1. The Circulatory System

2. An Overview of the Circulatory System

3. Where the Heart is located

4. Circulatory or Cardiovascular System
Circulatory System – Keeps the body working by delivering oxygen to body cells and removing waste (Co2) from the cells.
Delivering
Removing

5. Parts of the Circulatory System
The Heart - is divided into FOUR Chambers

6. Three Kinds of Blood Vessels
Arteries – Carries blood away from the heart
Veins – Carries blood back to the heart
Capillaries – Delivers low-oxygen blood to veins (Smallest)

7. Two types of Arteries Arteries start with A takes blood away !!
Aorta – Largest blood vessel in the heart
Pulmonary Artery – Carries blood containing carbon dioxide from your heart to your lungs

8. Three Types of Veins Veins start with V brings blood back to me
1. Inferior Vena Cava – Where the blood enters the heart from the body.
2. Superior Vena Cava – Where the blood enters the heart from the body.
3. Pulmonary Vein – Carries blood-containing oxygen from your lungs to your heart.

9. The Four Valves of the Heart
Blood passes through a valve before leaving each chamber of the heart
Valves prevent the backward flow of blood

10. The Four Valves of the Heart
Tricuspid Valve – Lets the blood fill in the right atrium before it enters the right ventricle.
Bicuspid Valve – Lets the blood fill in the left atrium before it enters the left ventricle

11. The Four Valves of the Heart
Right Semi lunar Valve- Lets the right ventricle fill before releasing the blood into the pulmonary artery.
Left Semi lunar Valve – Lets the blood fill in the left ventricle before sending it to the aorta
Septum – Divides the heart in half

12. Parts of the Blood
Red Blood Cells – Made in bone marrow; carries oxygen, food, and rids body of CO2 and Waste
White Blood Cells – Help fight disease and infection by destroying bacteria and germs that enter the body. Made in the lymph nodes

13. Parts of the Blood
Platelets – Help blood to clot, to prevent excess bleeding.
Plasma – Water portion of the blood; 55% of blood is plasma

14. Four Types of Blood Type A: 42% Accepts A and O
Type B: 10% Accepts B and O
Type AB: 3% Accepts AB and O
Type O: 45% Universal Donor
RH Factor = is the + and – of the blood

15. Four Filters of the Blood
Liver
Kidneys
Lymph Nodes – located in the neck
Spleen – Cemetery for the red blood cells
Liver-Detoxifies chemicals and drugs and makes proteins important for blood clottin
Kidneys- extract waste from blood (balance body fluids, form urine)
Lymph Nodes- the production of lymphocytes, which help defend the body against microorganisms and against harmful foreign particles and debris from lymph before it is returned to the blood stream.
Spleen- acts as a filter for blood as part of the immune system. Old red blood cells are recycled in the spleen, and platelets and white blood cells are stored there

16. How Blood Moves Through the Heart

17. Blood Pressure: (Hypertension)
Blood Disorders
Blood Pressure: (Hypertension)
The force or pressure developed by the heart, which acts to pump blood through the circulatory system.

18. Two Distinct pressures that are measured!!
Blood Pressure
Two Distinct pressures that are measured!!
Systolic: A measure of the maximum force or pressure developed in the arteries when the heart contracts
Diastolic: A measure of the lowest pressure, which occur in the arteries during cardiac relaxation.

19. Blood Pressure
High Blood Pressure: Continuous elevation of blood pressure above the normal range.
Ex. 140/90

20. Blood Pressure
Sphygmomanometer: An instrument used to measure blood pressure.
Stethoscope: An instrument used to listen to the sounds of the heart, or listen to the flow of blood through the vessels when measuring the blood pressure.

21. High Blood Pressure Video

22. Arteriosclerosis
Arteriosclerosis: Artery walls harden; caused by a diet high in fat and cholesterol.
Causes:
Smoking
Diabetes
High Blood Pressure
High Cholesterol
Overweight

23. Arteriosclerosis Arteriosclerosis
- We will watch how arteriosclerosis builds up on the walls of an artery.
- Overview of the Circulatory system.
Overview of the Circulatory System

24. Arteriosclerosis Prevention: Treatment:
Reduce the amount of stress in your everyday life
Change diet to reduce the amount of sodium, fats and cholesterol.
Regular Medical checkups
Treatment:
Medication
Exercise

25. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System
Heart Attack: Stoppage in the flow of blood to the heart.
Prevention:
Reduce Stress
Change Diet to less intake of Sodium (Salt)
Eat less foods high in fat and cholesterol

26. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System
Anemia: Lack of red blood cells or cells that do not carry enough oxygen; may cause weakness and low energy levels.
Prevention:
Eat foods that are rich
in Iron
Treatment: Rest

27. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System
Sickle Cell Anemia: Your blood is unable to circulate properly.
There is no prevention for sickle-cell anemia since you are born with it.
Treatments:
Blood Transfusions
Medication
Normal Blood Cell
Sickle Cell

28. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System
Mononucleosis: A viral infection; with symptoms of sore throat, swollen glands and fatigue.
Prevention:
Avoid human saliva
Treatment:
Bed Rest

29. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System
Leukemia: Abnormal white blood cells
In time they may crowd out normal white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets.

30. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System
Stroke: Happens when a cluster of blood cells blocks blood vessels in the brain.
Stroke Stroke is a “Brain Attack”

31. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System
Prevention:
Don’t Smoke
Drink in moderation (21)
Get cholesterol checked
Exercise 30 minutes daily
Consume a low fat diet
Treatment:
Medication
Rehabilitation

32. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System
Hemophilia: Blood does not clot properly
Prevention:
No prevention, you are born a hemophiliac
Treatment:
Transfusions of blood clotting factors.

33. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System
Kidney Failure: The inability of kidneys to function, resulting in accumulation of fluid and waste products in the body.
Picture is graphic!!