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Mycobacterium. Mycobacterium Important Human Pathogens Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycobacterium leprae (uncommon) Mycobacterium avium-intracellulaire.

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Presentation on theme: "Mycobacterium. Mycobacterium Important Human Pathogens Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycobacterium leprae (uncommon) Mycobacterium avium-intracellulaire."— Presentation transcript:

1

2 Mycobacterium

3 Important Human Pathogens
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycobacterium leprae (uncommon) Mycobacterium avium-intracellulaire Complex (MAC) or (M. avium)

4 Lipid-Rich Cell Wall of Mycobacterium
Mycolic acids CMN Group: Unusual cell wall lipids (mycolic acids,etc.) (Purified Protein Derivative)

5 Acid-Fast (Kinyoun) Stain of Mycobacterium
NOTE: cord growth (serpentine arrangement) of virulent strains

6 Photochromogenic Mycobacterium kansasii on Middlebrook Agar
NOTE: Mycobacteria pathogenic for humans can be differentiated (Runyon Groups) by: speed of growth (all are slower than most other pathogens) and by production of chromogenic pigments (in light, in dark, or none)

7 Improved Mycobacterial Isolation Medium

8 Eight Week Growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on Lowenstein-Jensen Agar

9 Pathogenic Mycobacterium spp.
BCG AIDS patients

10 Mycobacterial Clinical Syndromes

11 Diagram of a Granuloma NOTE: ultimately a fibrin layer develops around granuloma (fibrosis), further “walling off” the lesion. Typical progression in pulmonary TB involves caseation, calcification and cavity formation.

12 Laboratory Diagnosis of Mycobacterial Disease
Nucleic acid probes Nucleic acid sequencing

13 Differential Characteristics of Commonly Isolated Mycobacterium spp.

14

15 Mycobacterium tuberculosis

16 Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infections

17 Incidence of Tuberculosis in USA

18 Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infections (cont.)
Positive PPD + Chest X-Ray + MDR-TB a serious global health threat BCG (bacille Calmette-Guerin) = attenuated M. bovis

19 Typical Progression of Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Pneumonia Granuloma formation with fibrosis Caseous necrosis Tissue becomes dry & amorphous (resembling cheese) Mixture of protein & fat (assimilated very slowly) Calcification Ca++ salts deposited Cavity formation Center liquefies & empties into bronchi

20 PPD Tuberculosis Skin Test Criteria
PPD = Purified Protein Derivative from M. tuberculosis

21 Chest X-Ray of Patient with Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis

22 Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Stained with Fluorescent Dye

23

24 Mycobacterium leprae

25 Mycobacterium leprae Infections

26 Mycobacterium leprae Infections (cont.)

27 Tuberculoid vs. Lepromatous Leprosy
Clinical Manifestations and Immunogenicity

28 Lepromatous vs. Tuberculoid Leprosy

29 Lepromatous Leprosy (Early/Late Stages)

30 Lepromatous Leprosy Pre- and Post-Treatment

31 Clinical Progression of Leprosy

32 Effect of Cell-Mediated Immunity on Leprosy Clinical Outcome

33

34 Mycobacterium avium-intracellulaire Complex (MAC)

35 Mycobacterium avium-intracellulaire Infections

36 Mycobacterium avium-intracellulaire Infections

37 M. avium-intracellulaire Complex (MAC) Progression vs
M. avium-intracellulaire Complex (MAC) Progression vs. CD4 Count in AIDS Patients

38 Mycobacterium avium-intracellulaire in Tissue Specimens
Low Magnification High Magnification

39

40 REVIEW of Mycobacterium

41 Important Human Pathogens
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycobacterium leprae (uncommon) Mycobacterium avium-intracellulaire Complex (MAC) or (M. avium) REVIEW

42 Lipid-Rich Cell Wall of Mycobacterium
Mycolic acids CMN Group: Unusual cell wall lipids (mycolic acids,etc.) (Purified Protein Derivative) REVIEW

43 Pathogenic Mycobacterium spp.
BCG AIDS patients REVIEW

44 Mycobacterial Clinical Syndromes
REVIEW

45 Diagram of a Granuloma NOTE: ultimately a fibrin layer develops around granuloma (fibrosis), further “walling off” the lesion. Typical progression in pulmonary TB involves caseation, calcification and cavity formation. REVIEW

46 Review of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

47 Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infections
REVIEW

48 Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infections (cont.)
Positive PPD + Chest X-Ray + MDR-TB a serious global health threat BCG (bacille Calmette-Guerin) = attenuated M. bovis REVIEW

49 Typical Progression of Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Pneumonia Granuloma formation with fibrosis Caseous necrosis Tissue becomes dry & amorphous (resembling cheese) Mixture of protein & fat (assimilated very slowly) Calcification Ca++ salts deposited Cavity formation Center liquefies & empties into bronchi REVIEW

50 Review of Mycobacterium leprae

51 Mycobacterium leprae Infections
REVIEW

52 Mycobacterium leprae Infections (cont.)
REVIEW

53 Lepromatous vs. Tuberculoid Leprosy
REVIEW

54 Lepromatous Leprosy (Early/Late Stages)
REVIEW

55 Clinical Progression of Leprosy
REVIEW

56 Effect of Cell-Mediated Immunity on Leprosy Clinical Outcome
REVIEW

57 Review of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulaire Complex (M. avium)

58 Mycobacterium avium-intracellulaire Infections
REVIEW

59 Mycobacterium avium-intracellulaire Infections
REVIEW

60 M. avium-intracellulaire Complex (MAC) Progression vs
M. avium-intracellulaire Complex (MAC) Progression vs. CD4 Count in AIDS Patients REVIEW

61

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