1. Egyptian Culture
Chapter 3
Section 2

2. Key Terms
Obelisk
Mummification
Hieroglyphics
Papyrus
Rosetta Stone

3. Gods and Godesses Worshiped many Few central
Osiris- king and judge of the dead
Isis-nature and protector of women
Horus-god of the sky, pharaohs thought to be human form
Anubis-judge of and protector of cemeteries

4. Re- god of the sun, father of pharaohs
Anubis weighed the souls of the dead
Light soul, good life
Heavy soul fed to terrible monster

5. Temples and Religious Pratices
Built temples to honor the gods
Obelisks- tall thin pillars with pyramid shaped tops (single stone)
Priests performed rituals
Caring for gods left to the priests

6. Mummification and Burial
Belief in afterlife
Elaborate rituals for death
Ka-individuals personality
Thought Ka would shrivel if body decomposed

7. Mummification and Burial
Prevent breakdown of dead body
Only kings and royal family
Remove internal organs
Brain through nose
Heart left in body
Organs placed in jars

8. Burial Buried with all their possessions Food and drink
Pharaohs had treasures and riches
Statues for servants

9. Daily Life Images on tomb walls Items buried Clothing cosmetics
Furniture
tools

10. Social Structure Highly stratified Pharaoh and royal family
Government officials
Priests
Scribe
Military leaders
Were the wealthiest

11. Social Structure 90% peasants farmers
Recruited to build large projects
Slaves
Not large part of population
Less rigid
Gain status as a scribe
Ability to read and write

12. Home and Family Life Varied by class Pharaohs married their sisters
Royalty had more than one wife
Lived as family units
Poor tiny hut
Wealthy brick home, few rooms

13. Women and Children Women take care of children Women had rights
Could be priestess
Inherit property
Divorce husbands
Girls learned how to raise children
Boys learned trades

14. Appearance and Customs
Shaved heads and wore wigs
Wore perfume and makeup
Clothing linen and wool
Men wore long skirts
Gold jewelry
Sports, boating, hunting

15. Egyptian Art Very distinctive Torsos are straight on
Detailed and colorful
Illustration of stories
Found on walls of tombs
Torsos are straight on
Head, arms legs from side
Gods and pharaohs drawn much larger

16. Egyptian Writing Recorded all kinds of events
Hieroglyphics-uses pictures from symbols to represent sounds, objects
Hieratic/Demotic- for fast writing religious
Papyrus- made from reeds still around

17. Egyptian Writing Rosetta Stone Same text written in three scripts
Hieroglyphics
Demotic
Ancient Greek
Using Greek text figured out meaning
Unlocked the mystery of Egypt

18. Egyptian Math and Science
Used it to improve their lives
Add, subtract, multiply, divide
Geometry
Medicine
Human anatomy
Surgical procedures
Used medicine from plants