1. Cellular Respiration
Agriculture Biology

2. Why are photosynthesis and respiration important in agriculture?
Biomass is all plant and animal matter on the Earth's surface. Harvesting biomass such as crops, trees or dung and using it to generate energy such as heat, electricity or motion, is bioenergy.
Farmers try to maintain a 40:1 ratio of photosynthesis to respiration, thus increasing the amount of biomass stored by the plants.
More Biomass= More Energy

3. Why is Respiration Important?
Plants use oxygen in the air (or water) to turn their food (glucose) into energy. This process of using oxygen to release energy from food is called
cellular respiration
Process by which living cells take in oxygen and give off carbon Dioxide.

4. Interest Grabber What kind of organisms undergo cellular respiration?
All organisms including photosynthetic organisms, undergo cellular respiration as long as oxygen is present

5. Interest Grabber
How are the products of photosynthesis and respiration related?
The products of photosynthesis are the starting materials for respiration

6. Cellular Respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy (ATP)

7. The Respiration Process
Respiration is the "opposite" of photosynthesis.
2. It is a breaking down process rather than a building process like photosynthesis
3. Respiration is necessary in all living cells. Plants MUST respire to survive.
9/18/2018

8. 4. A plant photosynthesizes only during daylight hours, and only in the tissues containing chlorophyll; HOWEVER IT RESPIRES 24 HOURS A DAY, AND IN ALL OF ITS LIVING CELLS.
9/18/2018

9. The Big Picture 9

10. How does air enter and leave the plant?
On the underside of leaves are small openings called Stomata.
These stomata open and close to allow movement of gasses like Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide.

11. The lower surface of the leaf is dotted with special pore-like structures called "stomatas".
9/18/2018

12. Stomata on Bananna
9/18/2018

13. “Guard cells" around the stomata open during the daylight hours.
The stomata close at night or when the plant is water stressed.
9/18/2018

14. Photosynthesis vs Respiration
Photosynthesis captures energy from the sun, uses up carbon dioxide and produces oxygen.
Respiration, releases energy, evolves carbon dioxide and uses up oxygen.
9/18/2018

15. Cellular Respiration

16. Photosynthesis vs. Respiration
Food synthesized (made)
Energy from sun stored in glucose
CO2 taken in
Oxygen given off
Produces sugars
Requires light
Occurs only in the presence of chlorophyll
Respiration
Food broken down
Energy in glucose released
CO2 given off
Oxygen taken in
Produces CO2 and H2O
Does not require light
Occurs in all living cells

17. Process that makes ATP by breaking down Glucose
Cellular Respiration
Process that makes ATP by breaking down Glucose

18. Facts: Cellular Respiration
Is Aerobic respiration, meaning it requires OXYGEN (aero=needs air)
Happens in the mitochondria

19. Cell Respiration WHERE: MITOCHONDRIA WHO: All Eukaryotic Cells
WHY: to turn sugar (glucose) into fuel (ATP) 19

20. carbon dioxide & water are “leftovers”
Equation
C6H12O6+ 6 O2  6 CO2 + 6 H2O
and 36 ATP
carbon dioxide & water are “leftovers”
The reactants in photosynthesis are the same as the products of cellular respiration 20

21. 3 STEP PROCESS in Cellular Respiration
Why: to slowly release energy without heating up the cell too much!
Glycolysis: Happens in the cytoplasm to break down glucose
All living things do glycolysis
Krebs Cycle: (citric acid cycle) In the mitochondria, makes a few ATP (not efficient)
Electron Transport: In the mitochondria, makes a lot of ATP

22. What happens if there is NO Oxygen?
Anaerobic Respiration: When there is a lack of Oxygen going to the cells
2 Types of Fermentation
-Lactic Acid Fermentation (animal cells)
-Alcoholic Fermentation (Yeast & Bacteria)

23. Anaerobic Respiration
Cells make ATP without oxygen
Occurs in Yeast and Bacteria
2 types:
1. Lactic Acid
Products: lactic acid
Builds up in muscles
2. Alcoholic
Products: Alcohol and CO2
Used to make beer and wine

24. 2 Types of Cellular Respiration
Aerobic
- Requires oxygen
- 3 step process
***occurs in cytoplasm and mitochondria***
- Makes 36 ATP
necessary for large organisms (eukaryotes)
- by-product is CO2
Anaerobic or Fermentation
- Requires no oxygen
- 2 step process
***occurs entirely in cytoplasm of cell***
- Only makes 2 ATP
works well for small organisms like bacteria/yeast
- by-product is lactic acid

25. Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Function What organisms do this?
Create/store energy
(in glucose molecules)
Release stored energy (in glucose molecules)
What organisms do this?
Plant cells only
Both plant and animal cells
Organelle for process?
Chloroplasts
Mitochondria
Reactants
CO2 and H2O
C6H12O6 (glucose) and O2
Products
Source of energy used/produced
Uses energy from sunlight
Produces ATP for cell functions