1. The Endocrine system
Glands and hormones

2. Hormones- chemical messengers carried by blood-
May stimulate other glands
Regulate growth, development, metabolism, sex processes

3. Hormones need a specific receptor on a specific cell to do their job

4. Major Glands of the Endocrine system
Pituitary
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Adrenal.
Pancreas
Ovaries
Testes

5. Pituitary gland Master gland of body
Located in the depression of sphenoid bone
Produces many hormones that affect other glands
thyroid stimulating hormone
Somatotropin- growth hormone
Lutenizing (LH)- causes ovulation
ICSH- causes testes to secrete testosterone
Melanocyte stimulating- distribution of melanin in skin
ADH- antidiuretic hormone

6. Giantism- oversecretion of somatotropin before puberty
Dwarfism- undersecretion of somatotropin. Cause: tumor, injury, infection, genetics
Diabetes insipidus- decreased ADH

7. Thyroid gland must have any source of iodine
Thyroid- produces hormones that control metabolism and calcium in blood.
Thyroid gland must have any source of iodine
goiter- not enough iodine
hyperthyroidism
hypothyroidism

8. Located just above the kidney Secretes many hormones Epinephrine
Adrenal glands
Located just above the kidney
Secretes many hormones
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Many steroid hormones, inc estrogen and androgens.
Steroids have a three ring chemical structure

9. Pancreas-
pancreatic juices into the intestine
secretes insulin, a hormone that transports glucose into cells.
Also secretes glucagon- increases glucose in bloodstream

10. Cause- decreased secretion of insulin Symptoms
Diabetes Mellitus-
Cause- decreased secretion of insulin
Symptoms
Excessive thirst, excessive urination, hyperglycemia, slow healing of skin infections
Affects 21 million in US: 7% of population
Estimated 1/3 of people who have diabetes don’t know it
225,000 die each year
132 billion/year- 10% of our health care spending

11. Insulin was the first hormone identified (late 1920's) which won the doctor and medical student who discovered it the Nobel Prize (Banting and Best)
Human Insulin - First ever approved genetically engineered human therapeutic by Genentech

12. In May 1960, the FDA approved the sale of a pill that arguably would have a greater impact on Americans than any other drug in the nation's history.
For women across the country, the contraceptive pill was liberating: it allowed them to pursue careers, fueled the feminist and pro-choice movements and encouraged more open attitudes towards sex.
Estrogen in pill suppresses FSH in pituitary- ovulation does not occur