1. The Weimar Republic and the Rise of Hitler
THE GREATEST DANGER TO PEACE WAS THE MENACE OF A REARMED GERMANY BENT ON CONQUEST.

2. TREATY OF VERSAILLES, GERMANY
GERMANY WOULD BE BITTER OVER THE LANDS SHE LOST AND THE NEW NATIONS FORMED AFTER WWI WOULD CAUSE ADDITIONAL PROBLEMS.

3. GERMANY, 1933
GERMANY LOST TERRITORY AS A RESULT OF WORLD WAR ONE.

4. TREATY OF VERSAILLES, REPARATIONS
GERMAN WARSHIP GIVEN TO FRANCE AS PART OF REPARATION PAYMENT. GERMANY WAS ORDERED TO PAY APPROXIAMATELY $17 BILLION U.S. DOLLARS.

5. GERMAN ARMAMENT LIMITATIONS
TREATY OF VERSAILLES,
GERMAN ARMAMENT LIMITATIONS
TYPE
AMOUNT ALLOWED
PLANES
WARSHIPS 6
SOLDIERS
100,000
CONSCRIPTION
BANNED
PRIOR TO WWI GERMANY HAD THE LARGEST LAND ARMY IN WESTERN EUROPE WITH OVER A MILLION SOLDIERS.

6. WORLDWIDE DEPRESSION OF THE 1930'S: MILLIONS OF GERMANS LOST THEIR JOBS AND BECAME HOMELESS. MANY VOTED FOR THE NAZI PARTY. ALONG WITH THE VICTIMS OF THE DEPRESSION BANKERS, OWNERS OF LARGE CORPORATIONS AND THE MILITARY SUPPORTED HITLER. HE WAS ELECTED LEADER OF GERMANY IN JANUARY OF 1933.

7. NOTICE HOW THE DICTATORSHIPS (GERMANY, JAPAN, ITALY) REAL NATIONAL PRODUCT IMPROVED SO MUCH MORE THEN THE DEMOCRACIES (U.S., BRITAIN, FRANCE, CANADA). MUCH OF THIS WAS DUE TO SPENDING ON WEAPONS.

8. DEPRESSION, UNEMPLOYMENT AND HARD TIMES LED TO A DRAMATIC INCREASE IN VOTING FOR HITLER AND THE NAZI PARTY
EFFECTS OF THE DEPRESSION WERE SEVERE ON THE GERMAN PEOPLE AND ENCOURAGED MANY GERMANS TO VOTE FOR HITLER.

9. TREATY OF VERSAILLES, GERMAN WAR GUILT
GERMANY WAS FORCED TO ACCEPT ALL OF THE BLAME FOR WWI, WHICH LED TO GERMAN BITTERNESS.

10. GERMAN ECONOMIC PROBLEMS AFTER WORLD WAR I
In January, 1921, there were 64 marks to the dollar.
By November, 1923 this had changed to 4,200,000,000,000 marks to the dollar….
PRICE OF A LOAF OF BREAD
In 1918 a loaf of bread cost just over half a mark.
By 1922 the cost had risen to 163 marks for a loaf of bread.
By November of 1923 a loaf of bread cost 201,000 million marks
WEIMAR REPUBLIC: DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT OF GERMANY FROM THE END OF WW I TO HITLER'S TAKE OVER OF GERMANY IN LACK OF A DEMOCRATIC TRADITION IN GERMANY ALONG WITH THE SEVERE DEPRESSION AROUND 1930 CAUSES MANY GERMANS TO LOSE FAITH IN DEMOCRACY, WHICH THEY SAW AS A WEAK AND INEFFECTUAL GOVERNMENT. MANY EMBRACED THE DICTATORSHIP OF HITLER.

12. FRENCH TROOPS ENTERING GERMAN RUHR, 1923
Discussion question: Why would France send its troops into Germany in 1923, five years after World War One was over?
Answer: French troops occupy the Ruhr to punish the German government for defaulting on war reparations. France needed money to pay back the US.

13. A Short Video about the Weimar Republic in 1923

14. WHY WAS HITLER SUCCESSFUL IN TAKING OVER GERMANY?
REASONS MOST GERMANS SUPPORTED HITLER: A. GAVE GERMANS A SENSE OF NATIONAL UNITY B. BEGAN A MASSIVE REARMAMENT (BUILDING WEAPONS) PROGRAM GIVING JOBS TO THE UNEMPLOYED C. NAZI PARTY OFFERED OPPORTUNITIES FOR AVERAGE GERMANS TO RISE UP IN SOCIETY

15. The Rise of Hitler and the Nazi Party

16. Adolf Hitler’s Early Life
Hitler was born on April 20th, 1889 in AUSTRIA
He had a poor relationship with his father and was very close to his mother
He was an aspiring painter, and was twice rejected by the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna
It was at this time, in 1908, that Hitler
began a
movement
based on the
beliefs that
Germans were
the master
race

17. Hitler in WWI
Hitler pleaded to be in the Bavarian (a state in Germany) Army and was granted his request
He served as a messenger in a regiment that exposed him to enemy fire (story)
He was shot in the leg and suffered from a poison gas attack
He was awarded the Iron Cross – the highest military honour in Germany

18. HITLER AS A SOLDIER IN WW1
HITLER AS A SOLDIER IN WWI. HE DID NOT SUPPORT THE SURRENDER OF THE GERMAN GOVERNMENT AT THE END OF THE WAR, IT LEFT HIM VERY DISILLUSIONED.

