1. CHINA AFTER MAO

2. Essential Question:
How did China evolve in the years after Mao Zedong’s death?

3. Mao Zedong was the communist ruler of China from 1945 to 1976
The Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution were two of Mao’s programs that he imposed on China
The Great Leap Forward was a terrible failure, while the Revolution was a success; both meant tragedy for the Chinese people

4. The Great Leap had the goals of improving China’s industry and farming

5. Instead, it led to shoddy industry and mass starvation, killing tens of millions

6. The “Little Red Book” was required reading for all Chinese
The Cultural Revolution had the goal of strictly imposing Mao’s communist beliefs on the Chinese people
The “Little Red Book” was required reading for all Chinese
The only thoughts and opinions Chinese people were permitted to have were Mao’s thoughts and opinions

7. The Cultural Revolution was successful for Mao: traditional Chinese culture was mostly destroyed, and the Chinese people were under his control

8. Of course, those who disagreed with or openly criticized Mao were beaten, tortured, imprisoned, or killed by Mao’s thugs (the Red Guard)

9. During his rule, Mao was responsible for the murders or starvation of over 40 million of his own people
Mao was extremely brutal, ruthless, and absolutely uncaring of the fate of Chinese citizens

10. Mao was perhaps the deadliest ruler in all of human history
The full extent of his crimes against humanity would not be known until well after his death in 1976

11. Even though Mao had distanced himself from the USSR and began relations with the USA, China remained a nation strictly controlled by communism

12. In 1976, Mao died and was succeeded by far more moderate Communist leaders

13. In 1978, Deng Xiaoping took over as ruler of China; he kept communism in place, but began new economic reforms

14. Deng Xiaoping's economic reforms were called the Four Modernizations; they involved using capitalist ideas to help improve the Chinese economy

15. Price index for farm outputs
GOAL #1: AGRICULTURE Deng ended collective farms and allowed farmers to rent land and grow crops for a profit
Price index for farm outputs
As a result of farmers having an incentive to work hard, food production increased by over 50% 15

16. GOAL #2: INDUSTRY Allowed private businesses, relaxed controls over government-run factories, and let foreign companies open in China
As a result, incomes rose; Chinese bought consumer goods, like TVs and appliances 16

17. GOAL #3: DEFENSE China modernized their military and built more nuclear weapons17

18. GOAL #4: TECHNOLOGY China invested in education, built a space program, and welcomed foreign technological ideas

19. These economic reforms led to a boom in the overall Chinese economy; in 2010, China passed Japan and became the second-biggest economy in the world

20. Deng’s reforms had unintended consequences for Chinese society

21. China’s emphasis on education and the influx of Western companies led many Chinese to learn more about democracy; they began to question their own lack of personal freedoms in China

22. Thousands of Chinese students demanded democracy from their government and protested in Beijing’s Tiananmen Square in 1989

23. Thousands of Chinese students demanded democracy from their government and protested in Beijing’s Tiananmen Square in 1989

24. How do you think the Chinese government reacted to this demonstration?
Student leader Wang Dan in Tiananmen Square calling for a city wide march
How do you think the Chinese government reacted to this demonstration?

25. The Chinese government arrested and executed leaders of the protest
Chinese soldiers and tanks attacked the crowd, killing hundreds of protestors
The Chinese government arrested and executed leaders of the protest
Check out this fun link to see what web sites are censored in china

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29. An estimated 5000 were killed and 30,000 wounded
An estimated 5000 were killed and 30,000 wounded 29

30. Check out this fun link to see what web sites are censored in china
The Communist Party increased control over citizens by repressing pro-democracy demands, censoring the media and information, and restricting freedom of speech 30

32. In 1997, Great Britain returned Hong Kong to China after ruling the colony for 155 years

33. In 1997, Great Britain returned Hong Kong to China after ruling the colony for 155 years

34. Under British and Chinese control, Hong Kong served as one of the world’s major commercial and financial centers

35. Under British and Chinese control, Hong Kong served as one of the world’s major commercial and financial centers

36. China has one of the fastest growing economies in the world; others include Brazil, India, Russia (BRIC nations)
But, China has a low wage work force, large gap between rich and poor, few personal freedoms, and human rights violations

37. Video on “Manufacturing & China’s Economic Growth” (2.41)
China Today
Introduction to Diane Sawyer’s report on the “Stunning Economic Growth of China” (5:37)
Diane Sawyer’s full report on the “Stunning Economic Growth of China” (20:00)
Video on “Manufacturing & China’s Economic Growth” (2.41)

38.  Revamped and redone by Christopher Jaskowiak
Thanks to Brooks Baggett for the original version