaning of the word.

21 Psycholinguistics: Language Anomalies

22 Sociolinguistics: Language differences between Social Classes:

23 Language Difference Between Different Generations

24 Language Difference Between Genders

25 Written or Spoken Language?
Linguistics can study: Texting and it’s effects on written language

26 Preservation of Native Languages

27 Translation Linguists like the ones working for SIL or Wycliff need a good grasp of Linguistic Theory and Practice.

28 Difficulties in translation

29 Doubtful Translations

30 Some words of caution concerning missionary work:


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