1. CORD – Technical Overview
Tom Anschutz
Architecture & Planning
1057 Lenox Park Blvd.
Room A473
Atlanta, GA 30319
Thanks go to Larry Peterson for these charts. Also, there is a video available of Larry presenting this:
For the video, the talk starts at 0:02:30.

2. What is CORD? CORD is a Vision CORD is an Architecture
A goal the open source community is working towards
CORD is an Architecture
A collection of abstractions and interfaces
CORD is a Reference Implementation
An integrated system built from concrete components
CORD is a Vision
A common goal the community is working towards
Start with Business Case  Reduce to Design Requirements
CORD is an Architecture
A collection of abstractions and interfaces
Start with an Organizing Principle Iterate-and-Refine
CORD is a Reference Implementation
An integrated system built from concrete components
Make Technology Choices  Be More Inclusive with Time

3. CORD Vision – Business Case
Economies of a datacenter
Infrastructure built with a few commodity building blocks using open source software and white-box switches
Agility of a cloud provider
Software platforms that enable rapid creation of new services
From Access-as-a-Service to Software-as-a-Service
Both Bundled Legacy and Disaggregated Greenfield
If you go and talk to service providers around the globe they will tell you they want essentially two things:
1. Economies of a data center
2. Agility of a cloud provider
Each service provider may articulate it differently but it comes down to these two high level requirements.
What do these requirements mean?
This means service providers want to build their infrastructure like the datacenters – that is build it using a few commodity building blocks that use open source software and hardware.
For example datacenters use commodity servers, white boxes for the leaf and spine switches, and many open source software platforms and tools.
The net result is that the service providers can scale their infrastructure and significantly reduce capex and opex.
Agility means they want to introduce new revenue generating services quickly – what cloud providers do so well.
In short this comes down to: reduce expenses and grow revenue
Every business needs to do that, especially service providers given their business realities and compete well with OTT providers.

4. CORD Architecture Open Source Software XaaS Commodity Hardware
Everything-as-a-Service

5. CORD Architecture – Organizing Principle
Cloud
SDN
NFV
XaaS

6. CORD Architecture – Organizing Principle
Cloud
Extends the agility of micro-services to the access network
SDN
NFV
XaaS
Interconnects VNFs and is
a source of innovative new VNFs
Supports legacy VNFs and
pushes the limits of disaggregation

7. CORD Architecture – Hardware
AT&T Open GPON
48-port, 1RU, I/O Box
Leaf-Spine
Fabric
ROADM
(Core)
PON
OLT MACs
PON
OLT MACs
GPON
(Access)
For illustration purposes; sizing is done independent of general design.
10GPON also an option (as is Mobile-CORD and Enterprise-CORD).
Commodity Servers, Storage, Switches, and I/O

8. CORD Architecture – Software
CORD Controller
vOLT
Controller
vSG
vRouter
Residential
Subscribers
vCDN
Controller
OpenStack
Controller
Controller
Monitoring
ONOS
Everything-as-a-Service (XaaS)

9. Disaggregating the C.O. CPE – Customer Premises Equipment
Residence
Central Office
vRouter
vSG
vOLT
Backbone
Network
CPE
ONU
OLT
ETH AGG
BNG
CPE – Customer Premises Equipment
OLT – Optical Line Termination
BNG – Broadband Network Gateway

10. Disaggregation CPE – Customer Premises Equipment
Residence
Central Office
vRouter
vSG
vOLT
Backbone
Network
CPE
ONU
OLT
ETH AGG
BNG
Switching Fabric
CPE – Customer Premises Equipment
OLT – Optical Line Termination
BNG – Broadband Network Gateway

11. End-to-End Path LAN-Side WAN-Side Controller Controller Controller
vBNG
vOLT
Controller
Controller
vRouter
vRouter
vRouter
Controller
LAN-Side
WAN-Side
vSG
vSG
vSG
vSG
vBNG
vCDN
Controller

12. End-to-End Path Controller Controller Controller Controller vBNG
vOLT
Controller
Controller
vRouter
vRouter
vRouter
Controller
vSG
ONU
vSG
vSG
vSG
vBNG
vCDN
Controller

13. CORD Architecture – Software
CORD Controller
vOLT
Controller
vSG
vRouter
Residential
Subscribers
vCDN
Controller
OpenStack
Controller
Controller
Monitoring
ONOS
Everything-as-a-Service (XaaS)

14. CORD Architecture – Models
Controller
Instance
Instance
Instance
Instance
Instance
Instance
Instance
Instance
Instance
Instance =
(VM | Container |
Container-in-VM)
Slice =
(Instances[ ] + Networks[ ])
Service =
(Controller + Slices[ ])
Controller
Controller
Controller
Subscriber
vOLT
vSG
vRouter
Service Graph =
(Tenants[ ]+ Services[ ] + Dependencies[ ])

15. Data Plane Services vSG (Compute Instance = Container) vCDN
Tenant1
TenantN
Tenant1
TenantN
Compute Instance
Compute
Instance
Compute
Instance
Compute
Instance
Service
Instance
Service
Instance
Service Instance
Service Instance
. . .
. . .
vSG
(Compute Instance = Container)
vCDN
(Compute Instance = VM)

