1. 2A. Distinguish between DNA and RNA.
DNA Structure (12.1)
State Standards
2A. Distinguish between DNA and RNA.
2B. Explain the role of DNA in storing and transmitting cellular information.

2. Chapter 12
Molecular Genetics
12.1 DNA: The Genetic Material
Genetics
Genetics is the branch of biology that studies ____________, the passing of __________ (characteristics) from parents to offspring.
This passing of
traits involves the 2
nucleic acids,
_____ & _____.

3. Nucleic Acid Structure
Chapter 12
Molecular Genetics
12.1 DNA: The Genetic Material
Nucleic Acid Structure
____________ are the building blocks of DNA & RNA
Nucleotides consist of a five-carbon ________, a __________ group, and a nitrogen-containing __________

4. The sugar found in DNA is called _______________.
Chapter 12
Molecular Genetics
12.1 DNA: The Genetic Material
DNA Structure
The sugar found in DNA is called _______________.

5. The ladder is made of 2 very long chains of ____________.
Chapter 12
Molecular Genetics
12.1 DNA: The Genetic Material
DNA Structure
Cont’d
The ______ ______ shape of DNA is often compared to a twisted ________.
The ladder is made of 2 very long chains of ____________.

6. Chapter 12
Molecular Genetics
12.1 DNA: The Genetic Material
DNA Structure Cont’d
The ______ of the ladder are represented by the alternating ____________ and ____________.
The pairs of ________ (cytosine–guanine or thymine–adenine) form the ________ or rungs.

7. The ________ in a nucleic acid always pair up in the ________ way.
Chapter 12
Molecular Genetics
12.1 DNA: The Genetic Material
Base Pairing
The ________ in a nucleic acid always pair up in the ________ way.
This is called Chargaff’s rule.

8. __________ always pairs with __________.
Chapter 12
Molecular Genetics
12.1 DNA: The Genetic Material
Base Pairing Cont’d
__________ always pairs with __________.
The 2 sides of the ladder are held together by __________ __________.

9. DNA carries information in a ________ code.
Chapter 12
Molecular Genetics
12.1 DNA: The Genetic Material
The DNA Language
DNA carries information in a ________ code.
Each sequence of 3 nucleotides codes for a certain ______ ______ or for the beginning or end of a sequence.
The genetic code is ________ for each organism.

10. Chapter 12
Molecular Genetics
12.1 DNA: The Genetic Material
Chromosome Structure
DNA coils around histones to form nucleosomes, which coil to form __________ ________.
The chromatin fibers supercoil to form __________ that are visible during cell division.