19. Hitler and Early Politics
Hitler helped form the National Socialist German Workers’ Party (Nazi) in 1919 and assumed leadership in 1921
Beer Hall Putsch (‘pooch’) November 8th, 1923
Attempt by Hitler to seize power and overthrow the Bavarian government for signing the Treaty of Versailles
The attempt failed and Hitler was imprisoned for five years for high treason (but he was released after only serving one year – he was not considered a threat to the public)

20. HITLER ADDRESSING AN EARLY NAZI PARTY GATHERING
NAZI PARTY: FOUNDED IN 1919 AND TAKEN OVER BY HITLER SOON AFTER. THEY BELIEVED THAT JEWS, COMMUNISTS AND TRAITORS BETRAYED GERMANY AND LOST WW I. THEY ALSO BELIEVED THAT GERMANS WERE A SPECIAL RACE DESTINED TO RULE THE WORLD. THEY WERE ANTI-DEMOCRATIC AND BELIEVED IN ONE PARTY AND ONE LEADER. ANYONE WHO DISAGREED WITH THEM WOULD BE IMPRISONED OR MURDERED.

21. Mein Kampf
Hitler wrote Mein Kampf (“My Struggle) in 1925 while he was in prison
This became the Nazi ideology – and it attacked Jews, Communists, democracy, and the Treaty of Versailles
Hitler also wrote that Germany needed to destroy the French Nation and conquer Russia, among other things
The book sold/distributed 10 million copies between

22. MEIN KAMPF: BOOK BY HITLER ON HIS POLITICAL VIEWS
MEIN KAMPF: BOOK BY HITLER ON HIS POLITICAL VIEWS. IN THE BOOK HE BLAMED JEWS AND COMMUNISTS FOR ALL OF GERMANY'S PROBLEMS. THE BOOK LAID OUT HIS PLANS FOR WORLD CONQUEST.
COVER PAGE OF GERMAN EDITIONS OF MEIN KAMPF WRITTEN IN WHILE HITLER WAS IMPRISONED FOR STAGING A REVOLT

23. PAGES FROM MEIN KAMPF
NAZI PROGRAM IMPLEMENTED: HITLER BEGAN RESTRUCTURING GERMAN SOCIETY. JEWS WERE STRIPPED OF CITIZENSHIP AND DENIED BASIC HUMAN RIGHTS. SCHOOLS WERE PUT UNDER NAZI CONTROL AND STUDENTS WERE TURNED INTO GOOD NAZIS. THE NEWSPAPERS, RADIO, FILMS AND EVERYTHING ELSE WAS TAKEN OVER BY THE NAZI PARTY AND USED TO ADVANCE HITLER'S GOALS.

24. Hitler’s Rise to Power
By 1932, the Nazi Party was the biggest political party and held 230 seats
Hitler demanded to be appointed the position of chancellor – he was initially refused, but then given the position
Just before the 1933 election, the Reichstag (parliament) was burned to the ground. The president of Germany granted the Nazi Party the power to quash any political opposition, and they intimidated and arrested socialist and communist party members

25. The Reichstag Fire Clip

26. HITLER ELECTED CHANCELLOR OF GERMANY 1933
DER FUHRER: HITLER WAS ELECTED CHANCELLOR OF GERMANY IN HITLER, AFTER BECOMING CHANCELLOR (PRIME MINISTER) OF GERMANY TURNED HIMSELF INTO A DICTATOR. ELIMINATING OTHER POLITICAL PARTIES AND MURDERING OR IMPRISONING ANYONE WHOM OPPOSED HIM. HE DESTROYED DEMOCRACY IN GERMANY AND BECAME THE SOLE RULER/DICTATOR.
HITLER ELECTED CHANCELLOR OF GERMANY 1933

27. NAZI PROPAGANDA DEPICTING THE IDEAL ARYAN MEMBER OF THE MASTER RACE
NAZI PROPAGANDA DEPICTING THE IDEAL GERMAN ARYAN
ARYANS: NAZI RACIST CONCEPT THAT GERMANIC (ARYAN) PEOPLE ARE A MASTER RACE SUPERIOR TO OTHER RACES. THEY HAVE THE RIGHT AND DUTY TO CONQUER AND ENSLAVE THE INFERIOR RACES. ARYANS ARE WHITE PEOPLE WITH BLUE OR GREEN EYES AND BLONDE HAIR. HITLER DID NOT HAVE BLONDE HAIR OR BLUE EYES.

