1. Plant Structure and Transport
Identify the root, stem, leaf, and flower of a plant; and give each of their functions.
HL: Give the function of the xylem and phloem.
Show the path of water through plant tissue.
Show that water evaporates from the surface of a leaf by transpiration.

2. Identify Main Parts of a Plant
The main parts of a flowering plant are:
Flowers
Leaves
Stem
Roots
by Kelvinsong – CC-BY-SA 3.0

3. Give the Functions of Plant Parts
Roots
Anchor the plant in the soil.
Absorb water and minerals.
Some plants store food in their roots.

4. Give the Functions of Plant Parts
Stem
Support and hold up leaves and flowers.
Transport water and minerals from roots to leaves, and food from leaves to roots.
Some stems store food.

5. Give the Functions of Plant Parts
Leaves
Make food through photosynthesis.
Allow gases and water to pass in and out.
Some leaves store food.

6. Give the Functions of Plant Parts
Flowers
Produce seeds to allow the plant to reproduce.

7. Give the Function of the Xylem and Phloem
Since the roots collect water and minerals, and the leaves produce food, plants need a way of transporting each of these throughout the plant.
The xylem carries water and minerals from the roots to the leaves and flowers.
The phloem carries food from the leaves to the rest of the plant.

8. To Show that Roots Absorb Water
Place a plant in a test tube.
Part fill the test tube with water, so that the roots of the plant are covered.
Pour a thin layer of oil over the surface of the water.
Mark the water level.
Compare the water level a week later.

9. To Show the Path of Water Through Plants
Part fill a beaker with water and add some red food colouring.
Place a stalk of celery with leaves on in the beaker, with the leaves at the top.
Leave for a few days.
Examine the top of the stem and the leaves.

10. Show Transpiration
Transpiration is the loss of water vapour from a plant.
Tiny openings in leaves called stomata allow water to evaporate.
This causes water to be pulled up from the roots to the leaves.
by Laurel Jules – CC-BY-SA-3.0

11. Show Transpiration Transpiration serves a number of purposes:
It brings water needed for photosynthesis to the leaves.
The water carries minerals which are needed for growth and health.
It cools the plant down (similar to how sweating works in humans).
by Laurel Jules – CC-BY-SA-3.0

12. Show Transpiration From a Leaf
Place a dry plastic bag over the upper part of a plant.
Leave the plant in a warm, bright place for several hours.
Test the droplets on the inside of the bag for water using cobalt chloride paper.