16. Control Plane Services
T1 T2 .. TN
T1 T2 .. TN
Instance
Instance
vOLT
vRouter
vOLT
vRouter
ONOS

17. CORD Architecture – Interfaces
Design Time Configuration Interface
On-Board Services and Configure Service Graph
Runtime Control Interface
Provision and Scale Services
Instantiate and Manage Service Instances
Monitor Service Performance and Behavior

18. CORD Architecture – Interfaces
CORD Controller
REST API
(also TOSCA)
vOLT
Controller
vSG
vRouter
Residential
Subscribers
vCDN
Controller
OpenStack
Controller
Controller
Monitoring
ONOS

19. (Authoritative State)
On-Boarding Services
Data Model
(Authoritative State)
REST API
On-Boarding
a Service
CORD Controller =
Synchronizer
(Activates the State)
Backend
Resources
(Operational State)

20. Runtime Control – Subscriber API
GET
Response: {
"humanReadableName": ”John Doe"
"id": 1
"features": {
"cdn": true
"uplink_speed":
"downlink_speed":
"uverse": true
"status": "enabled" }
"identity": {
"account_num": "123"
"related": {
"instance_name": "mysite_vcpe"
"vsg_id": 4
"c_tag": "432"
"instance_id": 1
"wan_container_ip": null
"volt_id": 3
"s_tag": "222" } -

21. CORD Reference Implementation
CORD POD
An open virtualized service delivery platform that provides cloud economies and agility.
From Access-as-a-Service
to Software-as-a-Service.
Hardware Blueprint
Bill of Materials
– OCP Servers
– OCP Switches
– OCP Access Blades
Assembly Instructions
– …
Testing Infrastructure
Open Source Software
Core Components
– OpenStack
– Docker
– ONOS
– XOS
Access Services
– R: vOLT, vSG, vRouter
– E: vOAM, vCE,…
– M: vBBU, vPGW,…
– …
Other Services
– Monitoring
Ciena and Radisys to provide turnkey CORD PODS
Configured for Different Domains:
Residential, Enterprise, Mobile

22. CORD POD – Hardware Spine-1 Spine-2 Internet Router Leaf-1 Leaf-2
Compute-1
Compute-2
Compute-3
Compute-4
OLT-1
Home
Router
OLT-2
40Gbps
1Gbps
Management Network
3x40Gbps

23. CORD POD – Software Stack
Access-
as-a-Service
Subscriber-
as-a-Service
Internet-
as-a-Service
CDN
Monitoring-
as-a-Service
XOS
Ceilometer
vSG
vCDN
OpenStack / Docker
VTN
Fabric
Control
Multicast
Control
vOLT
vRouter
ONOS

24. CORD – Field Trial Access the Internet Stream (Cached) Video Watch TV
Customer Care
Portal
Operator
Portal
CORD Controller
Residential
Subscribers
Controller
Controller
Controller
vRouter
vOLT
vSG
Access the Internet
Stream (Cached) Video
Watch TV
Controller
OpenStack
Controller
Controller
Monitoring
Controller
vCDN
ONOS
Spine-2
Spine-1
Leaf-3
Leaf-1
Compute-1
Compute-3
OLT-1
Leaf-4
Leaf-2
Compute-2
OLT-2
Compute-4
IPTV
GPON ONT
Laptop
NetGear

25. Residential vOLT, vSG, vRouter, vCDN
Domains of Use
Residential vOLT, vSG, vRouter, vCDN
Mobile vBBU. vMME,
vSGW, vPGW, vCDN
Enterprise
vCarrierEthernet,
vOAM, vWanEx,
vIDS
CORD Controller
ROADM
(Core)
Metro Ethernet
BBUs
PON
OLTs

26. CORD – Extensible Platform
Residential
Subscribers
vOLT
Controller
Controller
vSG
Controller
vCDN
Controller
vRouter
CORD is a platform, not a point solution!

27. CORD – Extensible Platform
vG.Fast
Controller
Residential
Subscribers
Controller
vSG …
vOLT
Controller
Controller
vCDN
Controller
vRouter
Mobile
Subscribers
vBBU
Controller
Controller
vSGW
Enterprise
Customers
v10GPON
Controller
Controller
vCPE
Controller
vCE
CORD is a platform, not a point solution!

28. Summary CORD Provides Cloud Economies and Agility CORD Controller
Fully Exploits Micro-Services (Access-as-a-Service)
Fully Exploits Disaggregation (vOLT  vSG  vRouter)
Fully Exploits SDN (overlay, underlay, services)
CORD Controller
Assembles services from building block components
Exports a unified interface to a collection of services
Operators specify service graph (configuration-time interface)
Operators and customers control services (runtime interface)

29. More Information http://opencord.org https://wiki.opencord.org
Community Workspace for Domains-of-Use
CORD POD Assembly Instructions (build your own POD)
Links to Open Source Tools (help develop CORD)
Project Governance (participate in Linux Foundation project)