1. The Odyssey Books X,Xl,Xll
By:Savannah Medellin, Juliana Santos,
Kimberlyn Benson and Abbie Biswell

2. Book X Summary
The book begins with Odysseus, talking about how Aiolos the warden of winds, hosted him for one month at his home. Odysseus gets permission from Aiolos to sail, and he is given a bag of winds to get back home. Ten days into sailing, his shipmates are tempted to open the bag with winds, thinking it was gold and silver. They untied the bag and all the winds came out resulting in a hurricane, sending the ship back to Aiolia. Odysseus then goes back out to sea, and six days into his voyage, he lands on the land of Lamos. In Lamos, Laistygonệs and his men shoot giant boulders toward Odysseus, his crew, and his ship. They immediately cut the cable from the ship and set sail. His next stop was on Aiaia, island of Kirkệ a witch who turns Odysseus crew into pigs; by adding a drug to the wine they drink, and casting a spell on them. Hermes appears to Odysseus, and tells him that he must eat a plant, named Molu, to avoid turning into a pig. Odysseus does as instructed, and he does not turn into a pig; making Kirkệ want to sleep with him. She turns his crew back to humans, allows them to bath and offers them food. Such hospitality made Odysseus and his crew stay with her for a year. At the end of the book, Kirkệ tells Odysseus that before he goes home, he must go to the underworld to talk to the prophet Teirệsias, who will instruct him on how to get home.

3. Book X Specifics
Odysseus shipmates open the bag of winds (pg 166 line 51-52)
Hurricane of the winds occurs (pg 166 line 53-54)
Laistrygonệs and his men shoot giant boulders toward Odysseus’ men and their ship. (pg line )
Kirkệ turns men into pigs (pg 172 line )
Kirkệ swore not to cast any spells to harm Odysseus(pg 176 line 388
Kirkệ tells Odysseus he must sail to the land of Death(pg 180 line 543,544)

4. Book X- Quiz Who gave Odysseus the bag of winds?
What did Odysseus shipmates think was in the bag?
What was the name of the witch?
Where must Odysseus go before he goes home?
“You shall not stay here longer against your will; but home you may not go unless you take a strange way round and come to the cold homes of…”( page 180 line )

5. Book Xl Summary
Odysseus travels tothe House of Death. There he spreads libations and performs sacrifices like Kirke told him to. First Odysseus sees Elpenor. Elpenor asks to have a proper burial after he broke his legs and neck off Kirke’s roof. In the book Elpenor says, “My neck bone, buckled under, snapped, and my spirit found this well of dark.”Second that Odysseus sees is Teiresias, a Theban prophet. Teiresias reveals that Poseidon is mad that Odyyseus blinded his son the Kyklops and tells his how to appease Poseidon. He tells of Odysseus's fate and says that he will return home to his son and wife but will make another travel to appease Poseidon. He warns Odysseus not to harm or kill the cattle of the Sun when he goes to this land, Thrinacia, or else he will not return home without suffering, hardship, and losing his crew. Thrinacia then parts and Odysseus calls other spirits. He talks to his mother and she tells him about the affairs with Ithica and relates of how she died of grief waiting for his return. After his mother he talks to famous heroes stories.

6. He then gets tired and asks to sleep but the King and Queen urge him to keep going asking if he's met any of the Greeks that fell in Troy in Hades. He talks about his encounters there. He met Agamemnon and Achilles. He also tries speaking to Ajax. Odysseus as well sees Hercules, King Minos, The hunter of Orion, and others. He witnesses punishment to Sisyphus who tries to roll a boulder over a hill but once it gets to the top it rolls back down. And the punishment of Tantalus who is suffering of hunger and thirst. He sits in a pool of water with grapes hanging over him and when he reaches for the grapes they go higher and when he bends down to drink water the pool sinks out of reach. Odysseus is then mobbed by many souls wishing to ask about relatives in the world above and he is frightened and goes back to his ship and immediately sails away

7. Book Xl Specifics
Took way along ocean stream to find the place Kirkê told them about pg line 22
Elêpanor is left dead in Kirkê hall pg 186 lines 55-56
Odysseus cries for pity pg 186 line 58
Odysseus promises Elêpanor the barrow and burial pg. 187 line 90
Teiresias drinks blood from Odysseus’s sacrifice pg 188 line 111
Telemakhos is growing up hopeless waiting for Odysseus’s return pg 191 lines
Agamemnon tells Odysseus his story about his death pg 198 (whole pg)
Agamemnon is bitter towards women pg 199 lines

8. Book XI Specifics Continued
Odysseus runs into spirits from his friends of the Trojan War pg 201 line 590
Aias ignores Odysseus’s question of forgetting their argument pg 203 lines
Odysseus fled back to his ship to leave the underworld when the shades started coming in thousands pg 206 lines

9. Book XI- Quiz
Who does Odysseus meet with first when he travels to the river of Ocean?
Does Odysseus get tired of meeting with people or does he not complain?
Why does Odysseus stop meeting with spirits?

