1. Energy Code Compliance Overview GBCI Approved Credit Hour – Course # AIA Approved Credit LU|HSW – Course #HTS - ECCO
By Brandon Damas
Senior Account Manager at HTS
P.E., HFDP, HBDP, BEMP, BEAP, LEED AP BD+C
ASHRAE TC 9.06 (Healthcare Facilities) PCM
ASHRAE TC 5.05 (Air-to-Air Energy Recovery) PCM
ASHRAE 90.1 Mechanical Subcommittee Voting Member
ASHRAE 90.1 Project Committee Voting Member
Phone:

2. Course Description
This session will focus on complying with the energy code and how codes/standards are developed. There are three ways to show compliance under the current international codes and each option will be explored in more detail. Additionally, the main differences between ASHRAE and IECC 2015 will be discussed to give designers a better idea of which path is right for particular projects all while maintaining proper health, safety, and welfare of projects. Lastly, some common design interpretation questions and answers about the code or standard will be given.

3. Understand how codes and standards are developed
Learning Objectives
Understand how codes and standards are developed
Learn changes between IECC-2012 and IECC-2015
Review compliance paths to meet the energy code
Identify key differences between 90.1 and the IECC
Learn common misconceptions when trying to show compliance to code

4. What is IECC? What is 90.1? Model Energy Codes
International Energy Conservation Code is a building code created by the International Code Council (ICC)
Used by many states and municipalities in their building codes
What is 90.1?
ASHRAE Standard 90.1 is a model energy standard created by ASHRAE
Used by governing bodies as their energy code and is a compliance path within the IECC

5. Consensus code development process
IECC
Revised on 3 year cycles
Consensus code development process
Multiple members across North America
2015 is current version
2018 will be next version
Picks up most of the changes from 90.1 from the previous version through online portal

6. Continuous maintenance code cycle
90.1
Revised on 3 year cycles
Continuous maintenance code cycle
Accredited by ANSI to follow standards
2016 is current version; 2019 will be next version
Envelope, Format and Compliance, Lighting, Mechanical, and Energy cost budget (responsible for App G)

7. 2013 goes into 2015 IECC, 2016 goes into 2018 IECC, etc.
90.1
90.1 standards committee uploads revisions in 90.1 to IECC for review and adoption
2013 goes into 2015 IECC, 2016 goes into 2018 IECC, etc.
Efficiency changes have to be cost justified by modeling

8. 90.1 Goal to show overall improved efficiency each cycle
110 addenda since 2010
Source: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

9. Online Comment Database

10. Free Viewing of IECC and 90.1

11. IECC-2012 vs IECC-2015 2012 2015 Roof Insulation above deck R-20 ci
Metal buildings
R-19 + R-11 LS
Attic and Other
R-38
Walls, Above Grade
Mass
R-7.6 ci
R ci
Metal Framed
R ci
Wood Framed
R-13 + R-3.8 ci or R-20
Window U-factor
Fixed
U-0.46
Operable
U-0.60
U-60
Entrance Doors
U-0.77
Orientation
SEWN
SEW N
SHGC
PF < 0.2
0.25
0.33
0.2 ≤ PF < 0.5
0.30
0.37
PF ≥ 0.5
0.40
Maximum Fenestration Percentage
30% (40% with extra requirements)
*Climate Zone 3 - not residential

12. IECC-2012 vs IECC-2015

13. IECC-2012 vs IECC-2015

14. IECC-2012 vs IECC-2015

15. Compliance Paths to Meet IECC-2015
The requirements of ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1.
The requirements of Sections C402 through C405. In addition, commercial buildings shall comply with Section C406 and tenant spaces shall comply with Section C (Prescriptive path of IECC)
The requirements of Sections C402.5, C403.2, C404, C405.2, C405.3, C405.4, C405.6 and C407. The building energy cost shall be equal to or less than 85 percent of the standard reference design building.

16. Compliance Paths to Meet IECC-2015
C402.5 – Air Leakage – The thermal envelope of buildings shall comply with Sections C through C , or the building thermal envelope shall be tested in accordance with ASTM E 779 at a pressure differential of 0.3 inch water gauge (75 Pa) or an equivalent method approved by the code official and deemed to comply with the provisions of this section when the tested air leakage rate of the building thermal envelope is not greater than 0.40 cfm/ft

17. Compliance Paths to Meet IECC-2015
C403.2 – building mechanical systems requirements and & 403.4
Table equipment efficiencies
Controls
Ventilation
DCV
Energy recover ventilation
Kitchen exhaust
Ductwork
Insulation
Fan horsepower

18. Compliance Paths to Meet IECC-2015
C403.2 – building mechanical systems requirements and & 403.4
Fan airflow control
Hydronic control
Boiler turndown
Cooling towers and tower fans
Multiple zones
VAVs
Fractional HP motors

19. Compliance Paths to Meet IECC-2015
C404 – This section covers the minimum efficiency of, and controls for, service water-heating equipment and insulation of service hot water piping.
C405.2 – Lighting systems shall be provided with controls as specified in Sections C , C , C , C and C
Occupant sensors
Time switch
Light reduction controls
Daylighting
Exterior lighting

20. Compliance Paths to Meet IECC-2015
C405.3 – Exit signs
Internally illuminated exit signs shall not be more than 5 watts per side.

