1. Fossil fuels

2. What is it???
There are a kind of black stones cut from the mountain in veins, which burn like logs. They maintain the fire better than wood. If you put them on in the evening they will preserve it the whole night and it will be found burning in the morning. Marco Polo

3. 300 YEARS OF FOSSIL FUELS IN 300 SECONDS

4. COAL Black/brown rock that burns Carbonized plant matter (90% Carbon)
Extracted by mining
Found worldwide…
most coal resources are in US-China- Russia-India

5. COAL DISADVANTAGES ADVANTAGES Carbon emissions
Harmful byproducts: CO2 & SO2
Air pollution & acid rain
Nonrenewable
Mining damages ecosystems
ADVANTAGES
Affordable
Abundant (most abundant fossil fuel)
Easy to burn

6. CRUDE OIL Unrefined petroleum Drilling (wells drilled into ground)
LOCATION: shale/tar sand deposits…
Middle East-Russia- North America

7. OIL… DISADVANTAGES ADVANTAGES Greenhouse gas emissions
Water & land pollution
Harmful byproducts: SO2 & CO2
Contribute to acid rain
Limited…run out in ~ 50 years
Promote terrorism/war/violence
Toxic PLASTIC byproducts
ADVANTAGES
High energy density
Accessible
Variety of uses
Reliable
Easy to produce/refine

8. Uses of Crude Oil Source of heat Gasoline Kerosene Diesel fuel
Petroleum
Plastics…home appliances, computer parts, vehicle parts, storage items, shoes, and toys, to thousands of other items.
Clothing: polyester…nylon…rayon…faux fur
Polyurethane (foam/furniture cushions)
Linoleum (flooring)
fertilizer
Medications such as aspirins, antiseptics, antibacterial drugs, etc.

9. NATURAL GAS Hydrocarbon…mainly methane Wells/hydraulic fracturing
Shale deposits

10. DISADVANTAGES ADVANTAGES NATURAL GAS… Toxic Flammable
Complex processing
Nonrenewable
Contributes greenhouse gases
Burns cleaner
Less Carbon emissions
Easy to store & transport
Residential use
Vehicle fuel
affordable

11. COAL BED METHANE Form of natural gas extracted from coal beds
Wells drilled into coal seam; decrease water pressure allowing methane gas to escape
Coal bed deposits

12. COAL BED METHANE

13. COAL BED METHANE…
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
Enhance coal productivity
Domestic sources… so reduce need to import
Relatively clean burning
Water depletion
Water contamination/pollution
Land degradation

14. METHANE HYDRATES “fire ice”
Formed from water & methane gas at high temps & pressure
Extracted by water circulation: hot water pumped into deposits thru wells…raises temperature…break down hydrate…release methane
Found in soft sea bed along continental margins

15. METHANE HYDRATE DEPOSITS

16. METHANE HYDRATES DISADVANTAGES ADVANTAGES Dispersed through oceans
Not cost effective to extract
Contribute to greenhouse gases
Huge deposits available
High energy content

17. Fossil fuels account for 85% worldwide energy consumption
OIL is the major fossil fuel used worldwide for energy

18. Our civilization runs by burning the remains of humble creatures who inhabited the Earth hundreds of millions of years before the first humans came on the scene
Carl Sagan