10. Book XII- Summary
Odysseus returns to Aeaea, where Elpenor is buried and spends one last night with Kirkệ. She describes the obstacles that he will face on his voyage home, and tells him how to handle them. As he sets sail, Odysseus tells his crew everything they will undergo to withstand this journey. They approach the island of the Sirens, and Odysseus, as instructed by Kirke, plugs his men’s ears with beeswax, and has his men bind him to the mast of the ship. He hears their song flowing from the island, promising to reveal the future. Once they had passed the Sirens’ island, Odysseus and his men must navigate through Skylla and Charydbis. Skylla is a six-headed monster who, when ships pass, swallows one sailor for each head. Charybdis is an enormous whirlpool that threatens to swallow the entire ship. As instructed by Kirkệ,Odysseus holds his course tight against the cliffs of Skylla’s lair, where the monster gobbles up six of his men. Odysseus then reaches Thrinacia, the island of Helios cattle. He wants to avoid it entirely, but Eurylokhos persuades him to rest his crew there. The wind keeps them stranded on the island for a month, and food resources become very limited. Eurylokhos persuades the crew to disobey Odysseus, and slaughter the cattle of Helios. One afternoon when Odysseus goes out to pray in solitude, he comes to find the cattle have been slaughtered. Helios soon finds out, and asks Zeus to punish Odysseus and his crew. Shortly after, Odysseus and his crew set sail in which they are faced with a terrible storm, created by Zeus. This leaves the entire crew beneath waves, except for Odysseus who had barely survived. The storm sweeps him away leading him back to Charybdis, in which he escapes for the second time. Then later reaches Ogygia, Kalypso’s island.

11. Book XII- Specifics
The Ithakans return to Aeaea to recover Elpenors body, and go through proper funeral rites. (pg.209, lines )
Kirkệ offers a feast for Odysseus and his men, as she describes to Odysseus the obstacles he will face during his voyage home. (pg , lines 25-33)
Odysseus and his men reach the island of Sirens, where he plugs his mens ears with beeswax, while he is binded to the mast of the ship to listen to their song. (pg , lines )
Odysseus sails outward Skylla’s lair, while him and his men stare back at Charybdis on the other side, and the heads of Skylla gobble up six of his men. (pg.217, lines )
Odysseus sails to Thrinacia, where his men are stranded on an island with a limited food supply, and later slaughter the cattle of Helios. (pg , lines )
As Odysseus sets sail, Helios calls upon Zeus to punish Odysseus and his men, thus creating a huge storm in which kills them all, leaving Odysseus barely alive. (pg , lines & lines ) “Sailing directions, landmarks, perils, I shall sketch for you, to keep you from being caught by land or water in some black sack of trouble.” (page. 210, lines 30-33)

12. Book XII- Quiz
What does Odysseus do when he approaches the island of the Sirens?
What are Skylla and Charybdis?
What do Odysseus and his men do on the island of the Sun?

13. Connections
In Book I Agísthos is tempted to be with Agamémnon’s wife even though he knows he will die if he is. In Book X Odysseus shipmates are tempted to open the bag of winds. (pg 2 and pg 166)
Agamémnon’s wife cheating and killing him in Book I leads to Agamémnon in Book XI to reveal to Odysseus he despises all women.(pg 2 and pg 199)
In Book IX the chapter is told in present tense, and then changes to the past tense. Book IX describes when Odysseus tells the Phaeacians the story of his wanderings. Book XII Odysseus foretells his voyage journey with his crew. In which they undergo many dangerous adventures.

14. Predictions Alkinoös will help Odysseus get home
Odysseus will get home safely
Telémahkos will give his father a proper welcome back
Poseidon will change his mind about Odysseus and forgive him
Penelope will not have to marry any of the suitors before Odysseus comes back home.

15. Themes
Hospitality Hospitality is a reoccurring theme throughout the story because in Book I Telệmakhos hosts Athena and even gets upset with himself for thinking she waited to long for him which shows how important hospitality is in Greek culture. Similarly in Book X Aiolos hosted Odysseus in his home for one month providing the necessities for Odysseus as a host.
Storytelling
Storytelling is another persistent theme because in Books X, XI, and XII and throughout the book,Odysseus foretells many of his adventures, to people he meets throughout his journey back home.

16. Literary Devices Similes Epithets Dramatic Irony
The author uses similes throughout the story to compare two unlike things to one another.
Epithets
“A term or phrase used to characterize a character, an object, or an event.”
Dramatic Irony
The author uses dramatic irony throughout the story to show that the characters words and actions are clear to the audience, but are unknown to the character.

17. Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9fwoTWlrfYg
Books X, XI, XII 11:27-15:34

18. Literary Devices: CliffsNotes
Works Cited
Images: Google Images
Literary Devices: CliffsNotes
Video: Youtube
Sparknotes

19. The End!