1. Ch.10 America’s Economic Revolution

2. Change in American Population & Immigration
Increase in Population
Increase in Immigration
Huge increase in population from
1790: 4million – 1840: 17 million
Reasons for growth :
Improved public health
Higher birth rate
Huge increase in immigration
Reasons for growth:
Strong Agriculture economy
Germans and Irish come
-Irish: Potato famine
-Germans: Economic dislocations

3. Rise of Nativism Natives = Born in America
For Immigrants
Against Immigrants
Hostile toward foreign-born
Considered immigrants inferior
Especially disliked Catholic Irish
Created the Native American Party- to fight immigration
Wanted to use immigrants as cheap labor
Used for votes

4. Nativism cont… Started other groups such as the
Supreme Order of the Star Spangled Banner
List of Demands
-Catholics & foreign-born couldn’t hold office
-Naturalization laws
-Literacy tests for voting
“Know-Nothings”- Members names

5. Transportation Canals (Erie Canal) Steamboats
Railroads (consolidation spurred on the railroads)

6. Communication Telegraph- Samuel Morse -Communication quickened
Rotary Press- Richard Hoe
-Print faster
Significance: Communication and newspapers grow. North becomes more divided from the South.

7. Beginnings of a capitalist economy
Commerce & Industry
Beginnings of a capitalist economy
Corporations- Large business
-Less liability in investment for corporations.
Factories- Improved technology & more demand
-Use machines
-Industry prominent in the Northeast (New England)

8. Technology Advances
Machine technology advances happen faster in US than the rest of the world.
Britain and Europe start copying the US
Changes in technology
-Make better machines
-Interchangeable parts
-Coal instead of wood = better energy
-Patents
-Less Merchants

9. Improved technology leads to less need for farmers.
Men and Women at Work
90% of American people in 1820’s still lived and worked on farms
Improved technology leads to less need for farmers.
New labor force used in factories.
Labor conditions decent in early American factories

10. Factories Lowell System
-Women worked in safe, clean factories that provided housing.
Conditions decline as production becomes more important
Start hiring immigrants- Cheapest labor
Amount of skilled workers decrease
Unions develop to protect skilled workers

11. Unions Commonwealth v. Hunt
-Declared unions were lawful and strikes were legitimate.
Female Protective Unions- Help women with working conditions.
*Unions relatively ineffective*

12. Industrial Society Increased wealth inequality (Rich & Poor)
Urban poor increase
African Americans extremely poor
Social Mobility- Enough to keep people from rebelling
Middle-Class- Expanding
-Leads to more household inventions and improved convenience in life.

13. Changing Family Children and Women have less of a role
-No longer needed on the farm.
*Men work, women stay home*
-Falling birth rate
-Increased abortions
-Less education for women

14. Cult of Domesticity Women were suppose to behave a certain way
Piety, Purity, Submission, & Domesticity
Their role was the household.

15. Leisure Rare to have any leisure time Sundays main free day
*Minstrel Shows*

16. Agricultural North Northeast- Decline in Ag
Northwest- Increase in Ag, better soil
Increase in growing single crops
Northwest and Northeast work together
Better Ag techniques and tools
Religion Strong in farm areas