1. Early Chinese civilizations
SSWH2.C,D

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In 1976, archaeologists discovered the tomb of Lady Hao. She was a queen and military leader of the Shang Dynasty. She died around 1200BCE. What can you infer (hypothesize) about the Shang Dynasty from the artifacts found in the tomb?

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Basin from Lady Hao’s Tomb

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Jade Tiger from Lady Hao’s Tomb

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Remains from Lady Hao’s Tomb

6. I. Geography

7. II. Shang dynasty 1700 BCE – 1027 BCE Class-based society
Large, walled cities with nobles living inside the walls and peasants living outside.
Written language
Shang Dynasty was the first in China to develop writing
Each word = different character
Only the wealthiest would have been literate

8. III. Zhou Dynasty ZHOU Replaced the SHANG Dynasty in 1027 BCE.
The Zhou adopted most of Shang culture, so daily life in China didn’t change with the Dynasties.

10. III. A. Mandate of heaven-a ruler’s right to rule because the gods give him their approval
MANDATE OF HEAVEN was used by the Zhou as a reason for overthrowing the Shang Dynasty
A just leader had god’s approval – known as the “Mandate of Heaven”

11. Strong King provides peace and wealth, so it claims to have the “Mandate of Heaven”
Wealth declines, leaders become corrupt
Natural disasters occur (floods, famines, revolts)
People think the Dynasty has lost the “Mandate of Heaven”
New Dynasty leads rebellion and gains control
The Dynastic Cycle

12. III. C. Feudalism Kings had all the power and owned all the land
They gave use of the land to noble families
Peasants worked for the nobles
Everyone depended on the king for land and protection

13. The “warring states period”
Decline of the zhou dynasty
The “warring states period”
Towards the end of the Zhou Dynasty, territorial leaders began to see themselves as kings.
They constantly fought with each other for power
This conflict weakened China

14. Zhou Accomplishments:
developed technology for irrigation, drainage, waterways, canals, dikes, and dams
use of iron in developing iron casting for tools and weapons
Improved math in fractions, geometry
Compass
Established new philosophies
established feudalism

15. IV. B. Confucianism attempts to restore order in china
Who was Confucius?
A scholar who started a new ethical system (a belief of right and wrong) to achieve stability in family, government and society. He believed honor and well ordered relationships could accomplish this.

16. Confucius attempts to restore order in china by teaching
Five relationships that organized society:
1. Ruler and subject
2. Father and son
3. Husband and wife
4. Older brother and younger brother
5. friend and friend

17. How were these relationships related to an orderly society?
Honor and respect for authority is taught in the roles of each society.

18. Filial Piety: Respect given to parents and ancestors given by devoting one’s life to their parents and performing memorial rituals after their death

19. Patriarchial family
Patriarchial males hold primary power and dominate roles of political leadership, moral authority and control of women and children. This power is inherited by sons.

20. Confucius quotes
Learning without thought is labor lost; thought without learning is perilous.
Recompense injury with justice, and recompense kindness with kindness.
It does not matter how slowly you go so long as you do not stop.
Our greatest glory is not in never falling, but in getting up every time we do.

21. Qin Dynasty will overthrow zhou

22. Confucianism is destroyed and replaced with legalism
A well-ordered society is achieved by good relationships and families
Education and ideas are good for society
Legalism
A well-ordered society is achieved by a powerful and efficient government
Punishments are good for order
Ideas should be controlled by the government

23. Qin Dynasty
A. Legalism Establishes a Dynasty:
In 200 BC, Became King at 13, changed his name to
Shi Huangdi used the ideas of Legalism to defeat many of the warring states and unify China under the Qin Dynasty
Burned books and had hundreds of Confucian scholars murdered

24. V. Qin Dynasty B. Shi Huangdi Builds the Great Wall of China
Peasant and slave labor was ordered to build a massive defensive wall along the Qin’s northern boarder

25. Great wall of china

26. Shi Huangdi’s terrocotta army

27. Shi Huangdi’s terrocotta army

28. Shi Huang Di’s Accomplishments:
Standardized writing system
standardized currency, weights and measures, wagons and chariots.
Built road systems that improved trade
Built advanced weaponry
Built the Great Wall of China