21. Compliance Paths to Meet IECC-2015
C405.4 – A building complies with this section where its total connected lighting power calculated under Section C is not greater than the interior lighting power calculated under Section C
C405.4 – INTERIOR LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCES: BUILDING AREA METHOD
Dormitory – 0.57 w/ft2
Hospital – 1.05 w/ft2
Hotel – 0.87 w/ft2
Office – 0.82 w/ft2

22. Compliance Paths to Meet IECC-2015
C405.6 – Electrical energy consumption
Each dwelling unit located in a Group R-2 building shall have a separate electrical meter.
C407 – Total building performance
Energy model for the building
Energy cost of proposed building shall be equal to or less than 85 percent of the standard reference design building.
Have to meet all electrical and lighting requirements in C405

23. How the Architect visualized it
How the Engineer designed it
How the project manager understood it
What the budget allowed
How Health & Safety wanted it
What the Owner described
When it was delivered
How the contractor installed it
What the Owner paid for
What the Owner received
How the project was documented
What the Owner really needed

24. IECC-2015 vs

25. Mandatory requirements – have to comply with no matter what
IECC & 90.1 Terminology
Mandatory requirements – have to comply with no matter what
Prescriptive requirements – can comply with by meeting the prescriptive values or model performance to show compliance if you can’t meet those items

26. IECC-2015 vs 90.1-2013 – Mandatory vs Prescriptive
Mandatory requirements in IECC but prescriptive in 90.1
Fan efficiency grade (FEG 67 and within 15% peak efficiency)
System fan power limit
Exhaust air energy recovery
Kitchen exhaust system requirements
Exit sign limits

27. IECC-2015 vs
Solar reflectance - IECC requirements the same as 90.1 other than 90.1 allowing you to increase the roof insulation to meet the requirement
Air barriers – IECC not required in climate zone 2B; 90.1 has this exception plus not required in semi-heated spaces in climate zones 1-6.
Swinging door leakage – IECC = 0.20 CFM/ft2; 90.1 = 1.0 CFM/ft2
Vestibule exception – IECC doors open less than 3,000 square feet; 90.1 has this but also has other exceptions based on climate zones and square feet

28. IECC-2015 vs 90.1-2013 – Insulation (3)
Roof
Insulation above deck
R-25 ci
Metal buildings
R-19 + R-11 LS
R-10 + R-19 FC
Attic and Other
R-38
Walls, Above Grade
Mass
R-7.6 ci
R ci
R-0 + R-9.8 ci
Metal Framed
R ci
R-13 + R-5 ci
Wood Framed
R-13 + R-3.8 ci or R-20
R-13
Window U-factor
Fixed
U-0.46
U-0.50
Operable
U-0.60
Entrance Doors
U-0.77
Maximum Fenestration Percentage
30% (40% with extra requirements)
40%
= more stringent requirement

29. IECC-2015 vs 90.1-2013 – Economizer Fault Detection & Diagnostics
IECC (Mandatory)
Temperature sensor installed (OA, SA, and RA)
Unit controller must indicate:
Free cooling available.
Economizer enabled.
Compressor enabled.
Heating enabled.
Mixed air low limit cycle active.
The current value of each sensor.
90.1 – not required
Yet
FDD System must detect:
Air temperature sensor failure/fault.
Not economizing when the unit should be economizing.
Economizing when the unit should not be economizing.
Damper not modulating.
Excess outdoor air.

30. IECC-2015 vs 90.1-2013 – Air Economizer
IECC Exceptions
Other than 1A or 1B <54,000 Btu/h and either:
DX Coils
Chilled water system capacity without economizer less than minimum specified in Table C403.3(1)
25% air humidified above 35°F dew point for process
Systems that include a heat recovery system in accordance with Section C (Service water heating)
Efficiency improvement in 2B, 3B, or 4B
Waterside economizer
90.1 Exceptions
Other than 1A or 1B <54,000 Btu/h
Non particulate air treatment required by 62.1
75% air (hospitals & ASCs) and 25% in other buildings above 35°F dew point for process
Efficiency >= improvement in table (3A is 27%)
Waterside economizer

31. Compliance Paths to Meet IECC-2015
C403.3 – Each cooling system shall include either an air or water economizer complying with Sections C through C Table equipment efficiencies

32. IECC-2015 vs 90.1-2013 – Additional Efficiency
IECC - Buildings shall comply with at least one of the following
More efficient HVAC performance in accordance with Section C (10% increased efficiency)
Reduced lighting power density system in accordance with Section C (90% of LPD)
Enhanced lighting controls in accordance with Section C (digital controls system and functional test)
On-site supply of renewable energy in accordance with Section C406.5.
Provision of a dedicated outdoor air system for certain HVAC equipment in accordance with Section C406.6.
High-efficiency service water heating in accordance with Section C406.7.

