1. ENERGY & ENERGY RESOURCES
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

2. Energy & Energy Resources
Energy flow important in Ecosystems
Energy & energy resources important to economies
Hunter-gatherer
Agricultural
Industrial
Energy & energy resources
Affect environment
Affect environmental choices we make
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

3. Energy & Energy Resources
Sources of energy for the modern industrial economy
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

4. Energy & Energy Resources
Energy use related to
Prosperity
Quality of life
More energy used: more GNP per capita
but, Switzerland, Japan, Denmark, Germany have achieved high GNP using less energy than USA
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

5. Energy & US Economy How we use Energy Electrical E. Kinetic E. Heat E.
lighting (room, street, advertising)
heating & air conditioning
air circulation
Heat E.
residential & commercial buildings
hot water
industrial processes
Kinetic E.
transportation
cars
trucks
trains
airplanes
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

6. Energy & US Economy Electricity (In)efficiency: 2nd Law
Efficient when running motors
Blowers, fans, power tools
~ 75% of energy lost (heat) in generation from coal and “stepping down” to household voltage
Inefficient incandescent light bulbs
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

7. Energy & Energy Resources
Electrical generation sources
Fossil fuels, 66.6%
Nuclear, 15.2%
Hydroelectrical, 16.0%
Renewable sources, 2.2%
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

8. Energy & US Economy Fossil fuels Coal Petroleum Natural gas crude oil
tar sands
oil shales
Natural gas
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

9. Energy & US Economy Coal
Fossilized plant remains, mostly Million yr old
Abundant
Enough to last ~200 years at present rate of use
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

10. Energy & US Economy Coal mining Subsurface mining Strip mining
Dangerous to miners
Strip mining
Destroys surface landscape
Acid drainage
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

11. Energy & US Economy Electrical generation from coal
Source, quality of coal
Emissions
Ash disposal
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

12. Energy & US Economy Petroleum Production Consumption crude oil
tar sands
oil shales
Production
transport
Consumption
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

13. Energy & US Economy Crude oil refined to: Refineries locations
fuel
gasoline
diesel
lubricants
motor oil, etc.
asphalt paving
plastics
Refineries locations
By-products
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

14. Energy & US Economy Oil production When will we run out ?
Hubbert’s prediction
World reserves
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

15. Energy & US Economy Other uses for petroleum
Plastics, solvents, asphalt, rubber
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

16. Energy & US Economy Reducing petroleum demand Fuel efficiency
C.A.F.E. standards
Alternate transportation
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

17. Energy & US Economy Natural gas Clean burning
H2O
Difficult & dangerous to store and transport
Pipelines
Liquid natural gas
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

18. Energy & US Economy Alternatives to fossil fuels Nuclear energy
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

19. Energy & US Economy Alternatives to fossil fuels
Nuclear power for electrical generation
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

20. Energy & US Economy
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

21. Energy & US Economy Alternatives to fossil fuels Biomass energy
Wood
Ethanol (ethyl alcohol)
Vegetable oil
Land dedicated to biomass production
Unavailable for food
Nutrient depletion
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

22. Energy & US Economy Alternatives to fossil fuels Hydroelectric energy
Dams
alter river systems
risk of failure
Johnstown, PA, May 31,1889
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

23. Energy & US Economy Alternatives to fossil fuels Wind energy
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

24. Energy & US Economy Alternatives to fossil fuels Solar energy
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

25. Energy & US Economy Alternatives to fossil fuels Hydrogen fuel cells
Used in space capsules, shuttles, International Space Station, since 1960s
Strip hydrogen atoms of electrons
Electrons flow (current)
Protons pass through membrane
Waste = water vapor
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt

26. Energy Conservation Drive less Drive a more efficient car Use stairs
Carpool
MARTA
Walk, bike
Drive a more efficient car
Use stairs
Recycle
Make home more energy efficient
Insulate, weatherstrip
Turn thermostat down in winter, up in summer
Buy locally grown food
Buy locally produced goods
04 June 2010
Energy Resources.ppt