1. Nens220, Lecture IX Oscillations, resonance, synchrony, biophysically-based neuronal networks
John Huguenard

2. Neuronal oscillations: functions
Sleep
Generate activity that is independent of sensory input
May play roles in memory consolidation or reprioritization.
Spindles, delta, sharp-wave ripple complexes
Awake behavior
Exploration – theta
Sensory binding & attention – gamma
Sensory discrimination – olfaction in insects
Pathology
Epilepsy
Parkinson’s disease

3. Neuronal oscillations: mechanisms
Intrinsic neuronal properties
Resonance
Network feedback
Can interact with neuronal properties to reinforce or cancel network responses
Dynamics
Initiation
Propagation
Termination

4. Determining neuronal resonance
Gutfreund et al, J Physiol. 483:621, 1995

5. Resonance and coding space
“Grid” cells in in entorhinal cortex part of space encoding network.
Hafting .. Moser Nature 436:801, 2005

6. Resonance and coding space
“Grid” cells in in entorhinal cortex part of space encoding network.
Alonso & Llinas Nature 342:172, 1989
Giocomo et al Science, 315:1719, 2007

7. Resonance and coding space
“Grid” cells in in entorhinal cortex part of space encoding network.
Giocomo et al Science, 315:1719, 2007

8. Resonance in thalamic relay neurons

9. Thalamic reticular cells: Intrinsic oscillators
Avanzini et al J Physiol. 416:111, 1989

10. Thalamic reticular cells Mechanisms of intrinsic oscillations
Wallenstein, Biophys J 66:978, 1994

11. K complex and spindles in early sleep
Incomplete syncrony. Note time of spindle occurrence at different leads compare this to swd
Courtesy of K. Graber

12. The thalamocortical system
Corpus striatum
Sensory relay
Sleep oscillations A RE VA VL M
VP LP Pu
LGN
MGN
Drawing from Dr. Wolfgang Klimesch

13. Intracellular studies of spindles in vivo
Incomplete synchrony, sparseness, also seen in vitro, higher synchrony seen during seizures
Roaming cortical activation, perhaps semi-random to reactivate cortical circuits during slow wave sleep
Modified from Steriade and Llinás. Physiol.Rev. 68: , 1988.

14. Thalamus: Inhibitory network oscillations+ Cx

15. Modeling a large scale thalamocortical network
Destexhe (1998) J. Neurosci. 18,

16. Modeling a large scale thalamocortical network
Destexhe (1998) J. Neurosci. 18,

17. Modeling a large scale thalamocortical network
Destexhe (1998) J. Neurosci. 18,

18. 250 pA
2.5 ms
250 pA
Fran Shen

20. Dynamic-Clamp: Artificial Autaptic IPSCs
Based on Fuhrmann, et al. J Neurophysiol
87: 140–148, 2002