1. Civil War Battles Civil War Battles often have two names…WHY?
Northern Soldiers names the battles after natural locations (rivers, lakes, etc)
Southern Soldiers named battles after man-made objects like towns, railroad stations, churches, etc.

2. First Battle of Bull Run Confederate name: Manassas
July 1861
First major battle of Civil War
Rebels rallied & inspired by General “Stonewall” Jackson’s refusal to retreat
Ended Union hopes for a quick war
Union-30,000 troops
Confederacy- 20,000 troops

3. First Battle of Bull Run
General Stonewall Jackson

4. War at Sea The Monitor vs the Merrimack
Southerners used Merrimack, a former Union warship, by covering it with thick iron plates
This ironclad went to battle against the Monitor (Union ironclad), but neither ship would sink
Marked a new age in naval warfare

5. War in the West
North’s primary goal in the West was to gain control the Mississippi & Tennessee Rivers
Grant was able to capture Fort Henry on Tennessee River and Fort Donelson on the Cumberland
Grant demands an “unconditional surrender”
Grant becomes the North’s new hero
These victories opened a path for Union troops to march into Tennessee, Mississippi, & Alabama

6. Battle of Shiloh Pittsburg Landing
April, 1862
Southwest Tennessee– important railroad junction
Confederate forces launch surprise attack on morning of April 6, 1862
Bloodiest battle in the war so far
More than 20,000 casualties (both sides)
Union victory
In the immediate aftermath of the battle, Northern newspapers vilified Grant for his performance during the battle on April 6, especially for being surprised and unprepared. Reporters, many far from the battle, spread the story that Grant had been drunk, falsely alleging that this had resulted in many of his men being bayoneted in their tents because of a lack of defensive preparedness

7. New Orleans Falls April 25, 1862
Union naval forces captured New Orleans
Confederacy could no longer use the river to carry its goods to sea
Union controlled almost the entire Mississippi River

8. War in the East General McClellan led Union
Peninsular Campaign – McClellan readied his troops over several weeks to make an attack on Richmond
General Robert E. Lee commanded the Rebels, successful defended Richmond

9. Lee Enters Maryland
Following Southern victories, Lee launched an attack into Maryland
Two Union soldiers found a copy of Lee’s orders for his army
McClellan knew exactly what Lee planned to do
Union soldiers find a copy of Confederate General Robert E. Lee’s orders detailing the Confederates’ plan for the Antietam campaign near Frederick, Maryland. But Union General George B. McClellan was slow to act, and the advantage the intelligence provided was lost.He learned that Lee’s army was divided into 4 parts

10. Battle of Antietam Battle of Sharpsburg
Sept. 17, 1862
Single bloodiest day of the war
23,000+ soldiers dead or wounded in 12 hours
The next day, Lee withdrew his troops
Lincoln is disappointed with McClellan – He replaces him in November 1862

13. Effects of the Battle of Antietam
Union “victory”?
British had considered recognizing the Confederacy, but the Union victory at Antietam changed their minds
McClellan failed to destroy Lee's army
South lost its best chance at gaining international recognition & support