1. Circulatory System
Function and Parts

2. Definition
It is a fluid-filled network of tubes (or vessels) through which materials move between the environment and the cells of a multicellular animal.

3. Characteristics
It connects all parts of an organism in a way that allows individual cells to thrive as well as for organisms to function as a unit
It is an entirely closed system

4. Function Transport materials needed by cells
Oxygen
Glucose
Remove waste materials from cells
Carbon dioxide
urea

5. Major Components Pump (heart) Network of tubes Blood
Continuously circulates blood
Network of tubes
Arteries- blood away from heart
Veins- blood back to the heart
Capillaries – connects arteries to veins
Blood
Fluid that fills the circulatory system

6. Accessory Organs
Lungs- organ where oxygen is taken up and CO2 is released
Kidneys- organ where wastes are removed from blood; critical in regulating fluids in the body
Small intestine- digestion
Large intestine- water absorption

8. The Heart The human heart has four chambers
Left and right ventricle
Left and right atrium
The left side of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body while the right side of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs where oxygen can be absorbed by the hemoglobin carrying red blood cells

10. After passing through the capillaries of the lungs, the blood which is now oxygenated returns to the heart in the pulmonary veins.
From lungs

11. The left atrium receives blood from the pulmonary vein.

12. Blood passes through the mitral valve into the left ventricle.

13. Contraction of the left ventricle pushes blood through the aortic semilunar valve into the aorta. Blood travels to all regions of the body where it feeds cells with oxygen picked up from the lungs and nutrients from the digestive tract.
To rest of body

14. Deoxygenated blood returns from the rest of the body through the superior and inferior vena cava.

15. The right atrium receives the deoxygenated blood.

16. Blood then enters the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve.

17. Contraction of the right ventricle pushes blood through the pulmonary semilunar valve into the pulmonary arteries in which it travels to the lungs.
To lungs

18. Blood Pressure
Blood pressure is a measure of the force exerted by the blood on the wall of the arteries.
An example is 120/80 (systolic pressure/diastolic pressure.
Systolic pressure is the result of the contraction of the ventricles (normal )
Diastolic pressure is during the ventricle relaxation (normal 70-90)

19. The Cardiovascular System
3. The Blood
Plasma
Liquid portion of the blood. Contains clotting factors, hormones, antibodies, dissolved gases, nutrients and waste

20. The Cardiovascular System
The Blood
B. Erythrocytes - Red Blood Cells
Carry hemoglobin and oxygen. Do not have a nucleus and live only about 120 days.
Can not repair themselves.

21. The Cardiovascular System
The Blood
C. Leukocytes – White Blood cells
Fight infection and are formed in the bone marrow
Five types – neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and monocytes.

22. The Cardiovascular System
The Blood
D. Thrombocytes – Platelets.
These are cell fragment that are formed in the bone marrow from magakaryocytes.
Clot Blood by sticking together – via protein fibers called fibrin.

23. The Cardiovascular System
The Blood
D. Thrombocytes – Platelets.
These are cell fragment that are formed in the bone marrow from magakaryocytes.
Clot Blood by sticking together – via protein fibers called fibrin.