1. Life in Spanish Texas

2. Most were seeking better lives.
The Spanish Texans
Most were seeking better lives.

3. Four Types of Frontier Settlements
Settlers had to work together to survive. They established four kinds of settlements in the frontier
1. Missions
2. Presidios
3. Towns
4. Ranchos

4. SPANISH CONTROL OF THE TEXAS BORDERLANDS
To control the Texas borderlands the Spanish built 4 types of settlements:
missions – religious communities
presidios – military bases
towns – small villages with farmers and merchants
ranchos – or ranches

5. MISSIONS

6. Missions Missions had: 1. walls surrounding them for protection
By 1750, there were more than 20 Spanish missions in Texas. They were run by a friar (Catholic priest). Most were built near Indian villages, in hopes to convert the Indians.
Missions had:
1. walls surrounding them for protection
2. houses, school, church, and workplaces
3. most had farms and ranches

7. Why were missions built in Texas?
Spain wanted land in Texas. France also wanted the same land. Spain established missions to protect their interests. They used native people they had converted to help them.
Spain hoped that the resources in the Americas would pay for their exploration and colonization throughout the world.
Spain wanted everyone to be a Catholic. Their goal was to convert the Native Americans to their way of worship and thinking. The churches in the missions served this function.

8. Native Texans Came to missions to avoid hunger and enemy tribes
Were forced to do mission work such as build buildings
Left missions because they did not like being bossed around by the priests
Most Native Texans returned to missions over and over because of hunger

9. Missions

10. Missions

11. THE SPANISH ESTABLISHED MISSIONS ALONG THE WESTERN RIO GRANDE

12. Missions
In 1682, the Spanish built the first mission in Texas, just east of present-day El Paso. This mission was called Corpus Christi de la Ysleta.

13. Spanish Settlements on the Frontier
To control the borderlands
Mission System
Goal
Four types of Spanish settlements
Represent
Spanish govern- ment there
Convert American Indians there to Catholicism
Develop settlements
there
missions, presidios, towns, ranchos

14. convert Native Texans to the Catholic faith
MISSIONS
PURPOSE
colonizing Texas
convert Native Texans to the Catholic faith
taught the natives to be good citizens
taught natives to be loyal subjects of the Spanish crown =

15. Daily Life in the Missions
Morning Prayers
30 minutes of religious teaching
Rosary
Breakfast
Work in the fields or workshops for the men
Work in the kitchen or cooking for the women
School for the children
Dinner
Religious teaching
Prayers
Bedtime
And if you didn't like it . . .
You might be punished for not working.
You could be recaptured if you tried to run away.
You might have to return to hunger and cold winters outside the mission. Brrrrr….

16. Make the natives good subjects
Type
Purpose
Physical Description
Daily Life
Mission
spread Christianity
Make the natives good subjects
square compound
4 walls
chapel
religious teaching
work
Presidio
Military support
To protect the mission
Rectangular
Tall walls
Places for the soldiers to sleep
Harsh life
Soldiers protected mission
Kept natives out
TOWN
Provided support for the missions and the presidio
Houses made of local material
Blacksmiths, bakers, gunsmiths
Only wealthy learned to read
Rancho
(RANCH)
Provided food and supplies for the colonies
Large pieces of land with little grass
Extreme weather conditions
Vaqueros took care of livestock