1. MR. AKWETEY HENRY MATEY NETWORKING CPT.5
UNIVERSITY OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES, ACCRA DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECH. & MANAGEMENT STUDIES
NETWORKING CPT.5
MR. AKWETEY HENRY MATEY

2. NETWORK OPERATING SYSTEM AND NETWORK COMMUNICATION & INTRODUCTION TO SERVER

3. What is a Server?
Types of Servers?
File Servers.
Print Servers.
Servers.
Database Servers.

4. Servers What is a SERVER?
Servers are the one that is responsible to provide response to each client’s request simultaneously.
A Server may be responsible to process a single request or more than one request at a time.

5. Types of Servers File Servers Print Servers E-mail Servers
Data Base Servers

6. File Servers A file server may be dedicated or non-dedicated.
A dedicated server is designed specifically for use as a file server not for other database purposes.
File servers may also be categorized by the method of access: Internet file servers are frequently accessed by File Transfer Protocol (FTP) or by HTTP (but are different from web servers, that often provide dynamic web content in addition to static files).

7. File Servers
File server is a computer attached to a network, that has the primary purpose to share contents (such as documents, sound files, photographs, movies, images, databases, etc.) that can be accessed by the other computers that are attached to the network.
A file server is not intended to perform computational tasks, and does not run programs on behalf of its clients.

8. File Servers
It is designed primarily to enable the storage and retrieval of data while the computation is carried out by the workstations.
File servers are commonly found in schools and offices and rarely seen in local internet service providers using LAN to connect their client computers.

9. File Servers Each Server will be placed on one another on a rack mount.

10. File Servers

11. File Servers Memory RAM 4 GB for developer evaluation use.
Minimum Hardware requirements for FILE SERVERS
Memory
RAM 4 GB for developer evaluation use.
8 GB for production use.

12. File Servers Storage 80 GB or greater for system drive.
You must have sufficient space for the base installation and sufficient space for diagnostics such as logging, debugging, creating memory dumps, and so on.

13. File Servers Processors 64-bit, four cores for small deployments.
64-bit, eight cores for medium deployments.

14. Operating System Used in Server sites
File Servers
Operating System Used in Server sites
Windows Server 2003
Windows Server 2008
Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1
Windows NT
Ubuntu Server Edition
Linux
Novel Netware
Mac OS 8 and so on….

15. Print Servers
A print server may be a networked computer with one or more shared printers. Alternatively a print server may be a dedicated device on the network, with connections to the LAN and one or more printers.
Print server functionality may be integrated with other devices such as a wireless router, a firewall, or both.

16. Print Servers A printer may have a built-in print server.
All printers with the right type of connector are compatible with all print servers; manufacturers of servers make available lists of compatible printers because a server may not implement all the communications functionality of a printer (low ink signal, etc.).

17. Print Servers
Possible to have more than one Printers. If more than one Client’s want to process a same printer, then print Request are queued.

18. Servers

19. Servers
Often referred to as simply "mail server", an server is a computer within your network that works as your virtual post office.
A mail server usually consists of a storage area where is stored for local users, a set of user definable rules which determine how the mail server should react to the destination of a specific message.

20. Servers
A database of user accounts that the mail server recognizes and will deal with locally. This means each users will be stored in particular Providers Database. Ex: Yahoo, Gmail, Rediff, Hot mail.
Generally the person(s) responsible for the maintenance of the server (editing users, monitoring system activity) are referred to as the postmaster.

21. Database Server
A database server is a computer program that provides database services to other computer programs or computers.
Database management systems frequently provide database server functionality, and some DBMS’s (e.g., My SQL) rely exclusively on the client–server model for database access.

22. Database Servers
In a master-slave model, database master servers are centralized and primary locations of data while database slave servers are synchronized backups of the master acting as proxies.
Some examples of Database servers are Oracle, DB2, Informix, Ingres, SQL Server. Every server uses its own query logic and structure.

23. Database Servers
Such a server is accessed either through a "front end“ at the "back end" which runs on the server and handles tasks such as data analysis and storage.
The back-end, sometimes called a database server, performs tasks such as data analysis, storage, data manipulation, archiving, and other non-user specific tasks.

24. Database Servers
The Diagram represents that two clients system can access the SQL Database of the “Techfuels” organization.
Possible to use any type of Database Software.