33. IECC-2015 vs 90.1-2013 – Equipment Efficiencies
– Heat Pumps
IECC is 12.0
IECC is 11.8
IECC is 9.4

34. IECC-2015 vs 90.1-2013 – Equipment Efficiencies
– Boilers
IECC is 80%
IECC is 80%
IECC is 75%
IECC is 80%

35. IECC-2015 vs 90.1-2013 – Equipment Efficiencies
– Chillers
IECC the Same

36. IECC-2015 vs 90.1-2013 – Equipment Efficiencies
– Cooling Towers
IECC the Same

37. IECC-2015 vs 90.1-2013 – Equipment Efficiencies
– VRF
IECC, no requirement, yet

38. Humor Break
Q: Why did the engineers cross the road? A: Because they looked in the file and that's what they did last year. The optimist sees the glass as half full. The pessimist sees the glass as half empty. The engineer sees the glass with an appropriate safety factor. The architect presents that glass to the owner so they feel the glass is however full they need it to be.

39. 90.1-2013 Additional Requirements

40. 90.1-2013 Additional Requirements
Automatic receptacle control
At least 50% of all 125-volt 15- and 20-amp receptacles in all private offices, conference rooms, rooms used primarily for printing and/or copying functions, break rooms, classrooms, and individual workstations
At least 25% of branch circuit feeders installed for modular furniture not shown on the construction documents
Controlled shall function:
a scheduled basis using a time-of-day operated control device that turns receptacles off at specific programmed times—an independent program schedule shall be provided for controlled areas of no more than 5000 ft2 and not more than one floor (the occupant shall be able to manually override the control device for up to two hours),
an occupant sensor that shall turn receptacles off within 20 minutes of all occupants leaving a space, or
an automated signal from another control or alarm system that shall turn receptacles off within 20 minutes after determining that the area is unoccupied.

41. 90.1-2013 Additional Requirements
Electrical Metering
Installed in new buildings to monitor electrical energy for:
Total electrical energy
HVAC systems
Interior lighting
Exterior lighting
Receptacle circuits
Recording every 15 minutes and stored for 36 months

42. Common Compliance Questions
Do you need economizer?
Can you show compliance to 90.1 with your
appendix G energy model?
Is energy recovery actually required for all buildings?
Can I simultaneously heat and cool?
Do I really need to include all fan HP values in the fan HP limit? Really? Even exhaust fans?

43. Common Compliance Questions
Do you need economizer?
Depends.
Are you planning on following 90.1 or IECC? What year?
What climate zone are you in?
What size and type of equipment do you have?

44. Common Compliance Questions
2. Can you show compliance to 90.1 with your
appendix G energy model?
Short answer is No.
Long answer is 90.1 passed addendum BM for 2013 that allows Appendix G energy model to be used to show compliance to the standard.
Chapter 6 updated for 2016 that allows that compliance path.

45. Common Compliance Questions
3. Is energy recovery actually required for all buildings?
Yes, if you meet the requirements

46. Common Compliance Questions
4. Can I simultaneously heat and cool?
Yes, if you meet the one of the following (other exceptions also):
VAV systems with DDC, 20% of the zone design peak supply rate.
The volume of outdoor air necessary to meet the ventilation requirements of ASHRAE Standard 62.1 for the zone.
Any higher rate that can be demonstrated, to the satisfaction of the authority having jurisdiction
The airflow rate required to comply with applicable codes or accreditation standards. This includes zones where special pressurization relationships occur, there are cross-contamination requirements, or there are code-required minimum circulation rates.
Dehumidification
50% or less of design airflow rate or minimum of 62.1 VRP
Individual unit has cooling capacity of 65,000 Btu/h or less and at 50% of capacity or less
Individual cooling unit less than 40,000 Btu/h
Process spaces
90% is site recovered heating energy
Heat added is by desiccant and then 75% of heat is removed before or after the desiccant by energy recovery

47. Common Compliance Questions
5. Do I really need to include all fan HP values in the fan HP limit? Really? Even exhaust fans?
Each HVAC system at fan system design conditions shall not exceed the allowable fan system motor nameplate hp (Option 1) or fan system bhp (Option 2) as shown in Table
With both options, the power limit applies to all fans that operate at peak design conditions, including primary supply fans, return fans, exhaust fans, and series-type fan-powered VAV boxes. Parallel-type fan-powered VAV boxes typically do not operate at fan system design conditions and would not be included.

48. Quiz How often is 90.1 and IECC updated?
Trick question. They are updated continuously but published every 3 years.
True or False. Under IECC 2015, path B chiller efficiencies for air cooled chillers don’t apply.
False. As of 2015, you can improve part load efficiencies for air cooled chillers and sacrifice a little full load to show compliance to the code.
How many compliance paths are in the 2015 IECC?
Three
True or False. Economizer is easier to not include in projects following 90.1.
True. It depends on a lot of factors but there are more ways to remove economizer in than there are in IECC-2015

49. Email: brandon.damas@hts.com
Questions ?
Brandon Damas