1. Nationalism & Sectionalism

2. Goodbye Madison, Hello Monroe
1816 James Monroe wins the election
Last Revolutionary War officer to serve as pres
Helped create a new sense of national unity
Era of Good Feelings –

3. Following the War of 1812
Patriotic pride united the states, but tension between the North & South emerged.
The tension led to the Civil War, and regional differences can still be found in the United States today.
Let’s look at how nationalism affected U.S. economic growth and foreign policy.
Americans were beginning to be torn between the interests of their own regions and those of the country as a whole.

4. Nationalism Unites the Country
In 1815 President Madison presented a plan to Congress for making the United States economically self-sufficient.
What does it mean to be self-sufficient?
Henry Clay promoted this plan as the American System

5. American System Established a protective tariff
Tax on imported goods that protects a nation’s businesses from foreign competition
Following the war of 1812, a flood of British goods begin to pour back into the U.S.
1816 – made European goods more expensive and encouraged Americans to buy cheaper American-made products

7. American System Established a national bank
Promote a single currency
1816 – Congress set up the second Bank of the United States
Improve the country’s transportation systems
Poor roads made transportation slow and costly

8. Sectional Leaders Emerge
John C. Calhoun
member of Congress that represented the South
supported the War of 1812
supported slavery
opposed a strong federal govt
Daniel Webster
member of Congress from New Hampshire that represented the North
opposed the War of 1812
wanted the federal govt. to take a larger role in the economy
thought slavery was evil
Henry Clay
member of Congress that represented the West
supported the War of 1812
wanted federal govt. to take a larger role in the economy.

9. McCulloch v. Maryland
Supreme Court ruled that the states had no right to interfere with federal institutions within their borders.
Ruling strengthened the federal govt. and helped the U.S. economy to expand

10. Gibbons v. Ogden
1824 – Supreme Court upheld the power of the federal govt. to regulate commerce.
State could regulate trade within its borders only. Only the federal govt. could regulate interstate commerce.

12. Adams – Onis Treaty
1818 Jackson heads to Florida with a force of more than 3,000 soldiers
Spain was busy in Latin America; agrees to peace
Sect. of State John Q. Adams negotiates peace treaty with Spain
Spain agrees to give Florida to the U.S. in exchange for $5 million
Takes effect in 1821

13. Monroe Doctrine Bold foreign policy statement
Declared U.S. would not interfere in the affairs of European nations or existing colonies of European nations
Warned European nations not to attempt to regain control of newly independent nations of Latin America
U.S. was determined to keep European powers out of Western Hemisphere