34. Windows Server Roadmap
9/18/2018 3:04 PM
Windows Server Roadmap R2
2010
2008
Service Pack Two
2009
2008

35. Network Operating Systems
Network operating systems (NOS) typically are used to run computers that act as servers. They provide the capabilities required for network operation. Network operating systems are also designed for client computers and provide functions so the distinction between network operating systems and stand alone operating systems is not always obvious. Network operating systems provide the following functions:

36. Windows Server 2003 Network Administration Goals
To ensure that network resources such as files, folders, and printers are available to users
To secure the network so that available resources are only accessible to users who have been granted the proper permissions

37. Windows Server 2003 Editions
Multiple versions of Windows Server 2003 exist
Each version is defined to meet the need of a certain market segment
Versions Include:
Standard Edition
Enterprise Edition
Datacenter Edition
Web Edition

38. Standard Edition
Designed for everyday needs of small to medium businesses or as a departmental server for larger organizations
Provides file and print services, secure Internet connectivity, centralized management of network resources
Logical upgrade path for Windows 2000 Server
Can be used as a domain controller, member server, or standalone server

39. Standard Edition (continued)

40. Enterprise Edition Generally used for medium to large businesses
Designed for organizations that require better performance, reliability, and availability than Standard Edition provides
Provides support for mission-critical applications
Available in both 32 and 64-bit editions

41. Enterprise Edition (continued)

42. Enterprise Edition (continued)

43. Datacenter Edition
Designed for mission-critical applications, very large databases, and information access that requires the highest levels of availability
Can only be obtained from Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs)

44. Datacenter Edition Continued

45. Web Edition Lower-cost edition
Designed for hosting and deploying Web services and applications
Meant for small to large companies or departments that develop and/or deploy Web services

46. Web Edition (continued)

47. Activity 1-1: Determining the Windows Server 2003 Edition Installed on a Server
Objective is to determine the edition of Windows Server 2003 installed on your server using System Properties
Follow the instructions in the book to log in
Start  My Computer  Properties  General tab

48. Windows Networking Concepts Overview
Two different security models used in Windows environments
Workgroup
Domain
Three roles for a Windows Server 2003 system in a network
Standalone server
Member server
Domain controller

49. Workgroups A workgroup is a logical group of computers Limitations
Characterized by a decentralized security and and administration model
Authentication provided by a local account database – Security Accounts Manager (SAM)
Limitations
Users need unique accounts on each workstation
Users manage their own accounts (security issues)
Not very scalable

50. Domains A domain is a logical group of computers
Characterized by centralized authentication and administration
Authentication provided through centralized Active Directory
Active Directory database can be physically distributed across domain controllers
Requires at least one system configured as a domain controller

51. Member Servers A member server Has an account in a domain
Is not configured as a domain controller
Typically used for file, print, application, and host network services
All 4 Windows Server 2003 Editions can be configured as member servers

52. Domain Controllers
Explicitly configured to store a copy of Active Directory
Service user authentication requests
Service queries about domain objects
May be a dedicated server but is not required to be

53. Domain Controllers (continued)

54. Activity 1-2: Determining the Domain or Workgroup Membership of a Windows Server 2003 System
Objective is to determine the domain or workgroup membership of a system
Start  My Computer  Properties  Computer Name tab
Displays computer name and domain
Change  OK

56. Computer Accounts Assigned in Windows NT, 2000, XP, and 2003
Assigned when joining a domain
Method for authentication and access auditing
Accounts are represented as computer objects
Accounts can be viewed using administrative tools
e.g., Active Directory Users and Computers

57. Activity 1-3: Viewing and Configuring Computer Account Settings in Active Directory Users and Computers
Objective is to use the Users and Computers tool to view and configure account settings/properties
Start  Administrative Tools  Active Directory Users and Computers

58. Using Active Directory Users and Computers to View a Computer Object

59. Network Management and Maintenance Overview
Five major focus areas of administrative tasks
Managing and maintaining physical and logical devices
Managing users, computers, and groups
Managing and maintaining access to resources
Managing and maintaining a server environment
Managing and implementing disaster recovery

60. Managing and Maintaining Physical and Logical Devices
Network administrator responsibilities include:
Installing and configuring hardware devices
Managing server disks
Monitoring and managing performance
Tools include
Control panel applets
Device Manager
Disk Defragmenter

