1. The Victorian Age It signs the triumph of capitalism
and competition
It is collocated in the 19th century during Queen Victoria’s reign
People should
learn something
by art
The Victorian Age
Novel became very important:
The third person omniscent narrator
The prevailing of the technique of telling
It shows what is wrong and what is right
It offers a moral
There is a chronological concept of time
It is very similar to reality
Daniel Defoe wrote “Robinson Crouse” and
Henry Fielding wrote “Tom Jones”

2. “The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection “
Charles Darwin
“The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection “
Men were not created by God. People could no longer believe in God because he doesn’t exist
Friedrich Nietzsche
“God is dead”
Albert Einstein
“General Theory
of Relativity”
Space and time do not exist as separate phenomena. Past and future exist together with the present in people’s mind
Henri Bergson
William James
Carl Jung
“The Psychology of the Unconscious”
Sigmund Freud
“The Interpretations of Dreams”
The unconscious part of mind

3. Modernism
It rejected the old Victorian standards of art: art should not teach something
It is the movement from which Postmodernism seems to emerge
It is located during the first three decades of the 20th century
LITERATURE:
Plot is reduced to the minimum
The eciplice of narrator
The prevailing of the showing technique
The inner monologue
Focus the phycology
The shift of the point of view
Poetical language
It is more important
HOW you say something
rather than
WHAT you say

4. The major figures of modernism literature
Thomas Stearns Eliot
Marcel Proust
Etza Pound
Franz Kafka
Wallace Stevens
Rainer Maria Mallarme

5. Virginia Woolf The adoption of the interior monologue
Plot is reduced to the minimum
There are both simultaneous time and chronological time
Omniscient third person narrator
The shift of the point of view
Poetical language with poetical devices
She lived from 1882 to 1941
and is considered one of the
most relevant writers of Modernism.
“Mrs Dalloway” 1925

6. James Joyce Stream of consciousness technique First person narrator
Simultaneous time
No punctuation: formal aspect is relevant in Modernism
It is very similar to reality
The reader should works hard to understand everything
“Ulysses”: it is sat in Dublin, in 16 June It is connected to Homer’s Odissea
Nicolò Zentilin 5A 2010/2011