28. EXAMPLES OF NAZI ANTISEMITISM
ANTI-SEMITISM: HATRED AND PREJUDICE AGAINST JEWS. HITLER AND THE NAZI'S WERE VICIOUSLY ANTI-SEMITIC BLAMING JEWS FOR ALL THE PROBLEMS IN THE WORLD. WHEN THEY GAINED POWER THEY MURDERED 6 MILLION JEWS. FIRST PICTURE SHOWS JEWS AND AFRICANS TOGETHER.
FINAL SOLUTION TO THE JEWISH PROBLEM

29. Hitler’s Rise to Power The Enabling Act
After the 1933 election, Hitler proposed the Enabling Act, which would essentially give him a dictatorship – and it passed!
The Enabling Act…
Banned all political parties
Germany was declared a one
party state
Jews were not allowed to be
in civil service professions
Local and state governments
were staffed by Nazi members

30. Hitler Secures Absolute Power
When the president of Germany died in 1934, Hitler’s cabinet passed a law proclaiming the presidency to him (rather than holding elections)
The military swore an oath to Hitler, not the state
Hitler had obtained absolute power, and Germany became known as the Third Reich

31. VOLKSWAGEN: A CAR FOR ALMOST EVERY GERMAN FAMILY
HITLER VOWED TO PRODUCE AUTOMOBILES THAT ALMOST EVERY GERMAN COULD AFFORD.

32. Securing Power Clip

33. Why Vote for Hitler? True believers Ignorance
These people shared the same ideology as Hitler and believed he was their saviour – from the depression, the Jews, the Communists, and the Treaty of Versailles
Ignorance
People did not consider Hitler to be a real threat
Did not take him seriously
People just thought Hitler was ‘odd’
New party needed
The depression and hyperinflation highlighted the need for new political leadership

34. The Nazi Party History of the Swastika
The Swastika is a religious symbol used by the Egyptians, Chinese, Roman armies, and many others
The Swastika means good luck!
The Nazi Party used the Swastika because they felt it had connections to original caste systems that avoided racial mixing
The Swastika is banned in most countries, except for religious or scholarly reasons
Jainism
Hinduism
Nazism

35. The Nazi Party The SA (“Brown Shirts”) Hitler’s private army
They bullied opponents into obeying
the Nazi Party
However, once Hitler rose to power, he had the SA replaced by a new organization – the SS
Night of the Long Knives
Leaders in the SA (Rohm) were killed
The SA was destroyed
Ernst Rohm

36. The Nazi Party The SS (“Black Shirts”)
The SS were Hitler’s private bodyguards
and were led by Heinrich Himmler
They arrested and killed anyone who challenged Hitler
The SS took over law enforcement in Germany and implemented the ‘Final Solution’
Himmler

37. The Nazi Party The Gestapo
The Gestapo were the secret police of Nazi Germany
They investigated treason, espionage, and sabotage cases against the Nazi Party (i.e. Valkyrie)
The Gestapo also set up and administered the concentration camps

38. Gestapo Video

39. The Nazi Party Hitler Youth
The Hitler Youth was an organization under the Nazi Party
By 1936, they had over five million
members in the organization
They were indoctrinated in anti-Semitism, and even drafted into the military ranks during WWII

40. KRISTALLNACHT: HITLER BEGINS HIS EXTERMINATION CAMPAIGN AGAINST THE JEWS
KRISTALLNACHT: "NIGHT OF THE BROKEN GLASS", ANTI-SEMITISM BECAME THE OFFICIAL POLICY OF GERMANY. ON NOV. 10, 1938 NAZI THUGS ATTACKED EVERYTHING JEWISH IN GERMANY KILLING JEWS , DESTROYING SYNAGOGUES, AND LOOTING JEWISH OWNED BUSINESSES

41. This video shows how Nazis persecuted the Jews and the Nuremberg Laws.
This video preludes Kristallnacht. You can skip ahead to around 8 minutes or watch the beginning.
This video shows how Nazis persecuted the Jews and the Nuremberg Laws.

42. NETWORK OF COURTS AND CONCENTRATION CAMPS SET UP TO ENFORCE THE NAZI TERROR OVER ALL GERMANY.

43. The Hitler State
FEAR
“Otto Bauer, a 56 year old business man, said on a train in June 1942 that Germans had two alternatives: to kill Hitler or be killed by him. He was overhead by a married couple who reported him [to the Gestapo]. He was beheaded on September 16, 1943 for causing discontent and unrest.”
It was by using fear that Hitler had stopped freedom of speech and expression – everyone had to obey Nazi policy, or face the consequences!