61. Managing Users, Computers, and Groups
User accounts
Creation, maintenance, passwords
Group accounts
Assign network rights and permissions to multiple users
Support distribution lists
Computer accounts
Active Directory tools and utilities used to create and maintain computer accounts

62. Activity 1-4: Resetting a Domain User Account Password Using Active Directory Users and Computers
Objective is to reset a user password
Force user to change password at next log-in
Other techniques discussed
Start  Administrative Tools  Active Directory Users and Computers  Users
Follow directions in book to complete exercise

63. The Reset Password Dialog Box in Active Directory Users and Computers

64. Managing and Maintaining Access to Resources
Server 2003 uses sharing technique
Sharing setup
Through Windows Explorer interface and Computer Management administrative tool
Shared folder and NTFS permissions
Terminal services
Allows access to applications through a central server
Allows access from desktops running different operating systems

65. Managing and Maintaining a Server Environment
Covers a wide variety of tasks including:
Managing server licensing
Managing patches and software updates
Managing Web servers
Managing printers, print queues, disk quotas
A wide variety of tools are available including:
Event Viewer and System Monitor
Software Update Services
Microsoft Management Console

66. Activity 1-5: Creating a Custom Microsoft Management Console
The objective is to create a custom MMC
MMC groups commonly used tools for administrator’s convenience
Start  Run  mmc  OK  File  Add/Remove Snap-in
Follow directions in book to view and select snap-ins to add to MMC

67. The Add Standalone Snap-in Dialog Box

68. Selecting the Snap-In Focus

69. Managing and Implementing Disaster Recovery
Main component of disaster recovery is system backup
Backup tool provided is Windows Backup
Different types of backup
Automated scheduling of backups
Back up critical system state information
Automated system Recovery
Shadow Copies of Shared Folders

70. Introduction to Windows Server 2003 Active Directory
Provides the following services
Central point for storing and managing network objects
Central point for administration of objects and resources
Logon and authentication services
Delegation of administration

71. Introduction to Windows Server 2003 Active Directory Continued
Stored on domain controllers in the network
Changes made to any Active Directory will be replicated across all domain controllers
Multimaster replication
Fault tolerance for domain controller failure
Uses Domain Name Service (DNS) conventions for network resources

72. Active Directory Objects
An object represents a network resource such as a user, group, computer, or printer
Objects have attributes depending on object type
Objects are searchable by attributes

73. Active Directory Schema
Schema defines the set of possible objects for entire Active Directory structure
Only one schema for a given Active Directory, replicated across domain controllers
Two main definitions
Object classes
Attributes
Attributes and object classes have a many-to-many relationship

74. Active Directory Logical Structure and Components
Active Directory comprises components that:
Enable design and administration of a network structure
Logical
Hierarchical
Components include:
Domains and organizational units
Trees and forests
A global catalog

75. Domains and Organizational Units
Has a unique name
Is organized in hierarchical levels
Has an Active Directory replicated across its domain controllers
Organizational unit (OU)
A logical container used to organize domain objects
Makes it easy to locate and manage objects
Allows you to apply Group Policy settings
Allows delegation of administrative control

76. An Active Directory Domain and OU Structure

77. Trees and Forests
Sometimes necessary to create multiple domains within an organization
First Active Directory domain is the forest root domain
A tree is a hierarchical collection of domains that share a contiguous DNS naming structure
A forest is a collection of trees that do not share a contiguous DNS naming structure
Transitive trust relationships exist among domains in trees and, optionally, in and across forests

78. Global Catalog
An index and partial replica of most frequently used objects and attributes of an Active Directory
Replicated to any server in a forest configured to be a global catalog server

79. Global Catalog (continued)
Four main functions
Enable users to find Active Directory information
Provide universal group membership information
Supply authentication services when a user logs on from another domain
Respond to directory lookup requests from Exchange 2000 and other applications

80. An Active Directory Forest

81. Active Directory Communications Standards
The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) is used to query or update Active Directory database directly
LDAP follows convention using naming paths with two components
Distinguished name: the unique name of an object in Active Directory
Relative distinguished name: the portion of a distinguished name that is unique within the context of its container

82. Active Directory Physical Structure
Physical structure distinct from logical structure
Important to consider the effect of Active Directory traffic and authentication requests on physical resources
A site is a combination of 1+ Internet Protocol (IP) subnets connected by a high-speed connection
A site link is a configurable object that represents a connection between sites

83. END OF PART ONE
Thank you !!!!!